计入静位移作用的粘弹阻尼器双线性迟滞模型

在传统的粘弹阻尼器双线性迟滞模型基础上,为了便于参数识别,将滑移迟滞恢复力等效成黏性阻尼力与分段线性弹性力的联合作用,引入指数衰减函数表征弹性力及阻尼力随激振幅值的变化规律,并导出了带静位移的粘弹阻尼器复模量计算模型。提出一种结合复模量及迟滞回线进行参数识别的方法,并通过实例验证了改进模型的准确性及参数识别法的有效性。分析了静位移对迟滞回线及复模量的影响,结果表明:静位移的变化使得迟滞回线沿弹性力曲线移动,并由于非线性刚度的影响,迟滞回线的形状也发生了变化;在模型采用奇次弹性力和线性黏性阻尼力的条件下,储能模量随着静位移的变化成偶次函数的趋势变化,而耗能模量则不受静位移的影响;静位移对储能模量和耗能模量的影响源于粘弹阻尼器刚度和阻尼关于位移的非线性特性。     

滚珠丝杠副的可靠性设计

根据滚珠丝杠副工作中,实际负载和式作寿命等均呈分布状态性质,论述了滚珠丝杠副的可靠性设计方法,即在确定滚珠丝杠副实际允许的负载容量时,把规定的可靠度目标值,直接设计到滚珠丝杠副中去。     

软件数据耦合影响分析方法

以软件中数据为核心,通过分析一个具有高度数据耦合、实时并发进程特点的武器装备飞行控制软件实例,提出一种实时软件数据耦合影响分析方法.该方法通过静态分析实时软件中全部共享数据的并发使用情况,可有效发现实时软件中因数据耦合和并发执行引起的共享数据冲突,消除软件的质量隐患.     

磁悬浮斜翼节静动态特性

作为直动式电-机械转换器和二维阀本体之间的连接桥梁，反馈放大机构起着位置反馈、运动转换和推力放大的重要作用。但现有二维伺服比例阀的机械式反馈放大机构都存在摩擦磨损等非线性环节，对阀的静态特性影响明显。基于永磁悬浮技术提出一种新型的无接触式磁悬浮斜翼节，其依靠磁斥力将斜翼动子和阀芯悬浮在中位，同时实现位置反馈和运动转换功能，以彻底去除传统机械式反馈放大机构由于接触带来的摩擦磨损等因素对阀控制特性的不利影响。首先基于电磁场理论建立了磁悬浮斜翼节的数学解析模型，讨论了关键结构参数对磁力矩的影响；随后在Maxwell和Adams平台上分别对其静动态特性进行了基于有限元模拟和多体运动学分析的参数优化，在此基础上制作了实验样机，搭建实验台架研究了斜翼节的静动态特性，从而验证了其工程实用性。仿真和实验结果基本相符，3种验证的斜翼节样机中，当外接比例电磁铁推动外动子移动3 mm时，最大磁力矩可达到0.252 N·m，阶跃响应时间约120 ms。参数化设计表明减小工作气隙和增加斜翼节倾角均能提升斜翼节的磁力矩和动态响应，而在气隙中添加磁流体可提升磁力矩，但同时影响阶跃响应。研究工作对于后续磁悬浮斜翼节在二维伺服比例阀上的实际应用具有重要的参考价值。     

Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

低速通用飞机机翼低成本精细化设计

针对低速通用飞机升阻特性的低成本精细化设计,通过合理地简化模型,建立了一种将翼型升阻比曲线斜率作为附加设计约束的机翼工程优化设计方法。基于该优化设计方法,利用低成本快速设计分析工具开展了优化设计,并对设计方法及结果进行了风洞试验验证。试验结果表明,所提方法能够有效提高机翼最大升阻比,同时使最大升阻比对应的升力系数逼近巡航工况,进一步挖掘了低速通用飞机的经济性潜力。     

Contribution analysis of QZSS to single-frequency PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) established by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency mainly serves the Asia-Pacific region and its surrounding areas. Currently, four in-orbit satellites provide services. Most users of GNSS in the mass market use single-frequency (SF) receivers owing to the low cost. Therefore, it is meaningful to analyze and evaluate the contribution of the QZSS to SF precise point positioning (PPP) of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems with the emergence of GNSS and QZSS. This study compares the performances of three SF PPP models, namely the GRoup and PHase Ionospheric Correction (GRAPHIC) model, GRAPHIC with code observation model, and an ionosphere-constrained model, and evaluated the contribution of the QZSS to the SF PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems. Moreover, the influence of code bias on the SF PPP of the BDS system is also analyzed. A two-week dataset (DOY 013–026, 2019) from 10 stations of the MGEX network is selected for validation, and the results show that: (1) For cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of GLONASS + QZSS are reduced by 4.3, 30.8, and 12.7%, respectively, and the positioning accuracy is similar compared with that of the GLONASS system. Compared with the BDS single system, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of BDS + QZSS under 15 and 25° are reduced by 37.6 and 39.2%, the horizontal positioning accuracies are improved by 18.6 and 14.1%, and the vertical components are improved by 13.9 and 21.4%, respectively. At cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the positioning accuracy and precision of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo + QZSS is similar to that of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. And the convergence times are reduced by 7.4 and 4.3% at cut-off elevation angles of 20 and 25°, respectively. In imitating dynamic PPP, the QZSS significantly improves the positioning accuracy of BDS and GLONASS. However, QZSS has little effect on the GPS-only, Galileo-only and GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. (2) The code bias of BDS IGSO and MEO cannot be ignored in SF PPP. In static SF PPP, taking the frequency band of B1I whose multipath combination is the largest among the frequency bands as an example, the vertical component has a systematic bias of approximately 0.4–1.0 m. After correcting the code bias, the positioning error in the vertical component is lower than 0.2 m, and the positioning accuracy in the horizontal component are improved accordingly. (3) The SF PPP model with ionosphere constraints has a better convergence speed, while the positioning accuracy of the three models is nearly equal. Therefore the GRAPHIC model can be used to get good positioning accuracy in the absence of external ionosphere products, but its convergence speed is slower.     

A320飞机方向舵载荷计算软件开发*

飞机静力试验是验证其结构静强度的重要手段。本文在国内相关飞机机身和机翼静力试验设计的基础上，选取空客A320飞机方向舵，基于有限元思想模型简化，确定加载点及加载方式，并使用MATLAB软件对方向舵的结构静强度和飞行过程中舵面上的载荷进行初步数据分析，开发了计算载荷分布软件。该软件可用于民航专业教学，有助于学生了解方向舵受力的特点，同时为A320方向舵静力试验实验室的建造提供理论依据。     

盒式机翼布局大型飞机横航向飞行品质研究

经计算并和常规布局大型飞机对比分析,给出了盒式机翼布局大型飞机的气动特点;然后研究了盒式机翼布局大型飞机本体横航向飞行品质;针对盒式机翼布局本体飞机横航向飞行品质较差的问题,研究了提高盒式机翼布局飞机横航向飞行品质的有效方法.研究结果表明:盒式机翼布局大型飞机具有良好的升阻特性和特殊的横航向气动特性;修改布局参数对提高...     

基于B1c/B2a/B3I北斗三频实时高采样率动态PPP分析

为了分析北斗三号新信号的三频实时动态PPP定位性能,首先推导了三频两两组合无电离层模型和三频非差非组合模型的观测方程。基于山东建筑大学CORS站观测得到的北斗三号B1c/B2a/B3I三频信号1s采样率数据,使用iGMAS提供的超快速精密星历预报部分,制定了基于B1cB3I-B2aB3I三频无电离层两两组合、B1cB2aB3I三频非差非组合以及用于对比分析的B1cB2a、B1IB3I两种双频无电离层共四种定位方案。然后利用Net_Diff软件进行实时动态PPP实验,对超快速精密轨道和钟差预报部分的精度和稳定度以及实验解算结果进行分析,对比不同定位方案的定位性能。实验分析表明,两种三频定位方案定位性能均优于B1cB2a双频定位方案,定位精度能达到0.462m和0.479m,收敛至分米所需时间能达到45.8min和62.8min;B1IB3I方案定位性能优于两种三频定位方案,定位精度和收敛速度能达到0.228m和6.6min。