Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.     

Robust model predictive control for satellite formation keeping with eccentricity/inclination vector separation

This study presents model predictive formation control based on an eccentricity/inclination vector separation strategy. Alternative collision avoidance can be accomplished by using eccentricity/inclination vectors and adding a simple goal function term for optimization process. Real-time control is also achievable with model predictive controller based on convex formulation. Constraint-tightening approach is address as well improve robustness of the controller, and simulation results are presented to verify performance enhancement for the proposed approach.     

机载嵌入式可重构信号处理系统设计

为使机载嵌入式信号处理系统性能更加均衡,更好地适应机载嵌入式环境,在比较三种传统的机栽信号处理系统架构的基础上,提出了一种系统可伸缩、功能可重构的信号处理系统架构,并分析了其系统特性和关键技术。从可编程能力、处理性能、通用性以及可扩展性等方面比较了三种信号处理系统架构,结果表明:可重构信号处理系统架构具有较强的综合性能,能更好地满足机载嵌入式应用的需求。     

Numerical investigation of flow mechanisms of tandem impeller inside a centrifugal compressor

This study numerically investigated a single stage centrifugal compressor ‘‘Radiver’’ with a wedge diffuser and several tandem-designed impellers to explore the flow phenomena within the tandem impeller and the potential to enhance compressor performance. The results demonstrate that tandem design and clocking fraction (λ_s) significantly affects the compressor performance. The compressor stage with tandem impellers of Series A of boundary layer growth interruption alone are observed to have a widely operating range but efficiency and total pressure ratio penalty compared with that of conventional impeller. The tandem impeller with at least the same impeller efficiency as the conventional design is considered as a critical design criteria so that further modification process based on the flow characteristic of tandem impeller is necessary. In order to restrain the inducer wake and exducer shock losses, parameters modification of blade angle and thickness distributions are necessary and the modified tandem impeller of Series B is obtained. The modified tandem impeller with 25% clocking arrangement shows an 8.45% stall margin increase and maintains the total pressure ratio and efficiency as the conventional design, which proves the potential of tandem impeller to improve compressor stage performance. It is noteworthy that the tandem impellers of Radiver have not shown obviously balanced exit flow field and the fundamental mechanism of stall margin extending of tandem impeller lies on the improved impeller/diffuser matching performance resulting from the incidence angle variation at diffuser inlet.     

A novel control method for turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed based on the Ngdot estimator through LQG/LTR and rotor predicted torque feedforward

In order to compensate for the disturbance of wide variation in rotor demanded torque on power turbine speed and realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine during variable rotor speed, a cascade PID control method based on the acceleration estimator of gas turbine speed (Ngdot) and rotor predicted torque feedforward is proposed. Firstly, a two-speed Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) model is applied in the integrated rotor/turboshaft engine system to achieve variable rotor speed. Then, an online estimation method of Ngdot based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian with Loop Transfer Recovery (LQG/LTR) is proposed for power turbine speed cascade control. Finally, according to the cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator, a rotor demanded torque predicted method based on the Min-batch Gradient Descent-Neural Network (MGD-NN) is put forward to compromise the influence of rotor torque interference. The simulation results show that compared with cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator and the one combined with collective pitch feedforward control, the novel control method proposed can reduce the overshoot of power turbine speed by more than 20%, which possesses faster response, superior dynamic effect and satisfactory robustness performance. The control method proposed can realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed better.     

16g座椅垫的维修更换

航空座椅垫是民航飞机座椅的一个重要组成部分,它既是为乘员提供舒适的乘坐工具,又是保障乘员安全的部件。本文根据航空座椅垫的适航要求,从满足腰椎载荷的动态特性出发,进行了大量的动态试验,以研究替换国外16g座椅垫的可行性,从而为广泛替换16g座椅垫找出一种可行的试验验证方法。     

一种基于语义信息辅助的无人机视觉/惯性融合定位方法CSCD

视觉传感器在无人机室内定位中发挥着重要作用。传统基于特征点的视觉里程计算法通过底层亮度关系进行描述匹配,抗干扰能力不足,会出现匹配错误甚至失败的情况,导航系统的精度及鲁棒性有待提升。由于室内环境存在丰富的语义信息,提出了一种基于语义信息辅助的无人机视觉/惯性融合定位方法。首先,将室内语义信息进行因子建模,并与传统的视觉里程计方法进行融合;然后,基于惯性预积分方法,在因子图优化中添加惯性约束,以进一步提高无人机在动态复杂环境下的定位精度和鲁棒性;最后,通过无人机室内飞行试验对算法的定位精度进行了分析。试验结果表明,相较于传统的视觉里程计算法,该方法具有更高的精度和鲁棒性。     

Stall flutter prediction based on multi-layer GRU neural network

The modeling of dynamic stall aerodynamics is essential to stall flutter, due to the flow separation in a large-amplitude pitching oscillation process. A newly neural network based Reduced Order Model (ROM) framework for predicting the aerodynamic forces of an airfoil undergoing large-amplitude pitching oscillation at various velocities is presented in this work. First, the dynamic stall aerodynamics is calculated by solving RANS equations and the transitional SST-γ model. Afterwards, the stall flutter bifurcation behavior is calculated by the above CFD solver coupled with structural dynamic equation. The critical flutter speed and limit-cycle oscillation amplitudes are consistent with those obtained by experiments. A newly multi-layer Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural network based ROM is constructed to accelerate the calculation of aerodynamic forces. The training and validation process are carried out upon the unsteady aerodynamic data obtained by the proposed CFD method. The well-trained ROM is then coupled with the structure equation at a specific velocity, the Limit-Cycle Oscillation (LCO) of stall flutter under this flow condition is predicted precisely and more quickly. In order to predict both the critical flutter velocity and LCO amplitudes after bifurcation at different velocities, a new ROM with GRU neural network considering the variation of flow velocities is developed. The stall flutter results predicted by ROM agree well with the CFD ones at different velocities. Finally, a brief sensitivity analysis of two structural parameters of ROM is carried out. It infers the potential of the presented modeling method to depict the nonlinearity of dynamic stall and stall flutter phenomenon.     

民用飞机全机静力试验前机身工况配平载荷设计

民用飞机全机静力试验中由于加载方案复杂,为了简化试验加载数量,传统的配平方案主要保证考核区的加载准确性,对于非考核区的载荷简化到若干加载点上。对于飞机机身这种薄壁结构,非考核区的配平对考核区影响较大。以某飞机前机身严重工况为例,基于飞机全机有限元模型,研究静力试验的载荷配平方案;通过对比分析态载荷与传统试验态配平载荷方案下的内力解,对传统全机静力试验载荷配平方案进行优化。结果表明：优化后的试验态内力解与分析态内力解基本吻合;对于飞机机身薄壁结构,圣维南原理并不适用,全机静力试验的载荷配平要与真实工况受力情况吻合,才能达到试验验证目的。     

一种基于随机优化算法的民用飞机突风动载荷重建方法

民用飞机突风载荷的准确重建对于飞行安全具有十分重要的意义。基于随机优化算法,提出一种突风动载荷重建方法。首先,基于频域气弹耦合方程,建立一个突风动载荷时域分析模型,其次,引入Hicks-Henne 型函数进行突风速度场的参数化建模,在此基础上,基于随机优化算法对各型函数参数进行迭代寻优,使得优化目标值与测量值一致,最终得到重建后的突风速度及对应的动态响应及载荷。最后,以GTA 模型经历1-cos 形状突风为例进行数值仿真。结果表明：本文提出的突风动载荷重建方法可有效实现突风速度场的识别,进而完成突风动载荷的重建;针对本文算例,过载最大误差为3.5%,载荷最大误差不超过1%。