民用客机可变弯度机翼优化设计研究

远程宽体客机在实际飞行状态下,机翼变弯度有效减阻能够提升客机性能和飞行品质。以全机配平构型为研究对象,基于襟翼、扰流板偏转建立变弯度模型;采用RANS方程实现阻力的精确求解并建立响应面模型,对不同升力系数、马赫数的多个飞行状态进行变弯度减阻优化;在此基础上,对实际飞行过程中变弯度操作需求及综合减阻性能进行分析,并采用布雷盖公式评估机翼变弯度后全航段综合巡航效率。结果表明：在巡航马赫数飞行时,采用两次变弯度设置即可在较宽的升力系数范围内获得减阻收益;在10 km定高巡航时,机翼变弯度可使整个航段综合减阻1.9 cts,航时、航程提高0.72%;在8和10 km进行一次阶梯巡航,机翼变弯度可使整个航段综合减阻2.9 cts,航时、航程提高1.19%。     

基于Navier-Stokes方程跨声速翼型和机翼气动优化设计

将响应面方法引入到气动优化设计上来,进行了基于N-S方程跨声速翼型、机翼气动优化设计。通过去掉完全二阶多项式响应面模型中的二阶交叉项,大大减少了构造高维响应面模型所需要的计算量。合理地选择优化设计空间,保证了构造的响应面模型具有较高精度。跨声速翼型、机翼减阻优化算例结果表明该方法能有效地适用于气动优化设计问题,设计质量高,方法实用可靠,有较高的工程应用前景。     

大展弦比飞翼结构形状、尺寸综合优化设计

为了降低无人机机翼的结构重量,对某型大展弦比复合材料飞翼结构进行了形状与尺寸综合优化设计。在形状优化层次重点考虑主承力元件翼梁的位置,尺寸优化主要考虑各元件的几何尺寸。采用NASTRAN进行尺寸优化,并将优化结果作为复合形法进行形状优化迭代的根据。最后对整个结构的优化结果进行了详细有效的分析,可以看出,优化结果符合结构受力特点,减重效果明显。     

聚酰亚胺薄膜与碳网格共固化基板成型工艺研究

为满足未来深空探测对航天器太阳翼基板更高的耐温性需求,提出一种新型的太阳翼基板成型工艺方法：聚酰亚胺薄膜与碳网格面板共固化成型。重点研究了聚酰亚胺薄膜与网格面板的剥离性能、网格面板的拉伸性能、蜂窝夹层结构的弯曲性能、共固化基板的耐温性能,并与J-133胶粘贴聚酰亚胺薄膜的传统工艺进行对比。结果表明,共固化工艺的聚酰亚胺薄膜剥离强度约为传统工艺的2倍,且在140℃下的各项力学性能保持率均大于87%,具有很好的耐温性;共固化基板在经历-100~140℃热真空试验后,外观质量及各项性能均合格,满足太阳翼基板耐140℃及以下空间环境的使用需求。     

Design and experimental study of a new flapping wing rotor micro aerial vehicle

A three-wing Flapping Wing Rotor Micro Aerial Vehicle (FWR-MAV) which can perform controlled flight is introduced and an experimental study on this vehicle is presented. A mechanically driven flapping rotary mechanism is designed to drive the three flapping wings and generate lift, and control mechanisms are designed to control the pose of the FWR-MAV. A flight control board for attitude control with robust onboard attitude estimation and a control algorithm is also developed to perform stable hovering flight and forward flight. A series of flight tests was conducted, with hovering flight and forward flight tests performed to optimize the control parameters and assess the performance of the FWR-MAV. The hovering flight test shows the ability of the FWR-MAV to counteract the moment generated by rotary motion and maintain the attitude of the FWR-MAV in space; the experiment of forward flight shows that the FWR-MAV can track the desired attitude.     

机翼跨声速抖振数值模拟及模态分析

绕机翼的跨声速抖振流动是典型的复杂不稳定流动，对其非定常特性及失稳机制的研究具有重要的工程和学术价值。通过非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（URANS）仿真方法和动模态分解（DMD）分析手段，研究了CRM（Common Research Model）等典型机翼的跨声速抖振流动特性及其主要失稳模态。数值仿真结果表明机翼的跨声速抖振表现为多失稳模式下的宽频特性。除了激波的弦向失稳，还会伴随发生激波的展向失稳，它们都表现为低频特性。翼梢处的高频响应可能是由激波诱导的低频失稳与翼尖涡相互耦合形成。DMD分析结果显示机翼展长和后掠因素诱导了激波展向失稳模态。本研究对抖振流动的物理建模、控制及理解相关的气动弹性现象具有指导意义。     

Flight dynamics characteristics of canard rotor/wing aircraft in helicopter flight mode

The aerodynamic layout of the Canard Rotor/Wing(CRW) aircraft in helicopter flight mode differs significantly from that of conventional helicopters. In order to study the flight dynamics characteristics of CRW aircraft in helicopter mode, first, the aerodynamic model of the main rotor system is established based on the blade element theory and wind tunnel test results. The aerodynamic forces and moments of the canard wing, horizontal tail, vertical tail and fuselage are obtained via theoretical analysis and empirical formula. The flight dynamics model of the CRW aircraft in helicopter mode is developed and validated by flight test data. Next, a method of model trimming using an optimization algorithm is proposed. The flight dynamics characteristics of the CRW are investigated by the method of linearized small perturbations via Simulink. The trim results are consistent with the conventional helicopter characteristics, and the results show that with increasing forward flight speed, the canard wing and horizontal tail can provide considerable lift,which reflects the unique characteristics of the CRW aircraft. Finally, mode analysis is implemented for the linearized CRW in helicopter mode. The results demonstrate that the stability of majority modes increases with increasing flight speed. However, one mode that diverges monotonously,and the reason is that the CRW helicopter mode has a large vertical tail compared to the conventional helicopter. The results of the dynamic analysis provide optimization guidance and reference for the overall design of the CRW aircraft in helicopter mode, and the model developed can be used for control system design.     

In-plane corrugated cosine honeycomb for 1D morphing skin and its application on variable camber wing

A novel 0-Poisson’s ratio cosine honeycomb support structure of flexible skin is proposed. Mechanical model of the structure is analyzed with the energy method, finite element method (FEM) and experiments have been performed to validate the theoretical model. The in-plane characteristics of the cosine honeycomb are compared with accordion honeycomb through analytical models and experiments. Finally, the application of the cosine honeycomb on a variable camber wing is studied. Studies show that mechanical model agrees well with results of FEM and experiments. The transverse non-dimensional elastic modulus of the cosine honeycomb increases (decreases) when the wavelength or the wall width increases (decreases), or when the amplitude decreases (increases). Compared with accordion honeycomb, the transverse non-dimensional elastic modulus of the cosine honeycomb is smaller, which means the driving force is smaller and the power consumption is less during deformation. In addition, the cosine honeycomb can satisfy the deform- ing requirements of the variable camber wing.     

一种机翼弯剪载荷包线近似计算方法

在机翼静强度初步设计中,为了快速准确地得到其载荷包线并用于确定翼盒结构基本参数,提出一种近似计算方法。通过比较多种重量估算方法,发现三角形分布能较好地拟合机翼重量。考虑到大型民用运输机飞行临界过载和集中载荷等特性,综合利用Schrenk升力分布和三角形重量分布,得到在飞行载荷下的一种近似计算机翼剪力和弯矩载荷包线方法。通过分析两机翼风洞试验数据得到的机翼剪力和弯矩包线,证明该近似方法是可行的。     

公务机机翼气动外形优化研究

随着世界经济贸易的发展,轻中型公务机愈发受到客户的青睐。为了进一步提升高速涡扇公务机的总体气动性能,本文采用基于全速势方程（TRANAIR）的流场快速求解方法,集成序列二次规划（SQP）优化算法和类函数/型函数变换（CST）自由变形（FFD）技术,对某轻中型高速涡扇公务机机翼进行多点优化设计研究,并对优化结果进行对比分...