三体问题地面实验的相似性分析

研究了三体问题相似性的分析流程,给出了三体问题实验近似相似性程度的公式化度量方法。首先,明确了三体问题地面实验的构建原理与方法;其次,建立圆形限制性三体问题的动力学模型,并利用相似性分析方法建立三体问题的相似性度量函数;再次,建立存在各种干扰因素情况下实验系统动力学模型,并利用相似性度量函数衡量在干扰因素作用下实验满足相似性的程度;最后,利用数值仿真法进行仿真分析从统计的角度得出各种干扰对于三体问题实验相似性的影响大小,并给出各种干扰因素对于三体问题相似性的影响排序。仿真表明这种分析方法对于实验系统的提高与实验方案的选择具有指导意义。     

登月舱上升段最优轨迹设计

为了实现登月舱上升段轨迹的优化,建立了上升段登月舱动力学模型,用单位归一化技术建立了最优控制模型,并以燃料消耗为最优指标,利用Pontryagin极小值原理,将问题转化为时间自由的两点边值问题 TPBVP 。采用了一种基于初值预估方法和向前扫描法求解TPBVP,从而设计出登月舱上升段最优轨迹,并进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明所设计的算法收敛速度快、可靠性高。     

基于布谷鸟搜索算法的一类变体飞行器容错控制

针对一类存在执行机构故障的分布式结构变体飞行器的控制分配问题,结合整数规划理论,提出一种基于布谷鸟搜索算法的容错控制方法。首先,设计虚拟控制指令,使得系统状态能够很好地跟踪参考模型;然后,将执行器概率性故障与饱和约束转换为整数规划问题中决策变量的约束,从而将执行器控制分配问题转化为一类整数规划问题;最后,采用改进的布谷鸟搜索算法进行求解,得到实际的执行器控制分配指令。仿真结果表明,在执行器存在概率性故障的情况下,该容错控制方法较无容错策略的情况能够有效提升系统的跟踪性能;与遗传算法相比,该算法得到的执行器控制分配结果更加精确。     

On tethered sample and mooring systems near irregular asteroids

A tethered asteroid sample and mooring system is investigated in this paper. In this system the spacecraft is moored to the surface of an irregular asteroid such as 216 Kleopatra by using a rocket-propelled anchor with a cable. The rocket-propelled anchor is a kind of space penetrator, which can inject into asteroids at high speeds generated by its own rocket engine. It can be used to explore the interior structure of asteroids, and it can also be used as a sample collector. When the sampling mission is done, the sample can be pulled back to the spacecraft with the anchor. Using this method, the spacecraft can be kept in a safe region in which it cannot be trapped by the gravitational field of the asteroid. This work is concerned with the dynamics of the tethered system near irregular asteroids. First, a shape model and gravitational field model of irregular asteroids are built. Then, the configuration and the stability of the tethered system are investigated, and the quasi-periodic motion near the equilibrium point of the tethered system is analyzed. Finally, the non-uniform density distribution of the asteroids is considered. The deployment process and the oscillation of the tethered system in the uncertain asteroid gravity field are simulated using the Monte Carlo method. The feasibility of the tethered asteroid sample and mooring system is proved.     

Orbit determination by genetic algorithm and application to GEO observation

This paper demonstrates an initial orbit determination method that solves the problem by a genetic algorithm using two well-known solutions for the Lambert’s problem: universal variable method and Battin method. This paper also suggests an intuitive error evaluation method in terms of rotational angle and orbit shape by separating orbit elements into two groups. As reference orbit, mean orbit elements (original two-lines elements) and osculating orbit elements considering the J2 effect are adopted and compared. Our proposed orbit determination method has been tested with actual optical observations of a geosynchronous spacecraft. It should be noted that this demonstration of the orbit determination is limited to one test case. This observation was conducted during approximately 70 min on 2013/05/15 UT. Our method was compared with the orbit elements propagated by SGP4 using the TLE of the spacecraft. The result indicates that our proposed method had a slightly better performance on estimating orbit shape than Gauss’s methods and Escobal’s method by 120 km. In addition, the result of the rotational angle is closer to the osculating orbit elements than the mean orbit elements by 0.02°, which supports that the estimated orbit is valid.     

三角平动点附近高阶解在轨道位置保持中的应用

首先给出三角平动点附近的高阶解析解,并计算了三种特殊的运动类型。以日–地+月系三角平动点附近无长周期运动分量的拟周期轨道作为目标轨道,探讨轨道保持问题。针对三角平动点任务的轨道保持问题,我们研究了两种轨道保持策略,分别为多点打靶轨道保持与重构目标轨道的策略。计算中,将轨道控制问题转化为非线性规划问题,并以优化方法求解。仿真表明优化方法在轨道保持问题求解方面非常有效。     

基于经验模态分解的地球同步轨道高能电子通量预报

在磁暴恢复相期间,大量相对论(高能)电子从磁层的外辐射带渗透到地球同步轨道区.其中> 2 MeV的高能电子能够穿透卫星表面并聚积在材料内部,导致卫星无法正常运行或完全损坏.磁暴期间的高能电子通量变化的非平稳与非线性特征十分明显.通过实验发现,经验模态分解法能够极大地降低高能电子通量非平稳性问题造成的预报影响.以2008-2009年的数据作为训练集,2010-2013年数据作为测试集.结果表明:2010-2013年的预报率约为0.84;在太阳活动较为复杂的2013年,预报率达到0.81.引入经验模态分解后预报效率得到显著提高.     

Two-segment lunar free-return trajectories design using the pseudostate theory

Accurate initial solutions for two-segment Earth-Moon free-return trajectories, with midcourse transfer opportunities for favorable lunar targeting, are developed analytically by using the pseudostate theory. A constrained flight-path angle quasi-Lambert problem is formulated to determine the lunar-orbiting phase of the free-return trajectory. Gradient and direct-shooting algorithms are used to correct the initial estimates of certain two-body parameters. Numerical simulations with a high-fidelity model are undertaken to verify the accuracy of the pseudostate solutions and to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Perilune altitude errors for the pseudostate method are less than 10% of their corresponding values for the patched conic technique. The differences between the pseudostate and the high-fidelity solutions can be eliminated rapidly.     

关于对发展航空运输产业若干政策的思考

用大量事实从不同侧面说明航空运输在国民经济中的地位日显重要,为国家的贡献逐年增大.同时分析了航空运输经济效益下降的原因,并提出一系列政策建议以推动航空运输向高层次方向发展.     

Banach空间中的常微分方程边值问题的拟上下解方法

利用拟上下解方法,研究了一阶非线性微分方程边值问题u′(t)=f(t,u(t)),u(0)-u(T)=x1,x1≥0拟解的存在性,并通过线性微分方程的解来构造算子,从而得到单调迭代序列,进而得到该边值问题的最大最小拟解对。