Aquaculture in bio-regenerative life support systems (BLSS): Considerations

A significant amount of research has been invested into understanding the effects of including fish culture in bio-regenerative life support systems (BLSS) for long duration space habitation. While the benefits of fish culture as a sub-process for waste treatment and food production continue to be identified, other pressing issues arise that affect the overall equivalent system mass associated with fish culture in a BLSS. This paper is meant to provide insight into several issues affecting fish culture in a BLSS that will require attention in the future if fish meant for consumption are to be cultured in a BLSS.     

A satellite schedulability prediction algorithm for EO SPS

With notably few exceptions, the existing satellite mission operations cannot provide the ability of schedulability prediction, including the latest satellite planning service (SPS) standard-Sensor Planning Service Interface Standard 2.0 Earth Observation Satellite Tasking Extension (EO SPS) approved by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The requestor can do nothing but waiting for the results of time consuming batch scheduling. It is often too late to adjust the request when receiving scheduling failures. A supervised learning algorithm based on robust decision tree and bagging support vector machine (Bagging SVM) is proposed to solve the problem above. The Bagging SVM is applied to improve the accuracy of classification and robust decision tree is utilized to reduce the error mean and error variation. The simulations and analysis show that a prediction action can be accomplished in near real-time with high accuracy. This means the decision makers can maximize the probability of successful scheduling through changing request parameters or take action to accommodate the scheduling failures in time.     

Four-month Moon and Mars crew water utilization study conducted at the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station,Devon Island,Nunavut

A categorized water usage study was undertaken at the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station on Devon Island, Nunavut in the High Canadian Arctic. This study was conducted as part of a long duration four-month Mars mission simulation during the summer of 2007. The study determined that the crew of seven averaged 82.07 L/day over the expedition (standard deviation 22.58 L/day). The study also incorporated a Mars Time Study phase which determined that an average of 12.12 L/sol of water was required for each crewmember. Drinking, food preparation, hand/face, oral, dish wash, clothes wash, shower, shaving, cleaning, engineering, science, plant growth and medical water were each individually monitored throughout the detailed study phases. It was determined that implementing the monitoring program itself resulted in an approximate water savings of 1.5 L/day per crewmember. The seven person crew averaged 202 distinct water draws a day (standard deviation 34) with high water use periods focusing around meal times. No statistically significant correlation was established between total water use and EVA or exercise duration. Study results suggest that current crew water utilization estimates for long duration planetary surface stays are more than two times greater than that required.     

压电陶瓷柱体中裂纹前缘场分析

为了揭示含裂纹的压电陶瓷介质在机械载荷作用下裂纹前缘的力学和电学的奇异行为,以一承受扭矩的压电陶瓷柱体为例,求得了其中所含的圆币形裂纹前缘的应力场和电场移场。     

变截面梁的传递函数近似解法

把有限元法与传递函数方法相结合,发展了一种便于处理变系数微分方程的传递函数方法。这种方法把有限元位移假设作为传递函数方法中对变系数部分预估的基础,然后再利用传递函数方法的标准解法进行处理。作为应用实例,利用此方法对变截面梁进行了具体的分析,并作了数值模拟。结果表明本方法既保留了传递函数方法的各种特点,又提高了单元的精度。     

导航卫星系统总体研究及星座改进方案仿真

我国的双星导航定位系统是我国第一代卫星导航定位系统,采用“有源 应答”的定位机制,用于中、低动态用户的区域导航定位,与国外卫星导航定位系 统相比有自己的长处和不足。为满足对高速运动的精确制导武器导航定位的需 要,本文提出了一种星座改进方案,并进行了仿真研究。仿真结果显示此方案可 以满足在我国及周边地区导航定位的精度要求。     

基于ELMD与改进SMSVM的机械故障诊断方法

机械振动信号携带大量重要的机械状态信息,然而机械故障振动信号在复杂工作状态下通常呈现非平稳、非线性特性。因此,从振动信号抽取和选择有效的机械故障特征、提高故障识别性能,成为机械故障诊断研究的热点。针对上述问题,本文提出了基于集成局部均值分解(Ensemble local means decomposition,ELMD)与改进的稀疏多尺度支持向量机(Sparse multiscale support vector machine,SMSVM)的机械故障诊断方法。该方法首先使用自适应非线性、非平稳信号处理方法 ELMD把多模态调制故障信号分解成为多个单模态解调信号,有效地增强了故障特征。把压缩感知和多尺度分析技术融合于故障模式分类中,提出改进SMSVM旋转机械故障识别方法,提高多类机械微弱故障数据模式识别性能。该方法融合稀疏表示、多尺度分析和SVM的优点,无需求解复杂的优化问题,易于推广至更多尺度SVM,具有计算量少、泛化性与鲁棒性好、物理意义明显等优点。人工数据和实验设备数据验证了本文算法的优越性。     

民用机场水泥道面维修计划的决策树模型

为使机场道面管理的辅助决策更加精确,满足智能化的要求,需要对现有网络级决策算法进行改进。本文基于信息熵的概念,提出了民用机场水泥道面维修计划的决策树模型。模型检验与评价结果表明,该模型结果准确性高,具有交叉有效性和自修正能力。使用上海浦东国际机场道面管理系统案例进行验证,可知与传统模型对比,决策树模型可以充分考虑道面使用性能、结构性能以及管理需求主观因素,决策结果更加符合工程实际。     

系统工程在大型客机运行支持系统研制中的应用综述

将商用飞机系统思想应用于产品运行支持系统研制过程中,从利益攸关方需要定义、功能分析、需求定义和适航约束限制、系统架构定义、接口定义、设计综合、验证确认到运行评审,完整地分析了产品运行支持系统研制的全过程,并给出产品运行支持系统全生命周期过程的模型与定义。该方法可以有效地将大型客机产品运行顶层需求分解至产品研制和运行支持系统研制需求中,并且通过过程集成以及技术集成将运行支持系统研制与飞机研制相结合,从而保证大型客机在满足适航型号合格审定（TC）和航空器评审（AEG）要求的同时,能够满足客户实际运行安全性和经济性需求。     

应用于飞机装配的并联机构技术发展综述

并联机构的闭链结构使其具有良好的精度、刚性及动态性能,可满足飞机装配的精度、效率需求,因此,以并联机构为构型主体的自动化装配装备正越来越多地应用于飞机装配中。首先,概述了当前并联机构发展现状及飞机装配体现出的新特点,分析了并联机构应用于飞机装配的优势。其次,从飞机装配零部件加工和飞机零部件装配调姿定位两个方面综述了应用于飞机装配并联机构的国内外发展现状。然后,探讨了并联机构主要的前沿研究问题,从并联机构可重构设计、性能评价及优化设计、精度建模和力/位协同控制等4个方面,详细分析了并联机构应用于飞机装配中的关键技术。最后,对并联机构应用在飞机装配中未来的发展方向和机遇做了展望。