矢阵及其在目标状态测量建模中的应用

本文通过对引入矢阵反对称叉积算子概念，得出了矢阵叉积算子同一般矢量列阵叉积算子之间的关系恒等式，揭示了两者之间的对称关系，由此关系非常方便地得到了矢阵运动学关系及其它一些常用关系，并把坐标变换阵对时间的导数推广到一般的情况，一个对目标雷达被动定位状态测量建模的实例表明了其实际应用意义。     

舰载飞机总体设计关键约束分析

舰载飞机除了必须具有陆基飞机应有的设计要求外,还需要考虑其特殊的起降方式和使用环境、独特的结构/机构设计特点等因素,其设计难度比陆基飞机大.本文以支援类舰载飞机为研究对象,分别从机/舰适配性、动力、结构、座舱设计等方面对舰载飞机总体设计过程中所遇到的主要问题和关键约束进行分析,总结归纳出舰载飞机设计时需要关注的特殊设计约束.在前期方案论证和初步设计阶段,为舰载飞机的总体设计提供了一定参考.     

舰面流场中起动位置对旋翼瞬态气弹响应影响

为研究舰面流场中直升机起动位置对旋翼瞬态气弹响应影响,通过CFD方法模拟得到舰面流场速度分布信息。旋翼动力学建模采用非线性准定常气动模型和中等变形梁假设,结合不同起动位置对动力学方程进行求解。结果表明:直升机起动位置越靠近舰艏和左舷,桨叶负向挥舞越大。在甲板中心1 m范围内,最靠近舰艏和左舷的位置负向最大位移可达159%旋翼半径,中心处负向最大位移仅为85%旋翼半径,源于靠近舰艏和左舷位置垂向气流变化梯度明显高于舰艉和右舷。研究表明舰面流场垂向气流变化梯度对旋翼瞬态气弹响应影响明显,改变直升机起动位置能有效降低旋翼瞬态气弹响应。     

等离子体热效应对NACA0012翼型增升减阻的研究

基于等离子体热效应机理,在来流速度为34m/s和攻角0～12°内,对NACA0012翼型在等离子体激励下的流场特性进行数值模拟。通过研究等离子体激励的位置和数量对翼型的升阻力特性的影响,得出翼型增升减阻的最佳位置和数量。为保证计算模型的准确性,将未激励的翼型流场参数与NASA实验数据进行对比验证。结果表明:未激励翼型的流场计算参数与实验结果吻合度较高;在等离子体单激励下,最佳减阻位置位于翼型下表面的前缘,最佳增升位置位于翼型下表面的后缘,且二者受攻角的影响较大;在翼型下表面的前缘和后缘同时施加激励时,翼型的减阻比约为20%,最大增升比为52%。     

分流叶片长度和周向位置对高压比离心压气机性能的影响

摘要：为揭示分流叶片长度和周向位置对高压比离心压气机性能的影响机制,采用数值方法考察了典型分流叶片长度和周向位置下压气机性能和流场结构。通过对压气机流场的详细分析,建立了分流叶片长度和周向位置参数与压气机流动结构的关联性。研究表明：分流叶片的优化设计需综合考虑长度和周向位置,采用60%长度和60%周向位置的分流叶片方案可获得最佳压气机级性能,该方案的压比和效率较设计值分别提高了3.2%和1.0%;分流叶片改善压气机性能的机制为分流叶片对主叶片泄漏涡的分流作用,以及分流叶片吸力面高速低压气流对泄漏涡的引射作用;进行分流叶片优化设计时,应合理选取叶片长度和周向安装位置,以实现分流叶片对主叶片泄漏涡的分流和引射,同时应避免分流叶片过长导致叶顶发生明显二次泄漏和分流叶片前缘形成高马赫区。     

地面支援设备飞机保护装置研究

为避免在使用过程中损伤飞机,飞机地面支援设备与飞机接触或可能接触的部位需设置保护装置。本文分析了目前飞机地面支援设备保护装置存在的问题,提出了设计原则,包括限制速度装置、各种保护装置的材料选择及其结构设计,并介绍了地面支援设备保护装置的发展方向。     

通用型直升机直接使用成本估算模型

研究一种可以在直升机总体方案设计阶段进行直接使用成本估算的方法.通过对通用型直升机样本数据资料的整理和回归分析,得到了用燃油消耗率和直接维护保障耗时率来衡量和估算直接使用成本大小的新方法,建立了通用型直升机直接使用成本的估算和比较模型,为通用型直升机总体设计阶段直接使用成本的评估提供了参考依据.     

Key ecological challenges for closed systems facilities

Closed ecological systems are desirable for a number of purposes. In space life support systems, material closure allows precious life-supporting resources to be kept inside and recycled. Closure in small biospheric systems facilitates detailed measurement of global ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles. Closed testbeds facilitate research topics which require isolation from the outside (e.g. genetically modified organisms; radioisotopes) so their ecological interactions and fluxes can be studied separate from interactions with the outside environment. But to achieve and maintain closure entails solving complex ecological challenges. These challenges include being able to handle faster cycling rates and accentuated daily and seasonal fluxes of critical life elements such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, macro- and mico-nutrients. The problems of achieving sustainability in closed systems for life support include how to handle atmospheric dynamics including trace gases, producing a complete human diet, recycling nutrients and maintaining soil fertility, the maintenance of healthy air and water and preventing the loss of critical elements from active circulation. In biospheric facilities, the challenge is also to produce analogues to natural biomes and ecosystems, studying processes of self-organization and adaptation in systems that allow specification or determination of state variables and cycles which may be followed through all interactions from atmosphere to soils. Other challenges include the dynamics and genetics of small populations, the psychological challenges for small isolated human groups and backup technologies and strategic options which may be necessary to ensure long-term operation of closed ecological systems.     

装备技术信息服务平台设计

通过装备技术信息服务平台应用的实践,为更广泛的推广积累有益经验.     

Theoretical performance analysis of electrochromic radiators for space suit thermal control

Variable emissivity electrochromics have been proposed as an enabling technology for integrating a radiator capability into a space suit in order to augment or replace the traditional means of heat rejection achieved via water sublimation. Thermal analysis was performed to establish design trade spaces and to provide operational guidelines and performance specifications for electrochromic technology development. Based on using the available surface area of an entire space suit as a radiator and the projected infrared emissivity modulation capability of state-of-the-art electrochromic material, the proposed application for space suit heat rejection suggests the potential exists to reduce or eliminate reliance on water consumption for thermal control within a defined range of metabolic and environmental boundary conditions.