基于导弹羽烟紫外辐射的日盲型探测器

日盲型紫外探测器件是紫外告警技术的关键技术。介绍了目标(导弹羽烟)与背景的紫外辐射特征,讨论了紫外探测器件发展及特点。     

Quantum dosimetry and online visualization of X-ray and charged particle radiation in commercial aircraft at operational flight altitudes with the pixel detector Timepix

We investigate the application of the hybrid semiconductor pixel detector Timepix for precise characterization, quantum sensitivity dosimetry and visualization of the charged particle radiation and X-ray field inside commercial aircraft at operational flight altitudes. The quantum counting capability and granularity of Timepix provides the composition and spectral-characteristics of the X-ray and charged-particle field with high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, high spatial resolution and particle type resolving power. For energetic charged particles the direction of trajectory and linear energy transfer can be measured. The detector is operated by the integrated readout interface FITPix for power, control and data acquisition together with the software package Pixelman for online visualization and real-time data processing. The compact and portable radiation camera can be deployed remotely being controlled simply by a laptop computer. The device performs continuous monitoring and accurate time-dependent measurements in wide dynamic range of particle fluxes, deposited energy, absorbed dose and equivalent dose rates. Results are presented for in-flight measurements at altitudes up to 12 km in various flights selected in the period 2006–2013.     

LaBr3(Ce)元件破损在线监测关键核素确定及效率校准

常用的元件破损在线监测方法受外在因素影响较大，以γ能谱中关键裂变产物核素比活度进行在线定量分析是一种可靠的元件破损监测方法。针对新型LaBr₃(Ce)元件破损监测仪，设计了元件破损模拟实验，对逸出的裂变产物采用HPGe和LaBr₃(Ce)探测器进行了对比测量。通过不同冷却时间γ能谱的核素分析，确定了¹³⁵Xe，⁸⁸Kr，¹³⁸Xe，⁸⁸Rb，¹³⁸Cs等可作为LaBr₃(Ce)元件破损γ能谱监测的关键核素。同时，制备了覆盖能量范围(250～2 400)keV，含⁶⁰Co，¹³⁷Cs，¹³³Ba；²⁴¹Am，¹⁵²Eu；¹⁰⁹Cd，⁸⁸Y，⁵⁷Co及²⁴Na的4组放射性标准溶液，在建立的效率校准系统上，校准了LaBr₃(Ce)在线监测仪的效率。在反应堆一次异常情况分析中，已校准的LaBr₃(Ce)元件破损监测仪对关键核素的现场分析结果与HPGe的取样分析结果一致，表明效率校准结果准确，校准方法可靠。     

一种用于 ACAS 的相位校准方法

校准是用于 ACAS 发射机的一项关键技术,本文给出了一种新的基于比相的实时校准方法,去除了发射通道幅度对通道相位差的影响,介绍了该方法的原理,并在 FPGA 硬件平台上完成了该方法的仿真和验证,通过实测数据的分析与处理,证明了这种方法的可行性     

检波器谐振频率数学模型及其频响误差的修正

峰值检波器的频响误差在高频段主要是由分布参数产生的高频谐振误差。本文利用实测数据建立了检波器谐振频率数学模型，根据模型的预测值对检波器和了频响误差修正。计量检定表明修正后的频响误差大大减小。     

飞机的模型参考容错控制

 本文针对飞机内部元件或控制元件的故障,用检测滤波器理论设计了相应的故障检测器和故障参数估计器,并用Lyapunov稳定性理论设计了模型参考自适应容错控制律,从而保证了在内部故障情况下飞行控制系统的稳定性。     

基于高灵敏超导探测器的新型脉冲光高精度光纤陀螺技术研究

高精度光纤陀螺的精度主要由光纤陀螺检测噪声决定,一般可用角随机游走系数来表征,光纤陀螺的角随机游走主要由光路干涉信号的信噪比和信号处理引入的噪声决定。提出了基于高灵敏超导探测器的脉冲光高精度光纤陀螺技术方案和精度提升方法,实现了陀螺光信号的高灵敏检测,显著降低了光纤陀螺的热噪声,降低了相对强度噪声,并避免了连续光因调制切换引入的尖峰脉冲误差的影响,有效提升了光纤陀螺的精度水平。通过仿真分析,可将光纤陀螺的随机游走系数检测极限从3.53×10-5(°)/h1/2降低至1.6×10-5(°)/h1/2,减小了约54.7%。     

脉冲涡流无损检测技术及其用于航空航天材料缺陷检测的研究进展

对飞行器材料内部缺陷情况的及时有效检测,可实现对飞行器等重要器件材料缺陷而引起的风险作出预判,避免航空航天事故的发生。文章在回顾脉冲涡流无损检测基本原理的基础上,综述了该技术的国内外相关研究进展及其在航空航天材料缺陷检测中的应用。进而结合北京航空航天大学相关实验室的研究项目,介绍了基于超导量子干涉仪的脉冲涡流无损检测在微小缺陷检测方面的优势、相关技术和初步实验结果。     

MSM结构ZnO紫外探测器的制备及光电性能研究

采用磁控溅射方法,在石英衬底上制备了光电性能优良的ZnO紫外探测器。通过紫外光电性能测试、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察及X射线衍射(XRD)分析,研究了ZnO紫外探测器的光电特性。结果表明:探测器的光电流高出暗电流近3个数量级,紫外波段的光响应高出可见光波段近2个数量级,所制备ZnO紫外探测器达到了高辐射灵敏度和可见盲特性的要求。     

Novel approach of crater detection by crater candidate region selection and matrix-pattern-oriented least squares support vector machine

Impacted craters are commonly found on the surface of planets, satellites, asteroids and other solar system bodies. In order to speed up the rate of constructing the database of craters, it is important to develop crater detection algorithms. This paper presents a novel approach to automatically detect craters on planetary surfaces. The approach contains two parts: crater candidate region selection and crater detection. In the first part, crater candidate region selection is achieved by Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) detector. Matrix-pattern-oriented least squares support vector machine (MatLSSVM), as the matrixization version of least square support vector machine (SVM), inherits the advantages of least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), reduces storage space greatly and reserves spatial redundancies within each image matrix compared with general LSSVM. The second part of the approach employs MatLSSVM to design classifier for crater detection. Experimental results on the dataset which comprises 160 preprocessed image patches from Google Mars demonstrate that the accuracy rate of crater detection can be up to 88%. In addition, the outstanding feature of the approach introduced in this paper is that it takes resized crater candidate region as input pattern directly to finish crater detection. The results of the last experiment demonstrate that MatLSSVM-based classifier can detect crater regions effectively on the basis of KLT-based crater candidate region selection.