Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

刚性基体高应变复合材料在空间可展结构中的应用及发展

梳理了空间可展结构的分类及发展趋势，从铰接可展结构-带簧铰链、杆状可展结构、面状可展结构及体可展结构四个方面调研了刚性基体高应变复合材料在空间可展结构中的应用现状，从力学和黏弹性特性方面提出了其在可展结构中的应用优势及需要考虑的问题。高模量、低密度、低膨胀系数的刚性基体高应变复合材料是空间可展结构的应用方向，而刚性基体高应变复合材料可展结构的设计方法，以及将其用于大尺寸可展结构的低成本和高精度制造工艺仍有很大的探索空间。     

导引头伺服机构消隙齿轮系统动力学特性分析

消隙齿轮广泛应用于导引头伺服机构惯性稳定平台传动系统中，用于消除回程误差，提高传动精度。目前，对消隙齿轮传动系统的动力学分析大多采用数值方法，然而在求解含时变啮合刚度和间隙的强非线性系统时耗时较长。本文利用集中质量法建立考虑时变啮合刚度的消隙齿轮系统动力学模型，通过对模型的无量纲及归一化处理，运用分段的增量谐波平衡法对消隙齿轮传动系统进行分析，并利用四阶Runge-Kutta法进行数值验证，研究了不同参数对消隙齿轮系统动力学特性的影响规律。结果表明:随扭簧刚度的提高，系统谐振频率也提高，且共振幅值降低;随内部激励的增加、阻尼比的减小，系统由周期运动逐渐变为混沌运动，且共振幅值增大。     

芳Ⅲ编织绳动态拉伸性能研究

芳Ⅲ编织绳是常见的降落伞伞绳材料，在开伞过程中承受较大的冲击载荷，为研究其动态拉伸性能，文章以3.5-750芳Ⅲ编织绳为例，进行了动态拉伸试验及仿真模拟。首先使用万能强力机对3.5-750芳Ⅲ编织绳开展了4个不同应变率工况下的动态拉伸破坏试验，获得拉力-等效应变曲线，研究发现随拉伸应变率的增加，编织绳的断裂强力和弹性模量均增大，而断裂应变和韧性均减小。随后利用ABAQUS软件，建立了芳Ⅲ编织绳的纱线级有限元模型，依据试验结果对Johnson-Cook动态本构模型进行拟合及参数修正，并应用于编织绳动态拉伸破坏仿真，得到不同应变率下的仿真结果。与试验对比，研究表明，拟合、修正得到的Johnson-Cook动态本构模型可有效地模拟柔性编织绳动态拉伸行为，为柔性编织绳的动态力学性能研究提供了仿真手段。     

基于动力学模型的旋翼动平衡故障仿真及诊断

旋翼桨叶质量不平衡造成旋翼动不平衡,从而引起直升机振动。针对旋翼动不平衡故障,建立直升机动力学模型,对桨叶质量不平衡进行故障仿真及分析,建立质量不平衡故障与调整配重的对应关系；进而提出一种 BP神经网络和遗传算法结合的旋翼调整方法,建立输入参数与桨叶配重之间的模型,将四片桨叶的挥舞角和机体横滚、俯仰 2个方向的加速度值及相位作为网络输入,通过学习训练,根据输入数据预测调整配重,从而减小直升机 振动,解决旋翼动不平衡问题。     

基于光纤光栅的风机叶片应变与振动监测技术

为满足某型塔架式风电机组叶片的监测需求，提出了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅（Fiber Bragg grating,FBG）传感网络的结构监测方法。建立叶片三维模型并进行有限元仿真，获得其工作状态下的应变分布。设计FBG封装及布局方案，实时监测各传感点应变数值及变化规律。通过快速傅里叶变换分析其振动特性，探究温度、风速等环境因素对该监测系统可靠性的影响。结果表明，基于FBG的应变-振动测试方法能有效监测叶片对风压的载荷响应及振动频率，误差范围在0.04 Hz以内，满足实际工程需求。     

Energy efficient reactionless design of multi-arm space robot for a cooperative handshake maneuver

Space robots play a significant role in on-orbit capture, space structure construction, and assembly tasks. Since the robotic arms are attached to a free-floating satellite, the motion of the manipulator in such tasks and the satellite are coupled. Multiple-arm space robots can perform complex cooperative tasks and are superior to single-arm space robots. Current work proposes a reactionless manipulation algorithm for a multi-robotic arm based on the iterative Newton–Euler method for space robots with many task and balance arms. The present work demonstrates two tasks and one balance arm to perform a reactionless handshake maneuver in space. This maneuver is presented in detail for a planar and spatial case. The planar case uses 3 DoF robotic arms, while the spatial case uses 6 DoF robotic arms. In addition, the balance arm has been designed considering the efficient usage of energy satisfying reactionless manipulation concept. The design procedure focuses on minimizing energy used during the motion of the balance arm for a known motion of task arms using a genetic algorithm. Moreover, computational experiments are conducted to validate the use of the genetic algorithm for optimization. The results of proposed reactionless manipulation algorithm have been validated with the results available in the literature for the spatial case that uses a different method. In the future, an energy-efficient balance arm will be designed to handle tumbling objects.     

Analysis of crack initiation location and its influencing factors of fretting fatigue in aluminum alloy components

To promote the development of fretting fatigue assessment and control technology for aircraft components, this paper uses the Crystal Plasticity Finite Element(CPFE) method and sub-modeling technology to study the Crack Initiation Location(CIL) of fretting fatigue in Aluminum Alloy(AA) specimens. The effects of external excitations such as normal load, tangential load, and axial stress on the CIL are investigated. It is found that the Most Likely Cracked(MLC) site revealed in a specimen and the ...     

面向超燃数值模拟的正癸烷高温骨架机理

为了得到一个适用于超声速燃烧模拟的小规模正癸烷骨架机理，以现有的正癸烷燃烧机理（S709）为基础，通过机理简化和参数对比优化的方法，构建了包含27个物种和105个反应的高温骨架机理（S27）。在温度（T：1000–2000 K）、压力（p：0.1–0.3 MPa）、当量比（Φ：0.5–1.5）的超燃典型工况范围内，通过Chemkin-Pro软件计算了S27对于层流火焰速度、点火延迟时间、熄火拉伸率的预测值，在0.1 MPa富燃条件（Φ=1.7）下，计算了主要物种浓度分布，并与文献正癸烷骨架机理（S40，S96）、S709的模拟值和实验数据进行对比，以验证机理的合理性。结果表明S27的计算结果与文献实验数据和S709结果吻合良好。通过研究S27在高温条件下含C物种的反应途径以及影响层流火焰速度的关键反应，进一步证明了S27的合理性。相较于S709及其他正癸烷骨架机理，S27极大地提升了计算效率，展现了此机理应用于超燃流场数值模拟的良好前景。     

TC4钛合金激光冲击强化数值模拟

采用连续显式动态冲击策略对航空用TC4钛合金进行激光冲击强化数值模拟研究.根据冲击波能量变化曲线确定单次冲击求解时间为3000ns,并分析了应力波传播过程.在此基础上开展多点冲击模拟,分析了功率密度、冲击次数和光斑搭接率对残余应力、应变场的影响.得出增加功率密度对增大表面残余压应力的效果更好;增加冲击次数对增大残余压应...