Viability of barley seeds after long-term exposure to outer side of international space station

Barley seeds were exposed to outer space for 13 months in a vented metal container without a climate control system to assess the risk of physiological and genetic mutation during long-term storage in space. The space-stored seeds (S0 generation), with an 82% germination rate in 50 seeds, lost about 20% of their weight after the exposure. The germinated seeds showed normal growth, heading, and ripening. The harvested seeds (S1 generation) also germinated and reproduced (S2 generation) as did the ground-stored seeds. The culm length, ear length, number of seed, grain weight, and fertility of the plants from the space-stored seeds were not significantly different from those of the ground-stored seeds in each of the S0 and S1 generation. Furthermore, the S1 and S2 space-stored seeds respectively showed similar β-glucan content to those of the ground-stored seeds. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis with 16 primer combinations showed no specific fragment that appears or disappears significantly in the DNA isolated from the barley grown from the space-stored seeds. Though these data are derived from nine S0 space-stored seeds in a single exposure experiment, the results demonstrate the preservation of barley seeds in outer space for 13 months without phenotypic or genotypic changes and with healthy and vigorous growth in space.     

数字存储示波器数据处理系统设计

基于传统单处理器系统有限的数据处理能力正逐渐成为示波器整机的瓶颈,作者设计了一种基于可编程系统芯片(System on programm ablech ip,SOPC)结构,用于1 GHz采样速率数字存储示波器(Digital storageos-cilloscope,DSO)的数据处理系统。系统中,根据模数转换器特征为其设计了具有数据缓存功能的接口单元;以A ltera Nios II/f软核为基础完成了专用微处理器的设计;针对DSO数据处理特征构建了4个并行处理电路;同时,系统还实现了液晶显示屏(LCD)的硬件驱动。SOPC结构的引入,使得该系统在具备强大数据处理能力的同时,具有低功耗和高集成度的特点。     

快速响应卫星发射场贮存方法

为适应快速应急发射的需求,首先对卫星电子元器件、卫星结构、展开装置、蓄电池组和推进系统等关键部件的贮存要求及性能进行分析.然后考虑卫星在发射场贮存时间,以6个月为分界线,分别对卫星在发射场的长期和短期贮存方法进行了研究.短期贮存方案卫星以整星状态贮存,所有部件安装到位;贮存期间,每3个月进行一次整星全面加电状态检查.同...     

长期贮存对卫星典型结构件的形变影响分析

某大型卫星经历了长期的地面贮存,从结构生产完成至卫星发射历时9年。文章提取此卫星承力筒、结构板的工程数据,与同类型其他卫星的数据进行对比分析,总结出长期贮存后卫星承力筒和典型结构板——对地板的形变规律,并探讨影响结构变形的原因。研究结果可为后续卫星的贮存设计、贮存试验以及贮存后影响分析提供指导和借鉴。     

航天数据固态记录器设计问题(中)

航天工程数据固态记录器设计问题第二部分，讨论空间辐射环境、单粒子效应及其预测方法     

一种嵌入式导航系统的研究与实现

导航控制系统通过对各导航传感器的数据分析 ,并根据一定的导航控制规律和预定航线解算出飞行控制参量 ,输出给直升机自动驾驶仪 ,使直升机按预定航线飞行。文中介绍一种无人直升机上的嵌入式导航系统 ,并针对其可靠性、实时性的要求详细论述此嵌入式系统的关键技术设计思想。     

加速老化试验方法评估典型橡胶密封材料贮存寿命的准确性研究

根据密封结构产品延寿工程需求,基于8106 乙丙橡胶等6 种典型运载火箭密封橡胶材料的加速老化试验数据,外推计算其在贮存温度下性能退化至设定值所需的老化时间,并与实际自然老化数据相比较来评价加速老化试验评估橡胶密封材料贮存寿命的准确性。结果表明,加速老化方法可准确用于橡胶密封材料的寿命评估工作。     

陀螺力矩器标度因数变化模型及稳定性研究

 力矩器作为动力调谐陀螺(DTG)的关键器件,影响着陀螺在贮存条件下的长期稳定性。力矩器标度因数是衡量陀螺稳定性的重要参数。为研究动力调谐陀螺仪力矩器标度因数的变化原理和规律,以故障模式、机理和影响分析(FMMEA)方法为基础,分析贮存条件下陀螺力矩器标度因数变化主机理,确定影响其变化的机理部位和应力类型;结合底层主机理部件胶蠕变和磁钢退磁随环境应力、时间的变化趋势,建立系统层力矩器标度因数变化量的长期预报模型;以某DTG为例,结合其贮存剖面,进行基于模型的贮存稳定性分析,计算得到5年内力矩器标度因数变化值,与历史数据相比较,二者趋势一致,证明本文研究方法的正确性;同时利用建立的变化模型进行陀螺加速性分析,得到陀螺参数的加速因子,为加速退化试验的设计提供依据。     

Thermal performance of a 3D printed lattice-structure heat sink packaging phase change material

Thermal storage technology is becoming more and more significant with the increase of high-power equipment in space applications. In this paper, 3D printing technology and Phase Change Material (PCM) were combined into a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system, which could fulfill the requirements of light weight and high thermal conductivity. A 3D-printed lattice-structure TES plate with N-tetradecane as the PCM and aluminum alloy as the thermal conductivity enhancer was manufactured, and experimentally tested in a thermal vacuum chamber. In addition, a simplified simulation model of the lattice cell was established to clearly analyze the heat transfer process of the TES plate. The effects of initial temperature distribution and heat load gradient on the thermal storage performances were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the 3D-printed lattice-structure TES plate turns out to be 13 times of the pure PCM thanks to the aluminum skeleton. The heat transfer enhancement appears at the end of the phase change stage due to the sudden mixture of the PCM with different temperature. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data. The equivalent thermal conductivity obtained by the phase change simulations are a little higher than those of the experiments, which is mainly caused by the initial uneven temperature distribution in the tests. Additionally, the effects of non-uniform heat load and the presence of the PCM in the TES plate are studied. This work successfully validates the feasibility and effectiveness of 3D printing technology and TES technology for the temperature control in space applications.     

基于DCS机理的机场供油自动化系统的设计与实现

为提高国内民用机场供油系统的自动化水平,采用DCS(Distributed Control System)的原理和方法设计并实现机场供油自动化系统.根据DCS的"分散控制,集中管理"的思想,系统在结构上划分为3级:现场设备级、直接控制级和监控管理级.概述了每一级的功能、硬件配置和软件的组成及开发.本方案已被成功地应用于多个机场供油自动化系统的建设.实际运行表明,系统稳定可靠,自动化程度高.