卫星SAR载荷蓄电池充电器的建模分析与设计

随着现代商业卫星的发展，低成本、重量轻、多功能、高集成的微纳合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星迎来加速发展的阶段。由于SAR载荷工作时间短、峰值功率大的特点，需专门为SAR载荷配置一组高压载荷蓄电池，在相同电流下，可输出更大功率。针对高压载荷蓄电池恒流恒压充电的需求，提出采用推挽变换器的隔离升压充电器方案，搭建了推挽变换器的小信号模型，采用峰值电流控制的双环控制策略实现恒流恒压充电控制，最后在充电器样机上进行了实验验证。实验结果验证了分析的正确性与设计的有效性，可以满足SAR载荷蓄电池充电的要求。     

Mechanism of interconnected synchronized switch damping for vibration control of blades

The Synchronized Switch Damping (SSD) is regarded as a promising alternative to mitigate the vibration of thin-walled structures in aero-engines, especially for blades or bladed disks. The common manner is to shunt the switch circuit independently to a single piezoelectric structure. This paper is aimed at exploring a novel way of using the SSD, i.e., the SSD is interconnected between two piezoelectric structures or substructures. The damping mechanism, performance, and effective range of the interconnected SSD are studied numerically and experimentally. First, based on a dual cantilever beam finite element model, the time domain and frequency domain modeling and solving methods of the interconnected SSD are deduced and validated. Then, the influence of the amplitude and phase relationship on the damping effect of the interconnected SSD is numerically studied and compared with the shunted SSD. A self-sensing SSD control board is developed, and experimental studies are carried out. The results show that the interconnected SSD establishes an additional energy channel between the corresponding piezoelectric structures. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are different, the interconnected SSD balances the vibration level of each beam. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are the same, if the appropriate interconnection manner is selected according to the phase, the resonance peak can be reduced by more than 30%. When the vibration is in-phase/out-of-phase, the damping generated by the interconnected SSD in a cross/parallel manner is even more significant than the shunted SSD. Furthermore, this novel connection scheme reduces the number of SSD circuits in half. Finally, for engineering applications, we implement the proposed damping technology to the finite element model of a typical dummy bladed disk. A piezoelectric damping ratio of 13.7% is achieved when the amount of piezo material is only 10% of blade mass. Compared with traditional friction dampers, the major advancements of the interconnected SSD are: (A) it can reduce the vibration level of blades without friction interface; (B) the space constraint is overcome, i.e., the vibration energy is not necessarily dissipated independently in one sector or through physically adjacent blades, and instead, the dissipation and transfer of vibrational energy can be realized between any blade pair. If a specific gating circuit is adopted to adjust the interconnection manner of the SSD, vibration mitigation under variable working conditions with different engine orders will be expected; (C) designers do not need to worry about the annoying nonlinearities related to working conditions anymore.     

基于DSP和FPGA的静电悬浮加速度计控制器设计

针对静电悬浮加速度计高稳定悬浮控制和极微小加速度信号处理需求，设计了一种基于数字信号处理（digital signal processor,DSP)和现场可编程门阵列（field programmable gate array,FPGA)的加速度计控制器。该控制器采用DSP作为主控芯片，FPGA为辅助控制芯片。基于加速度计的工作特性，设计了一种加速度计工作模式切换控制策略，可根据加速度计当前工作状态，自动或者手动切换工作模式。基于加速度计的工作原理和测量需求，设计开发了基于FPGA的比例、积分、微分(proportional integral derivative,PID)控制算法和有限冲击响应(finite impulse response,FIR)滤波算法。为验证该控制器的控制性能，开展了地面高压悬浮实验。结果表明，该控制器及控制算法可以快速准确地实现加速度计稳定悬浮控制和模式切换，并且可以实现软件在轨重构和控制参数在轨更新，为后续重力场探测、空间引力波探测以及自主导航等提供了工程参考依据。     

宇航微波开关研究现状及发展趋势

宇航微波开关大量应用于各类通信卫星中，是卫星有效载荷的基本组成单机之一，其主要功能是备份高失效率的微波通道单机，或作为路由器实现微波通道信号切换。国内外多家宇航公司对微波开关开展了多年的研究。在设计方面，微波开关涉及的学科领域包括高频电磁学、低频电磁学、力学和热学；在生产工艺方面，微波开关涉及高精密机械加工、热处理、表面处理以及精密装配，这是一种多学科交叉的空间高精密电子产品。主要对宇航微波开关国内外的研究现状、典型产品、技术方案和产品性能等方面进行了重点介绍，同时对微波开关中的关键技术进行了仿真分析，最后总结与分析了微波开关的发展趋势。     

基于Q-Learning的深度神经网络自适应退避策略

针对无人机自组织网络,结合Q-Learning和深度神经网络,提出一种自适应退避策略,以提高基于竞争的MAC协议通信性能.以Matlab为仿真平台,仿真比较了自适应退避策略与二进制指数退避策略的性能.     

船舶混合动力系统与智能能量管理控制策略研究进展

开发新型动力系统和智能控制策略是解决节能减排的重要技术方向。本文首先对混合动力系统的配置和拓扑结构进行归类与比较，对控制策略中涉及的智能算法进行归纳和总结；其次，对新型动力船舶在动力系统和控制算法使用情况进行阐释；最后，从不同角度对混合动力系统以及能量管理系统的发展趋势进行展望，为绿色船舶混合动力系统开发以及能量管理系统的研发提供了参考依据。     

A hybrid chemical modification strategy for monocrystalline silicon micro-grinding: Experimental investigation and synergistic mechanism

For high performance manufacturing of micro parts and features, a hybrid chemical modification strategy is proposed to decrease critical energy barrier of mechanical removal of hard and brittle crystal material by refining localized machining condition. The strategy, namely UV-light and IR-laser hybrid chemical modification (UVIR-CM) strategy, includes two steps, an ultraviolet light (UV-light) catalytic advanced oxidation and an infrared laser (IR-laser) assisted selective modification based on Fenton liquid–solid reaction for monocrystalline silicon. The modification effects of UVIR-CM strategy were investigated by surface morphology micro-observation, cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, Raman spectroscopy analysis and nanoindentation test. Experimental results demonstrated that varied degrees of laser texturing appeared on different strategy samples’ IR-laser scanned area. And the IR-laser thermal damage has been successfully inhibited due to the refraction and reflection of energy by bubbles in liquid medium. But for the UVIR-CM strategy, a uniform and amorphous silicate layer is detected in a certain boundary. The UV-light promotes oxidation cycle ability of the chemical solution and ensures sufficient oxide modified layer for subsequent step. Attributing to synergism of photochemical, photothermal and kinetic effects induced by IR-laser, the modified layer displays layered structure with about 600 nm thickness, (2.7 ± 0.60) GPa nanohardness, and (93.7 ± 22.9) GPa indentation modulus. And the layered structure is amorphous layer, nanocrystal and micro-twins layer from the surface to the interior of sample. Consequently, it reveals that the subsequent mechanical removal will become easy due to decreasing energy barrier of monocrystalline silicon in selective area. Meanwhile, its original excellent mechanical properties also are maintained under a certain depth. The results contribute to develop a novel combined micro-machining technology to achieve collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity for micro parts and feature.     

Transition control of a tail-sitter unmanned aerial vehicle with L1 neural network adaptive control

The main task of this work is to design a control system for a small tail-sitter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) during the transition process. Although reasonable control performance can be obtained through a well-tuned single PID or cascade PID control architecture under nominal conditions, large or fast time-varying disturbances and a wide range of changes in the equilibrium point bring nonlinear characteristics to the transition control during the transition process, which leads to control prec...     

基于低轨全覆盖卫星星座的反向缝建链策略

低轨卫星星座的拓扑设计是天地一体化网络部署中较为重要的一环。在低轨卫星网络中，如何设计星座拓扑来提升卫星网络的稳定性与传输性能，是亟待解决的问题。提出一种基于轨道覆盖带方法的低轨持续全覆盖卫星星座设计方法，通过该方法构建低轨卫星星座，满足覆盖性能，可有效减少卫星切换的次数。基于构建的星座拓扑，制定邻轨k最近邻星的反向缝建链策略，优化设计链路长度和链路持续时长，获取网络传输性能与稳定性的平衡。仿真结果表明:通过上述方法设计出的星座，在满足对地持续全覆盖性能的情况下，相较于轨道覆盖带方法切换次数减少10%;邻轨k最近邻星策略相较于最短建链策略，拓扑稳定性能提升79.62%，使网络拓扑稳定性与传输性能达到更优的平衡。     

大气环境监测卫星地方时控制策略优化

针对大气环境监测卫星地方时的控制和优化问题，从太阳同步轨道卫星的地方时漂移规律入手，建立了地方时漂移估计模型，给出了通过改变倾角来调节地方时漂移的控制策略。在此基础上，采用遗传算法对控制策略进行了优化，讨论了相关算子的选择，最终得到了燃料有限情况下的最优控制曲线。优化结果表明:不限燃料情况下，大气环境监测卫星可通过寿命内一次倾角控制实现小于6.6 min的地方时偏差。此外，为了保证地方时偏差小于15 min的指标要求，卫星至少需要进行一次0.07°的倾角控制。