基于等离子体激励的飞翼布局飞行器气动力矩控制

以飞翼布局飞行器所面临的飞行控制问题为背景,采用气动力测量技术和粒子图像测速(PIV)技术,在来流风速为8.2 m/s时,研究了介质阻挡放电等离子体激励器对飞翼布局飞行器气动力矩的作用.研究结果表明:在飞行器不同位置布置不同的激励器,可以实现对飞行器滚转、偏航及俯仰力矩的控制;改变激励电压,实现了对气动力矩的比例控制;通过与常规舵面的舵效进行比较,采用等离子体激励器获得的气动力矩控制,可以达到常规舵面一定偏转角度的控制效果.流场测量结果表明:等离子体激励器对飞翼布局飞行器气动力矩的控制,主要是通过控制流动分离和前缘涡破碎点位置的变化来实现的.因此,可以考虑应用等离子体流动控制技术来增强传统的舵面控制,并在提高控制效率的基础上,使其成为一种新型的飞行控制方式.     

大展弦比机翼低速静气动弹性模型的设计、制作和风洞试验

通过弹性相似模型的风洞试验研究大展弦比机翼在弹性变形下的气动特性是研究飞机静气动弹性特性的重要手段。发展了一种静气动弹性模型低速风洞试验技术,针对某大展弦比机翼,设计、制作了缩比弹性结构相似模型,在南京航空航天大学NH03风洞进行了低速静气动特性风洞试验。详细介绍了弹性模型的各项技术和风洞试验结果,结果表明该项技术适合大展弦比机翼静气动弹性特性的研究,试验结果可作为大展弦比机翼设计的重要参考。     

A review of bird-like flapping wing with high aspect ratio

Bird-like flapping-wing vehicles with a high aspect ratio have the potential to fulfill missions given to micro air vehicles, such as high-altitude reconnaissance, surveillance, rescue, and bird group guidance, due to their good loading and long endurance capacities. Biologists and aeronautical researchers have explored the mystery of avian flight and made efforts to reproduce flapping flight in bioinspired aircraft for decades. However, the cognitive depth from theory to practice is still very limited. The mechanism of generating sufficient lift and thrust during avian flight is still not fully understood. Moving wings with unique biological structures such as feathers make modeling, simulation, experimentation, and analysis much more difficult. This paper reviews the research progress on bird-like flapping wings from flight mechanisms to modeling. Commonly used numerical computing methods are briefly compared. The aeroelastic problems are also highlighted. The results of the investigation show that a leading-edge vortex can be found during avian flight. Its induction and maintenance may have a close relationship with wing configuration, kinematics and deformation. The present models of flapping wings are mainly two-dimensional airfoils or three-dimensional single root-jointed geometric plates, which still exhibit large differences from real bird wings. Aeroelasticity is encouraged to consider the nonignorable effect on aerodynamic performance due to large-scale nonlinear deformation. Introducing appropriate flexibility can improve the peak values and efficiencies of lift and thrust, but the detailed conclusions always have strong background dependence.     

大展弦比机翼流固耦合迭代求解模拟

基于某型变掠翼气动布局概念构型,结合适应于大展弦比机翼的复合材料结构设计,构建基于数据通讯的流动数值方法与结构有限元分析相互迭代的流固耦合分析平台,讨论布局在不同飞行条件下的机翼流固特性,解决大尺度结构气动弹性的耦合作用方式及准确计算的方法问题.算例结果表明流固耦合迭代求解计算方法高效、合理,较为准确地获得了大尺度结构变形后的布局气动特性改变特征,完善了特殊布局的气动特性仿真方法.     

应用训练效能评估高级教练机方案设计

以最高的训练效能作为目标函数,采用SIMPLEX多变量数值寻优方法,建立了高级教练机方案设计的评估系统。叙述了计算高教机训练效能的作战分析法和其他模块。通过某机双三角机翼平面形状的优选,表明系统具有较高的实用性,并与工程实践相吻合。     

一种小边条飞机的低速气动特性及其外翼分离控制研究

油流试验表明,迎角α＝８°时,小边条机翼的外翼上就出现分离区。通过加翼刀或锯齿或缩短翼展都可以抑制分离区的发展。试验表明,采用加双翼刀和缩短翼展的组合方案,可以使升力曲线随迎角的变化直到α＝１６°都是线性的。     

基于多控制面的二元机翼扭转变形抑制研究

针对前掠机翼的扭转发散,以加装前、后缘控制面且刚心靠后的二元机翼为模型,基于CFD/CSD松耦合静气弹数值计算方法,提出了一种基于多控制面的二元机翼扭转变形抑制方法。计算结果表明,前缘控制面单独上偏时,气动特性较差,扭转变形特性较好;后缘控制面单独下偏时,气动特性较好,扭转变形特性较差;前、后缘控制面联合偏转时,融合了两者单独偏转时各自的优势,在尽量减少气动性能损失的基础上降低了扭转变形峰值。该研究可为多控制面在前掠翼扭转发散主动抑制中的应用提供参考。     

Transient aeroelastic responses and flutter analysis of a variable-span wing during the morphing process

To investigate the transient aeroelastic responses and flutter characteristics of a variablespan wing during the morphing process,a novel frst-order state-space aeroelastic model is proposed.The time-varying structural model of the morphing wing is established based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory with time-dependent boundary conditions.A nondimensionalization method is used to translate the time-dependent boundary conditions to be time-independent.The time-domain aerodynamic forces are calculated by the reduced-order unsteady vortex lattice method.The morphing parameters,i.e.,wing span length and morphing speed,are of particular interest for understanding the fundamental aeroelastic behavior of variable-span wings.A test case is proposed and numerical results indicate that the flutter characteristics are sensitive to both of the two morphing parameters.It could be noticed that the aeroelastic characteristics during the wing extracting process are more serious than those during the extending process at the same morphing speed by transient aeroelastic response analysis.In addition,a faster morphing process can get better aeroelastic performance while the mechanism comlexity will arise.     

80°／65°双三角翼滚转稳定特性预测研究

在FL-23风洞中开展了80°／65°双三角翼大迎角下的滚转特性研究．包括静态测力试验．动导数试验和自由滚转试验,通过静态测力试验及动导数试验获得了双三角翼模型在大迎角条件下的滚转力矩特性以及动导数特性,从而对双三角翼大迎角条件下的滚转运动特性进行了预测．最后通过自由摇滚试验对预测结果进行了验证。研究结果表明随着模型迎角的增加,双三角翼呈现不同的滚转运动形态,包括静态稳定、舣周期震荡、准极限环摇滚．通过静态气动力及动导数可以较准确地对模型的运动形态及对应的迎角范围进行预测。     

用全位势方程计算侧滑机翼的跨声速绕流特性

本文对大后掠小展弦比细长机翼，由垂直于机翼纵轴的每一横流截面生成Ｏ型网格，从而形成对机翼流场的Ｈ－Ｏ型网格，用守恒型全位势方程，差分方法和隐式近似因式分解ＡＦ２迭代算法计算侧滑机翼的流场。