面向非沿迹成像的姿态跟踪扩展观测器滑模控制

针对地面兴趣点不沿星下点轨迹的动态非沿轨迹成像问题,设计一种结合扩展状态观测器的非奇异快速终端滑模控制器。首先根据非沿轨迹成像模型的需求推导卫星姿态参考轨迹。其次,根据由误差四元数描述的跟踪误差运动模型设计了非奇异快速终端滑模控制律。考虑到干扰抑制,引入了扩展状态观测器来观测系统的总扰动,从而降低滑模控制律中的切换增益,削弱系统抖振。然后再用模糊自适应系统对切换项进行在线逼近,柔化控制信号,进一步减振。最后,对具有干扰和参数不确定的姿态控制系统进行了数值仿真,结果表明该方法收敛速度快,控制精度高。     

基于未知输入观测器的非线性动态系统故障估计

针对一类受扰非线性动态系统的执行器故障估计问题,提出一种未知输入观测器来实现故障估计。首先,通过坐标变换将原系统转化为合适的形式;其次,采用线性矩阵不等式与Lyapunov泛函分别设计H_∞输出反馈控制器和未知输入观测器,在此基础上实现对系统中执行器故障的渐近估计;最后,通过机械臂系统仿真分析并验证了所提方法的有效性。与已有方法相比,所提方法不要求故障可导,也不要求故障或干扰上界已知,因此易于在工程实际中实现对非线性系统执行器故障的估计。     

基于非线性未知输入观测器的航天器故障诊断

针对一类满足Lipschitz条件的非线性系统,设计了一组非线性未知输入观测器,并依据故障解耦的思想,产生结构化的残差集,实现非线性系统执行器的故障隔离。研究考虑了未知扰动对非线性系统的影响,并利用Lyapunov理论证明了所设计观测器的稳定性。最后,以三轴稳定卫星的姿态控制系统为对象,仿真验证了所提方法对各种典型执行器故障诊断的有效性。     

含扩张状态观测器的高超声速飞行器动态面姿态控制

针对高超声速飞行器复杂非线性、高不确定性和强通道耦合等特点,提出了一种飞行器姿态控制的非线性设计方法。根据高超声速飞行器无动力飞行的姿态运动方程组,给出一个可面向姿态控制的非线性设计模型。针对一类非线性系统,提出了一种基于扩张状态观测器（ESO）的动态逆设计方法,并通过动态面控制理论,将其应用于高超声速飞行器的三通道姿态控制中。仿真结果表明,相比基于传统动态逆的动态面控制方案,本文所提出的控制方案可以保证飞行器快速、精确地跟踪角位置指令,并且具备针对系统不确定性的强鲁棒性能。     

基于状态重构的吸气式高超声速飞行器鲁棒反演控制

针对吸气式高超声速飞行器参数不确定弹性体模型,仅考虑速度、高度和俯仰角速度可测的情况,提出了一种基于状态重构的鲁棒反演控制器设计方法。首先,将被控对象模型表示为严格反馈形式,分别采用动态逆和反演设计实际控制律和虚拟控制律;其次,引入反正切跟踪微分器来简化虚拟控制律求导运算,并用于对弹道角和攻角进行状态重构;最后,为了保证反演控制器的鲁棒性,基于非线性-线性跟踪微分器,设计了一种新型非线性干扰观测器,可实现对模型不确定项的精确估计和补偿。仿真结果表明,所提策略取得了较高的状态重构精度,控制器能够克服模型不确定项的影响,且能保证速度和高度对参考输入的稳定跟踪。     

一种新型的内置式永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制策略

针对内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)在低速域运行时模型参考自适应观测器对电机参数变化敏感、位置检测精度低以及鲁棒性差等缺点,提出了通过利用电机本体的参考模型和相应可调模型的差值构造滑模面,取代了传统模型参考自适应观测器中采用PI调节器作为自适应机构的做法,并且采用模糊控制器自适应调整滑模增益以抑制滑模运动的抖振。在MATLAB/Simulink环境下搭建了仿真模型。仿真表明:在外部扰动以及电机参数变化时,估计转速和转子位置均能跟踪到实际的转速和转子位置。     

Anti-disturbance attitude control of combined spacecraft with enhanced control allocation scheme

In this paper, we propose a novel anti-disturbance attitude control law for combined spacecraft with an improved closed-loop control allocation scheme. More specifically, a saturated approach is adopted to guarantee the global asymptotic stability under control input saturation. To enhance the robustness of the system, a nonlinear disturbance observer is constructed to compensate the disturbances caused by inertial parameter uncertainty and unmodeled dynamics. Next, the quadratic programming algorithm is used to obtain an optimal open-loop control allocation scheme, where both energy consumption and actuator saturation have been considered in the allocation of the virtual control command. Then, a modified closed-loop control allocation scheme is proposed to reduce the allocation error under the actuator uncertainty. Finally, stability analysis of the closed-loop system with the proposed allocation scheme is provided. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

基于扩展状态观测器的电动负载模拟器反演滑模控制

针对电动负载模拟器中存在的强位置扰动、摩擦、间隙非线性以及参数时变等不确定干扰,提出了一种基于扩展状态观测器的反演滑模控制策略。基于反演设计的思想,将电动负载模拟器分解为负载力矩子系统和永磁同步电机驱动子系统。对负载力矩子系统,利用带有滤波器的扩展状态观测器,消除量测噪声对系统的影响,同时估计出系统中存在的干扰,而后采用比例趋近滑模控制律,得出负载力矩子系统所对应的虚拟控制量;对永磁同步电机驱动子系统,利用常规扩展状态观测器估计出子系统中的复合扰动,采用非奇异终端滑模控制律,消除观测误差以及干扰对系统的影响,并得出系统所需的最终控制量。最后,利用李雅普诺夫方法证明了电动负载模拟器的稳定性,并通过实验验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Switching control of morphing aircraft based on Q-learning

This paper investigates a switching control strategy for the altitude motion of a morphing aircraft with variable sweep wings based on Q-learning. The morphing process is regarded as a function of the system states and a related altitude motion model is established. Then, the designed controller is divided into the outer part and inner part, where the outer part is devised by a combination of the back-stepping method and command filter technique so that the ‘explosion of complexity’ problem is eliminated. Moreover, the integrator structure of the altitude motion model is exploited to simplify the back-stepping design, and disturbance observers inspired from the idea of extended state observer are devised to obtain estimations of the system disturbances. The control input switches from the outer part to the inner part when the altitude tracking error converges to a small value and linear approximation of the altitude motion model is applied. The inner part is generated by the Q-learning algorithm which learns the optimal command in the presence of unknown system matrices and disturbances. It is proved rigorously that all signals of the closed-loop system stay bounded by the developed control method and controller switching occurs only once. Finally, comparative simulations are conducted to validate improved control performance of the proposed scheme.     

Modeling and flapping vibration suppression of a novel tailless flapping wing micro air vehicle

This paper establishes and analyzes a high-fidelity nonlinear time-periodic dynamic model and the corresponding state observer for flapping vibration suppression of a novel tailless Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle(FWMAV), named NPU-Tinybird. Firstly, a complete modeling of NPU-Tinybird is determined, including the aerodynamic model based on the quasi-steady method, the kinematic and dynamic model about the mechanism of flapping and attitude control,combined with the single rigid body dynamic mod...