气动静/动稳定性的相关性及粘性滞后时间的研究

风洞试验证实,物体的气动静稳定性和气动动稳定性之间,存在着反向演变现象。研究表明,它主要是绕流的粘性效应诱导的气动量和它们对物体姿态运动的时间滞后引起的,并且,该气动量中的静稳定性粘性诱导量和动稳定性诱导量之间是负相关的。本文给出了相关分析以及粘性诱导量之间的负相关模式,并用作者得到的风洞动态试验结果证明了上述负相关模式的实在性。此外,还根据上述风洞试验结果,计算了粘性动态相关因子Ｋｄ与粘性滞后的     

多度静不定结构强度非线性分析方法

座舱盖为多度静不定结构,静力试验所测试验数据呈现出显著的非线性特征,传统的基于线性力学的理论及分析方法已无法对此种力学特征进行解释,因此需要建立一种新的计算分析方法,准确地对座舱盖静强度进行分析。多度静不定结构强度非线性分析方法对座舱盖强度特性进行分析,确定座舱盖的非线性来源;再对非线性有限元求解分析方法进行研究,确定其对座舱盖非线性分析的适用性;建立了座舱盖细节模型,对座舱盖的非线性特征进行模拟。通过计算结果与试验值的对比,证明基于 ABAQUS 的座舱盖非线性分析能够准确地模拟座舱盖的强度特性,在诸多非线性因素中,材料非线性因素对座舱盖强度计算结果影响最小,边界非线性和几何非线性对计算结果影响较大,工程计算中应重点加以考虑。     

基于静强度分布的复合材料疲劳寿命分布的预测模型(英文)

The reasons of the static strength dispersion and the fatigue life dispersion of composite laminates are analyzed in this article. It is concluded that the inner original defects, which derived from the manufacturing process of composite laminates, are the common and major reason of causing the random distributions of the static strength and the fatigue life. And there is a correlative relation between the two distributions. With the study of statistical relationship between the fatigue loading and the fatigue life in the uniform confidence level and the same survival rate S-N curves of material, the relationship between the static strength distribution and the fatigue life distribution through a material S-N curve model has been obtained. And then the model which is used to describe the distributions of fatigue life of composites, based on their distributions of static strength, is set up. This model reasonably reflects the effects of the inner original defects on the static strength dispersion and on the fatigue life dispersion of composite laminates. The experimental data of three kinds of composite laminates are employed to verify this model, and the results show that this model can predict the random distributions of fatigue life for composites under any fatigue loads fairly well.     

移动质心飞行器的参数辨识和补偿控制

受质量块大小和位移的限制,移动质心不能像空气舵那样产生很大的力矩.因此飞行器的再入攻角对静稳定度很敏感,尤其在小静稳定度下,静稳定度稍有改变,配平攻角将发生很大变化.飞行器再入过程中的烧蚀、侵蚀以及边界层转捩所造成的小不对称量所产生的不对称力矩与质心移动后产生的控制力矩相比,不是小量.以所建立的移动质心控制飞行器的数学模型为基础,辨识飞行器静稳定度和小不对称量,对小不对称量造成的气动力矩用前馈一反馈复合控制加以补偿.仿真分析表明,移动质心控制对高速再入的飞行器具有良好的末修能力,能有效提高再入段的控制精度.     

Comparative analysis of four different single-frequency PPP models on positioning performance and atmosphere delay retrieval

Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) has attracted increasing attention due to its high precision and cost effectiveness. With various strategies to handle the dominant error, i.e., ionosphere delay, the ionosphere-float (IF), ionosphere-free-half (IFH), ionosphere-corrected (IC), and ionosphere-weighted (IW) SF-PPP models are certain to possess different characteristics and performance levels. This study is dedicated to assessing and comparing the four models from model characteristics, positioning performance, and atmosphere delay retrieval. The model comparison shows that IC and IW models are full-rank while IF and IFH models have a rank deficiency of size one that will result in biased estimations, which means the better solvability of IC and IW models. The experiments are carried out based on the 7-day Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected at 57 global Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations and Global Ionosphere Map (GIM) products. The results indicate that the IW model can accelerate SF-PPP convergence and achieve higher positioning accuracy compared to the other three SF-PPP models, especially in kinematic mode. With convergence criteria of 0.25 m in horizontal and 0.5 m in vertical, the east/north/up convergence times of IW model are 0.5/15.0/25.0 min and 0.5/16.0/36.5 min for static and kinematic modes, respectively. The IW model is able to achieve an instantaneous positioning accuracy of 0.28/0.35/0.75 m. In addition, a real kinematic test also demonstrates the best positioning solutions of IW model. Regarding troposphere delay retrieval, the IF, IFH, and IW models obtain a comparable daily accuracy of 3.0 cm on average, while the IC model achieves the worst accuracy of 8.0 cm. For precise ionosphere delay estimation, IW model only needs an average initialization time of 34.3 min, but a longer initialization time of 51.6 min is required for IF model. The daily precision of ionosphere delay estimation for IW model can reach up to 10.8 cm. At the present accuracy of GIM products, it is suggested that the IW model should be adopted for SF-PPP first due to its superior performance in positioning and atmosphere delay retrieval.     

静力试验空间变形分析方法

液体火箭发动机机架在静力试验中,通常在关键位置布置多个位移传感器来测量机架在静力试验过程中的位移值,对所测的位移数据进行分析以确定机架是否满足刚度设计要求。由于位移传感器较多,无法直观、快速查找到可能存在的异常测点,同时由于无法可视化使得分析机架整体变形存在一定的困难,因此提出了一种静力试验结构变形的三维可视化分析方法。该方法利用结构的几何位置及测点位移信息,通过空间坐标重构连续再现结构在加载过程中的三维变形过程,形成三维变形动画,并基于Matlab软件平台开发了空间变形分析软件,可直观分析结构整体变形、快速查找位移测量异常点,同时软件分析结果可保存为文档文件和视频文件。该方法对于直观分析机架的整体变形过程,快速判断测点位移数据是否异常具有重要的工程实用价值。     

三轴无刷转台交流伺服放大器

研究了一种用于驱动无刷转台中永磁同步电机的全数字交流伺服放大器。针对转台系统对其伺服电机运行的要求,采用了独特的方式对其电流环和速度环进行考核。实验中结合全数字伺服放大器的特点,采用了一种参数实时补偿的方法,对调节器参数动态地进行修正,有效地保证了电机输出力矩性能的要求和矢量控制策略的实现。此外,文中还对高精度码盘在伺服系统中的应用展开了深入的研究,并设计了一套简单实用的分频器以便进行相关的运算。理论分析和实验结果验证了转台伺服放大器的良好性能以及控制策略的有效性。     

DPIV对圆柱绕流的研究及运动参考坐标系的转换

采用以氢气泡为示踪粒子的数字粒子图像测速技术(digitalparticleimagevelocimetry,DPIV)对三种不同雷诺数下的圆柱绕流进行了研究。一般DPIV拍摄时相机固定,可得出一种速度场分布。笔者采用静止坐标,用简单的方法可以达到相机随流场移动的效果,DPIV处理结果可以看到一些更深入的情况。     

8m×6m风洞新型高精度外式天平研制

介绍了为8m×6m风洞研制的一台新型外式天平的用途、测量能力、测量原理和一些新的设计思想。静态校准结果表明：该天平全部达到了设计要求，精密度和准确度都达到了较高的水平，可以满足多种型号试验和研究的需要。     

基于Klocwork的C/C++软件静态检查

为了保证基于Linux与VxWorks操作系统的C/C++软件代码的质量,需要对软件源代码进行Klocwork检查。分别以SVN与ClearCase作为配置管理工具,将Klocwork工具分别在不同的操作系统下完成安装与配置之后,对C/C++源代码进行Klocwork检查。介绍了Linux环境下配置管理工具SVN客户端安装、SVN版本库的代码更新、Klocwork工具的安装与配置、ClearCase版本库的代码更新、以及Klocwork分别在Linux与VxWorks操作系统下进行Klocwork检查的步骤。给出了Klocwork检查分别在Linux与VxWorks操作系统中的详细检查步骤与检查脚本,以及对已经被检查出来的缺陷的处理。典型案例表明,Klocwork检查有助于及时发现并解决C/C++软件源代码的各种缺陷,从而提高软件质量和安全性。