基于虚温定义的粘弹性有限元方法

基于NARAYANASWAMY提出的虚温定义,用虚温表示的温度变化产生的折算应变率替代Swanson模型中的应变率修正函数,获得了基于虚温定义的粘弹性材料的应力应变本构方程,并导出基于虚温定义的粘弹性非线性有限单元法计算公式。计算结果验证了此基于虚温定义的粘弹性分析方法的正确性。     

New improved orbit solutions for the ERS-1 and ERS-2 satellites

Improved orbit solutions of the European Remote Sensing Satellites ERS-1 and ERS-2 have been computed in the ITRF2005 terrestrial reference frame using the recent models based mainly on IERS Conventions 2003. These solutions cover the periods 3 August 1991 to 8 July 1996 for ERS-1, and 3 May 1995 to 4 July 2003 for ERS-2. For each satellite, the final orbit solution is based on a combination of three separate orbit solutions independently computed at the Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS) of the Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands), the Navigation Support Office of the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC, Germany) and the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (Germany) using three different software packages for precise orbit determination, but using the same models in the same terrestrial reference frame within the European Space Agency (ESA) project ‘Reprocessing of Altimeter Products for ERS (REAPER)’. Validation using radar altimeter data indicates that the new combined orbits of ERS-1 and ERS-2 computed by us are significantly more accurate, approaching the 2–3 cm level in radial direction, than previously available orbit solutions.     

Identification of high energy solar particle signals on the Mexico City neutron monitor database

We performed a search for ground level solar cosmic ray enhancements on the full five minute database of the Mexico City neutron monitor using wavelet filters and two different statistical tests. We present a detailed analysis of the time series of November 2, 1992, where we found a previously unreported increment matching the onset time of the impulsive phase of GLE 54, thus providing evidence of an effective detection of high energy solar cosmic rays.     

Three-Dimensional Stress Fields in Finite Thickness Plate with Hole Under Shear Load

The theoretical solutions are obtained for the three-dimensional(3-D)stress field in an infinite isotropic elastic plate with a through-the-thickness circular hole subjected to shear load at far field by using Kane and Mindlin′s assumption based on the stress function method.Based on the present solutions,the characteristics of 3-D stress field are analyzed and the emphasis is placed on the effects of the plate thickness and Poisson′s ratio on the deviation of the present 3-D in-plane stress from the related plane stress solutions,the stress concentration and the out-of-plane constraint.The present solutions show that the stress concentration factor reaches its peak value of about 8.9% which is higher than that of the plane stress solutions.As expected,the out-of-plane stress constraint factor can reach 1on the surface of the hole when the plate is a very thick one.     

声波激振破坏的机理及条件研究

从微观层面而言,物体在声波激励共振中发生了失效破坏,显然是因为出现了破坏物质微观粒子之间结合力的因素。在大气中运动传播的声波进入物质体后转换为应力波,这种应力波(能量)的传导、扩散和聚集交合方式会对物质微观粒子结合薄弱之处的结合力产生影响。这是因为当声波作为外激励源能量作用于物质粒子并大到一定程度时,特别是在两个纵波对撞或在变向结构交汇处出现回波激振效应时,会使粒子间出现异常的能量变化,从而破坏了粒子间相对稳定的平衡状态。如果物体中的粒子大量失衡,就会对物体产生整体结构性破坏作用,使物体结构强度下降、出现裂纹,甚至完全失效。     

Expression of estrogen receptor α in human breast cancer cells regulates mitochondrial oxidative stress under simulated microgravity

This study investigated intracellular oxidative stress and its underlying mechanisms in a rotary cell culture system used to achieve a simulated microgravity (SMG) environment. Experiments were conducted with human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (an estrogen receptor (ER) α positive cell line) and MDA-MB-231 (an ERα negative cell line) encapsulated in alginate/collagen carriers. After 48 h, SMG led to oxidative stress and DNA damage in the MDA-MB-231 cells but a significant increase in mitochondrial activity and minimal DNA damage in the MCF-7 cells. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased in the MCF-7 cells and decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells in the SMG environment compared with a standard gravity control. Moreover, SMG promoted expression of ERα and protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon in MCF-7 cells treated with PKC inhibitor Gö6983. Overall, exposure to SMG increased mitochondrial activity in ERα positive cells but induced cellular oxidative damage in ERα negative cells. Thus, ERα may play an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress damage under simulated microgravity.     

李萨如图在磁记忆二维定量检测中的应用

依据磁记忆二维检测原理,将磁信号法向分量存在过零点,切向分量存在最大值联合起来检测,并引入李萨如图分析法,对用法向分量和切向分量合成的类李萨如图以及将法向分量和切向分量微分后合成的李萨如图进行比较分析,得出可以利用微分后合成的李萨如图封闭区域面积的大小来判断应力集中程度及用在不同的应力集中程度下李萨如图面积数量级作为阈值的结论.从而可为利用李萨如图分析法对磁记忆二维检测进行定量分析的进一步研究提供试验分析依据.     

基于XDPS-400的汽包水位控制系统

结合小型热电厂给水系统设备的实际情况和动态特性,以控制理论与计算机技术为基础,利用新华控制公司XDPS-400为控制核心,采用模糊控制策略设计水位控制系统,使机组能够安全经济运行.     

带冠预扭涡轮叶片模态分析及动应力测试验证

介绍了航空发动机带冠预扭涡轮叶片非线性接触预应力模态分析机理,并以ANSYS软件为平台,对某型涡轴发动机动力涡轮叶片进行了模态分析。结果表明：非线性接触预应力模态分析方法得到的叶片盘9～13节径1阶频率与动应力测试频率在变化规律上保持一致,差别基本稳定在12%～13%,计算精度较传统方法有了明显的提高。     

The challenges in long-term altimetry calibration for addressing the problem of global sea level change

Long-term change of the global sea level resulting from climate change has become an issue of great societal interest. The advent of the technology of satellite altimetry has modernized the study of sea level on both global and regional scales. In combination with in situ observations of the ocean density and space observations of Earth’s gravity variations, satellite altimetry has become an essential component of a global observing system for monitoring and understanding sea level change. The challenge of making sea level measurements with sufficient accuracy to discern long-term trends and allow the patterns of natural variability to be distinguished from those linked to anthropogenic forcing rests largely on the long-term efforts of altimeter calibration and validation. The issues of long-term calibration for the various components of the altimeter measurement system are reviewed in the paper. The topics include radar altimetry, the effects of tropospheric water vapor, orbit determination, gravity field, tide gauges, and the terrestrial reference frame. The necessity for maintaining a complete calibration effort and the challenges of sustaining it into the future are discussed.