中心突扩燃烧室水流试验与大涡模拟

以两种尺寸的中心突扩燃烧室为研究对象,分别进行了水流试验和大涡数值模拟.结果表明大涡模拟方法可以较好地刻画该型燃烧室内的流动过程;在剪切层中出现明显的旋涡结构,旋涡的产生、发展、脱落、破碎影响着燃烧室的流动状态;燃烧室的突扩比和进气道入口流速对速度脉动的强度和频率有不同程度的影响.     

水击压力传感器现场校准方法研究

介绍了发动机试验水击压力测量的重要性,水击压力传感器进行现场校准方法研究的必要性.通过分析水击压力产生机理、水击压力传感器测量原理,以及对国内外动态校准系统比较分析,设计了水击压力传感器现场校准系统,提出水击压力传感器现场校准装置设计指标、工作方式,校准装置设计难点,同时介绍了现场校准系统的关键技术.并重点论述了水击压力传感器现场校准方法,对水击压力传感器现场试验数据和发动机试验数据进行了比对,分析了水击压力现场校准装置的设计可行性.最后利用校准装置进行了水击压力传感器现场校准试验,对现场校准数据进行计算分析,得到水击压力传感器灵敏度系数、系统校准曲线和上升时间等.还针对试验中水击压力测量干扰信号提出了抗干扰措施.     

民用航空发动机水洗时机决策方法

为了解决民用航空发动机定时水洗带来的水洗效果不明显或者未及时水洗的问题,对发动机水洗时机决策方法进行了研究.对水洗效果进行了分析,提出以期望水洗效果作为水洗时机确定的依据.考虑到水洗效果影响因素众多以及水洗样本容量小,将主成分分析与支持向量机结合起来,建立了发动机水洗效果预测模型.基于期望水洗效果以及预测的水洗效果确定合理的水洗时机.验证结果表明,建立的水洗效果预测模型优于多元线性回归模型,也优于单纯的支持向量机模型.     

飞机横航向飞行品质地面模拟试验

给出了飞机空间全姿态运动方程和发动机推力的数学模型；介绍了飞机横航向飞行品质指标的计算方法并进行了计算，其结果与作图法的结果相比误差较小，表明计算方法正确、可靠。同时还讨论了目标瞄准设计的基本原理。最后提出了飞机飞行品质指标的五种试验方法，通过模拟试验，证明所提出的试验方法正确、有效，可用于飞机飞行品质的研究，对飞机设计和其它飞行试验课题也有参考价值。     

底部二次流对塞式喷管影响的实验研究

基于单元塞式喷管的实验数据,研究了底部二次流对塞式喷管性能和底部特性的影响,测得了不同环境反压下塞锥表面的压强分布.实验表明,底部在不同压比下具有不同的气动状态.二次流的注入使底部开闭过渡点的压比值升高,底部开始提供推力的压比值下降,有利于避免底部开闭过渡时推力出现较大幅度降低.二次流流量达到主流的2.0%后,再加大底部二次流流量不再影响底部压强,过多地注入反而会降低塞式喷管的总体效率,1.5%～2.0%主流流量的二次流注入是比较好的选择.在低压比范围,塞锥表面有压强峰出现,随着高度的增加,压强峰后移并强度减弱.     

中国民航学院实验技术人员队伍现状及建设

从素质教育和创新人才培养角度出发,结合高校扩招,学分制实施,行业院校特色,介绍了民航学院实验技术队伍现状,以及加强队伍建设的紧迫性,提出了解决问题的一些思路。     

Water in Space: The Water World of ISO

In this review we present the main results obtained by the ISO satellite on the abundance and spatial distribution of water vapor in the direction of molecular clouds, evolved stars, galaxies, and in the bodies of our Solar System. We also discuss the modeling of H₂O and the difficulties found in the interpretation of the data, the need of collisional rates and the perspectives that future high angular and high spectral resolution observations of H₂O with the Herschel Space Observatory will open.     

模拟空间环境下小发动机羽流压力场

为研究空间发动机的羽流特性及其对卫星的污染,在模拟空间环境下,进行了电加热CO2气体模拟发动机羽流流场的试验测量和理论计算。试验台主要包括空间环境模拟系统,电热气体模拟发动机,稳压气源,测量系统及其温控。理论计算采用计算流体动力学(CFD)和直接模拟Monte Carlo(DSMC)相结合的方法,完成了羽流场的数值模拟。测试结果表明,试验系统满足在10-3Pa量级的真空压力和93±5 K的背景温度下稳定运行和精确测量。不同坐标位置处试验数据和数值结果的比较表明,试验测量和理论计算吻合较好。     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part I： Experimental Study of Bird Impact

The conditions of experiment for bird impact to blades have been improved. The experiment of bird impact to the fan rotor blades of an aeroengine is carried out. Through analyzing the transient state response of blades impacted by bird and the change of blade profile before and after the impact, the anti-bird impact performance of blades in the first fan rotor is verified. The basis of anti-foreign object damage design for the fan rotor blades of an aeroengine is provided.     

Ground experimental investigations into an ejected spray cooling system for space closed-loop application

Spray cooling has proved its superior heat transfer performance in removing high heat flux for ground applications.However,the dissipation of vapor–liquid mixture from the heat surface and the closed-loop circulation of the coolant are two challenges in reduced or zero gravity space environments.In this paper,an ejected spray cooling system for space closed-loop application was proposed and the negative pressure in the ejected condenser chamber was applied to sucking the two-phase mixture from the spray chamber.Its ground experimental setup was built and experimental investigations on the smooth circle heat surface with a diameter of 5 mm were conducted with distilled water as the coolant spraying from a nozzle of 0.51 mm orifice diameter at the inlet temperatures of 69.2 °C and 78.2 °C under the conditions of heat flux ranging from 69.76 W/cm~2 to 311.45 W/cm~2,volume flow through the spray nozzle varying from 11.22 L/h to 15.76 L/h.Work performance of the spray nozzle and heat transfer performance of the spray cooling system were analyzed;results show that this ejected spray cooling system has a good heat transfer performance and provides valid foundation for space closed-loop application in the near future.