200km/h动力分散型电动旅客列车组车体表面压力分布试验研究

阐述了对我国首列200km/h动力分散型电动旅客列车组(先锋号列车)车体表面压力分布测试情况,对测量结果进行了较为详细的分析,最后用流场计算软件CFX对先锋号列车周围流场进行了数值模拟计算,并将计算结果与测量结果进行了对比,两者有较好的一致性。该研究结果可为空调装置及电器设备冷却风道进排风口位置的选取提供科学依据。     

巨型晶闸管在大型直流电动机拖动中的应用

巨型晶闸管在国内首次成功地用于大型风洞的动力系统──大型直流电动机拖动系统中，使大型直流拖动的控制系统简化，１０００—３０００ｋＷ系统简化到一个三相全控桥式整流电路，或两个三相全控桥式整流电路并联输出的技术问题上，而且由于系统简单化，潜在的故障因素减少，可靠性增强，维护的工作量也大大减少。本文介绍风洞动力控制系统的实用调速方法，以及用计算机控制速压的方法。     

Radar Imaging of Mercury

Earth-based radar has been one of the few, and one of the most important, sources of new information about Mercury during the three decades since the Mariner 10 encounters. The emphasis during the past 15 years has been on full-disk, dual-polarization imaging of the planet, an effort that has been facilitated by the development of novel radar techniques and by improvements in radar systems. Probably the most important result of the imaging work has been the discovery and mapping of radar-bright features at the poles. The radar scattering properties of these features, and their confinement to permanently shaded crater floors, is consistent with volume backscatter from a low-loss volatile such as clean water ice. Questions remain, however, regarding the source and long-term stability of the putative ice, which underscores the need for independent confirmation by other observational methods. Radar images of the non-polar regions have also revealed a plethora of bright features, most of which are associated with fresh craters and their ejecta. Several very large impact features, with rays and other bright ejecta spreading over distances of 1,000 km or more, have been traced to source craters with diameters of 80–125 km. Among these large rayed features are some whose relative faintness suggests that they are being observed in an intermediate stage of degradation. Less extended ray/ejecta features have been found for some of the freshest medium-size craters such as Kuiper and Degas. Much more common are smaller (<40 km diameter) fresh craters showing bright rim-rings but little or no ray structure. These smaller radar-bright craters are particularly common over the H-7 quadrangle. Diffuse areas of enhanced depolarized brightness have been found in the smooth plains, including the circum-Caloris planitiae and Tolstoj Basin. This is an interesting finding, as it is the reverse of the albedo contrast seen between the radar-dark maria and the radar-bright cratered highlands on the Moon.     

用低纯原料制备电冰箱起动器PTCR的重要途经——热敏钛酸钡陶瓷第二相结晶

根据Al_2O_3-SiO_2系统相图,调整Al_2O_3,SiO_2添加剂比例,可在热敏钛酸钡陶瓷显微结构中形成莫来石结晶相,莫来石的形成改善了用国产低纯原料制备电冰箱起动器PTCR的性能。本文就莫来石第二相与PTCR性能关系进行了讨论。     

H2O2-PE固液火箭发动机低频不稳定燃烧研究

介绍了85％H2O2-PE固液火箭发动机的低频不稳定燃烧特征;应用发动机质量守恒方程对发动机低频耦合振荡燃烧现象进行了一维模拟,分析了氧化剂喷射压降对低频不稳定燃烧的影响。利用扰动分析确立了固液火箭发动机的稳定工作限。提出了抑制低频耦合振荡燃烧的方法。     

喷管扩散段型面对固体发动机性能的影响

通过计算喷管二维两相流和边界层比冲损失,研究了喷管扩散段型面对其性能的影响。研究结果表明：在喷管扩散段长度一定的情况下,膨胀比有一最佳值,超过该值,喷管性能反而下降;在膨胀比一定的情况下,在一定长度范围内喷管越长,其性能越高。从而得出,为使综合性能达到最佳,在一定膨胀比下喷管扩散段长度应取喷管出口直径的1～1．25倍。该结论可供设计人员参考。     

"爱国者PAC-3"型导弹主发动机装药药型反设计

对“爱国者PAC-3”型低空拦截导弹主发动机的装药药型进行了反设计,分析计算了开槽管形装药药型的优点。比较3种典型的开槽管形药型的压强-时间曲线,发现采用5槽大槽深非通透药型具有较好的综合性能,证明了“爱国者PAC-3”主发动机采用这一药型的原因所在。     

中国空间大功率微波部件微放电抑制表面处理技术最新进展

材料表面的二次电子发射会触发和维持空间高功率射频器件的共振雪崩放电现象,这种现象又被称为微放电效应。微放电效应是限制空间大功率微波部件应用的关键问题之一。从微放电作用的机理出发,首先介绍了两种微放电类型（单表面与双表面）的基本物理机理;然后总结了当前主流的微放电抑制方法并给出各自应用于空间大功率微波部件时的限制。针对空间大功率微波部件微放电抑制的特殊问题,综述了国内近5年来在表面处理法抑制微放电领域的研究成果并预测了微放电抑制技术的发展趋势。     

Modeling and analysis of mover gaps in tubular moving-magnet linear oscillating motors

A tubular moving-magnet linear oscillating motor (TMMLOM) has merits of high efficiency and excellent dynamic capability. To enhance the thrust performance, quasi-Halbach permanent magnet (PM) arrays are arranged on its mover in the application of a linear electro-hydrostatic actuator in more electric aircraft. The arrays are assembled by several individual segments, which lead to gaps between them inevitably. To investigate the effects of the gaps on the radial magnetic flux density and the machine thrust in this paper, an analytical model is built considering both axial and radial gaps. The model is validated by finite element simulations and experimental results. Distributions of the magnetic flux are described in condition of different sizes of radial and axial gaps. Besides, the output force is also discussed in normal and end windings. Finally, the model has demonstrated that both kinds of gaps have a negative effect on the thrust, and the linear motor is more sensitive to radial ones.     

Validation of non-linear split window algorithm for land surface temperature estimation using Sentinel-3 satellite imagery: Case study; Tehran Province,Iran

In recent years, land surface temperature (LST) has become critical in environmental studies and earth science. Remote sensing technology enables spatiotemporal monitoring of this parameter on large scales. This parameter can be estimated by satellite images with at least one thermal band. Sentinel-3 SLSTR data provide LST products with a spatial resolution of 1 km. In this research, direct and indirect validation procedures were employed to evaluate the Sentinel-3 SLSTR LST products over the study area in different seasons from 2018 to 2019. The validation method was based on the absolute (direct) evaluation of this product with field data and comparison (indirect) evaluation with the MODIS LST product and the estimated LST using the non-linear split-window (NSW) algorithm. Also, two emissivity estimation methods, (1) NDVI thresholding method (NDVI-THM) and (2) classification-based emissivity method (CBEM), were used to estimate the LST using the NSW method according to the two thermal bands of Sentinel-3 images. Then, the accuracy of these methods in estimating LST was evaluated using field data and temporal changes of vegetation, which the NDVI-THM method generated better results. For indirect evaluation between the Sentinel-3 LST product, MODIS LST product, and LST estimated using NSW, four filters based on spatial and temporal separates between pairs of pixels and pixel quality were used to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the compared pairs of a pixel. In general, the accuracy results of the LST products of MODIS and Sentinel-3, and LST estimated using NSW showed a similar trend for LST changes during the seasons. With respect to the two absolute and comparative validations for the Sentinel-3 LST products, summer with the highest values of bias (?1.24 K), standard deviation (StDv = 2.66 K), and RMSE (2.43 K), and winter with the lowest ones (bias of 0.14 K, StDv of 1.13 K, and RMSE of 1.12 K) provided the worst and best results for the seasons in the period of 2018–2019, respectively. According to both absolute and comparative evaluation results, the Sentinel-3 SLSTR LST products provided reliable results for all seasons on a large temporal and spatial scale over our studied area.