Windows基本操作题上机考试的实现方法

针对Windows基本操作题的上机考试，提出了将命题、考试与判卷相适应的实现方法。并通过例子，介绍了使题目的文字描述、符号描述和答案符号描述互相对应的描述方法。     

Plant mineral nutrition,gas exchange and photosynthesis in space: A review

Successful growth and development of higher plants in space rely on adequate availability and uptake of water and nutrients, and efficient energy distribution through photosynthesis and gas exchange. In the present review, literature has been reviewed to assemble the relevant knowledge within space plant research for future planetary missions. Focus has been on fractional gravity, space radiation, magnetic fields and ultimately a combined effect of these factors on gas exchange, photosynthesis and transport of water and solutes.     

Protein expression profile changes in human fibroblasts induced by low dose energetic protons

Extrapolation of known radiation risks to the risks from low dose and low dose-rate exposures of human population, especially prolonged exposures of astronauts in the space radiation environment, relies in part on the mechanistic understanding of radiation induced biological consequences at the molecular level. While some genomic data at the mRNA level are available for cells or animals exposed to radiation, the data at the protein level are still lacking. Here, we studied protein expression profile changes using Panorama antibody microarray chips that contain antibodies to 224 proteins (or their phosphorylated forms) involved in cell signaling that included mostly apoptosis, cytoskeleton, cell cycle and signal transduction. Normal human fibroblasts were cultured until fully confluent and then exposed to 2 cGy of 150 MeV protons at high-dose rate. The proteins were isolated at 2 or 6 h after exposure and labeled with Cy3 for the irradiated cells and with Cy5 for the control samples before loading onto the protein microarray chips. The intensities of the protein spots were analyzed using ScanAlyze software and normalized by the summed fluorescence intensities and the housekeeping proteins. The results showed that low dose protons altered the expression of more than 10% of the proteins listed in the microarray analysis in various protein functional groups. Cell cycle (24%) related proteins were induced by protons and most of them were regulators of G1/S-transition phase. Comparison of the overall protein expression profiles, cell cycle related proteins, cytoskeleton and signal transduction protein groups showed significantly more changes induced by protons compared with other protein functional groups.     

论我国人大立法过程中的利益表达

社会分层与社会利益多元化,必然导致社会各阶层谋求自己利益的立法认可。人民代表大会作为调控利益冲突、进行立法选择的主要场所,在组织结构、代表的组成与职责、立法程序．等方面,滞后于市场经济中社会利益多元化这一现实,有必要从强化代表的职责、优化代表大会的结构,规范立法程序,完善立法权的划分等方面加强我国的人大代表制度,以实现利益的有效表达,应对利益分化这一社会现实。     

一种基于时序形态的航天器动态模式提取方法

针对航天器动态特性分析过程中遇到的建模过程复杂、处理速度较慢、分析结果不易进行直观解释等问题,通过借鉴符号化近似思想,提出了一种基于时序形态的航天器动态模式提取方法。该方法首先采用分段线性化算法获取一系列分割线段以近似表示遥测序列形态,然后使用系统聚类分析技术对分割线段进行分类,最后基于分类结果将遥测时间序列数据转化为蕴含形态信息的符号序列。验证结果表明该方法简单、有效,所提取的动态模式符号序列不仅可体现遥测时序数据的显著变化,也可表征遥测序列的细微变化,可作为遥测序列识别与异常检测的依据。     

BHU人脸表情数据库的设计与实现

提供了一个较为全面的人脸表情数据库,它包含3类人脸表情:单一表情、混合表情和复杂 表情.本数据库具有在其它人脸数据库中未曾出现的情感表情,对世界人脸表情数据库进行 了有益的补充.对数据库单一表情的部分样本进行了问卷调查,给出了对每个样本的评价, 并通过统计分析给出了对数据库中单一表情可识别性的评价.通过对9 种单一表情的识别实验,说明了多类表情识别的可行性.本表情数据库对人脸表情识别和人 机交互领域的研究具有积极的促进作用.      

碰撞概率对轨道误差和接近几何条件的灵敏度分析

基于显式表达式对碰撞概率的灵敏度进行解析分析,给出其对接近距离的RSW分量、轨道误差、接近角度和目标大小的两类灵敏度（绝对灵敏度和相对灵敏度）。以美俄卫星碰撞事件为例进行计算和分析,得到灵敏度的变化曲线和数值。该解析方法可以克服数值分析方法中普遍存在的使用不便、计算量大、精度不高等问题。     

航天轴承摩擦力矩的参数-非参数融合性分析

提出参数-非参数融合性方法分析航天轴承摩擦力矩性能,该方法用统计方法判断航天轴承摩擦力矩的基本特征;用符号判断法确定航天轴承摩擦力矩的时序特征;用秩和判断法判断航天轴承摩擦力矩状态特征;融合3种方法系统分析航天轴承摩擦力矩总体性能,实现航天轴承摩擦性能的评估.该方法可以降低数据符号,偏离平均值较大、较小及不同数据排列顺序对航天轴承总体性能的影响,正确反映航天轴承的工作性能和稳定性能、时序特征及状态特征,全面系统地揭示航天轴承的总体性能.根据工作性能与稳定性能,性能比较好的航天轴承被确定,进一步根据航天轴承的时序特征和状态特征选出总体性能最优的轴承,置信水平可以达到99%,和现行选用的航天轴承一致,表明该方法反映航天轴承摩擦力矩信息多,可以从少数航天轴承中得到总体性能最优的轴承.      

MBD技术在航空发动机设计中的应用

为解决MBD技术在航空发动机设计应用中的标准规范不统一和标注信息管理等问题,结合行业特点,制订了独特的通用+典型零部件MBD行业标准,同时,考虑到知识信息表达和多领域应用,提出了基于视图的标注信息(Definition Based Model Views-DBMV)管理方法,使得3维MBD模型成为惟一有效的知识信息数据源贯穿应用于产品的全生命周期,成功将MBD技术工程化应用于航空发动机结构设计中。     

倾转旋翼机旋翼/机翼气动干扰理论与试验

采用参数化建模方法,建立了适用于飞行力学分析的倾转旋翼机旋翼/机翼气动干扰模型,提出一套简单而准确的干扰区计算方法,得出了干扰区边界的解析表达式,并根据解析式数值积分得到了干扰区的面积,据此给出了过渡过程中旋翼/机翼气动干扰的速度边界。针对上述模型和方法,进行了倾转旋翼不同旋翼总距、前飞速度以及短舱倾角下的旋翼/机翼气动干扰风洞试验,并通过理论计算结果与风洞试验结果的对比验证建模方法的正确性。