直升机动力学中参数振动问题的数值解法

 参数振动问题是直升机的基本动力学问题之一,旋翼桨叶的挥舞弯曲微分方程和摆振弯曲微分方程都是复杂的参数振动问题,在许多计论直升机旋翼动力学的论著中~[1-4],有的虽然推导了复尽杂的参数振动方程,却没有提到求解的方法,有的对此根本没有论及.本文旨在讨论参数问题的数值解法.     

一种多目标随机决策方法及其应用

本文通过引进决策方案的可行度和决策者参考目标水平的满足度等概念,提出了一种不确定条件下的多目标随机决策方法——交互式参考目标满足度与可行度决策分析中,取得了较好的效果。     

关于刚体转动的角速度和角加速度的讨论

在理论力学教学中，平面运动刚体的转动与基点无关的证明过于简单，本利用矢量代数的知识，证明平面运动刚体的角度与角加速度与基点的选择无关。     

开关寿命连续型不可修冷、温贮备系统的可靠性分析及其随机模拟

本文对由n个部件组成的、开关寿命为连续型随机变量的不可修冷、温贮备系统作了可靠性分析,建立了这两类系统的一般模型,给出了冷贮备系统可靠度R_n(t)及平均寿命MTTF的一般形式解。并在指数分布场合下,给出了R_n(t)及MTTF的解析表达式。当部件贮备寿命相互独立同分布时,温贮备系统可以通过一个虚设的开关变量而归结为冷贮备系统。对一般的贮备系统,可以运用数理统计方法,根据样本给出R_n(t)及MTTF的估计。文末利用随机模拟方法,构造所需样本,便可获得R_n(t)及MTTF的数值估计。实例表明,随机模拟的结果是令人满意的。     

Using gamma-ray burst prompt emission to probe relativistic shock acceleration

It is widely accepted that the prompt transient signal in the 10 keV–10 GeV band from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) arises from multiple shocks internal to the ultra-relativistic expansion. The detailed understanding of the dissipation and accompanying acceleration at these shocks is a currently topical subject. This paper explores the relationship between GRB prompt emission spectra and the electron (or ion) acceleration properties at the relativistic shocks that pertain to GRB models. The focus is on the array of possible high-energy power-law indices in accelerated populations, highlighting how spectra above 1 MeV can probe the field obliquity in GRB internal shocks, and the character of hydromagnetic turbulence in their environs. It is emphasized that diffusive shock acceleration theory generates no canonical spectrum at relativistic MHD discontinuities. This diversity is commensurate with the significant range of spectral indices discerned in prompt burst emission. Such system diagnostics are now being enhanced by the broad-band spectral coverage of bursts by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope; while the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) provides key diagnostics on the lower energy portions of the particle population, the focus here is on constraints in the non-thermal, power-law regime of the particle distribution that are provided by the Large Area Telescope (LAT).     

A simple control law for reducing the effective characteristic acceleration of a solar sail

The direction and magnitude of a solar sail acceleration are strongly related. For this reason, once the characteristic acceleration has been fixed, it is not possible to modulate the acceleration in a particular direction. In this work, a semi-analytical switching control law is derived, enabling a solar sail to emulate a smaller effective characteristic acceleration (without changes in geometry or optical properties); by periodically changing the pitch (cone) angle of the sail, in average over time, the acceleration produced by the sail matches exactly (in both direction and magnitude) that of a “smaller” sail. The range in which this is possible is determined, and the limitations on this range due to the size difference is computed. The method is validated on optimal Earth-Mars trajectories.     

Hexapod多自由度微激励系统的振动时域波形控制

摘要： Hexapod多自由度微激励系统常用于航天器有效载荷在轨微振动环境的模拟，但采用现有控制方法无法精确稳定跟踪低频正弦加速度，这是由于系统耦合度高、非线性在低频段较强，被控对象相位滞后过大造成的.针对此问题，基于传统离线迭代控制方法，提出一种复合超前校正、多倍频陷波滤波器的改进离线迭代控制方法.其中，离线迭代进行补偿控制，超前校正进一步补偿系统相位，多倍频陷波滤波器去除非线性干扰.跟踪低频定频正弦加速度的实验结果表明，对比传统离线迭代控制方法，改进方法收敛快、控制精度高；对比现有自适应正弦振动控制方法，改进方法将符合精度要求的加速度控制频带下限由14.5 Hz扩宽至8 Hz.实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性.     

Electric potential structures of auroral acceleration region border from multi-spacecraft Cluster data

This paper studies an auroral event using data from three spacecraft of the Cluster mission, one inside and two at the poleward edge of the bottom of the Auroral Acceleration Region (AAR). The study reveals the three-dimensional profile of the region’s poleward boundary, showing spatial segmentation of the electric potential structures and their decay in time. It also depicts localized magnetic field variations and field-aligned currents that appear to have remained stable for at least 80?s. Such observations became possible due to the fortuitous motion of the three spacecraft nearly parallel to each other and tangential to the AAR edge, so that the differences and variations can be seen when the spacecraft enter and exit the segmentations, hence revealing their position with respect to the AAR.     

小样本条件下多应力加速寿命试验预测方法

鉴于导弹中的电子设备价格昂贵、可用于试验的样本量少,在开展加速试验以及寿命预测的实际工作中通常为小样本的背景。文章研究探索小样本条件下多应力加速试验寿命预测方法,分别建立通用对数线性模型、 BAS-BP神经网络模型、灰色–支持向量回归模型,结合多应力加速试验数据在各应力条件下的样本容量分别为 56组、20组、10组、5组的情况下,比较 3种模型的预测效果,分析各模型的适用场合和时机,探索小样本条件下模型的选优问题,为小样本条件下多应力加速试验寿命预测提供有益的借鉴。     

倍频程准则在星载电子设备结构设计中的应用

在星载电子设备的结构设计中,一般采取局部加强结构刚度来减小其响应,但对有些结构此方法效果并不理想。为减小某单机中关键部件的加速度响应,通过倍频程准则对结构进行优化设计,通过合理弱化支架刚度来降低核心部件的响应。仿真结果表明在弱化某些结构部件的情况下,使得谐振器的加速度响应降低了29%,效果明显。通过弱化非核心部件来减小核心部件的响应,有别于常规的增加整体结构刚度来减小响应,对后续电子设备的优化设计具有一定的指导意义。