全文获取类型
收费全文 | 773篇 |
免费 | 72篇 |
国内免费 | 72篇 |
专业分类
航空 | 445篇 |
航天技术 | 326篇 |
综合类 | 48篇 |
航天 | 98篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 27篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 30篇 |
2020年 | 32篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 63篇 |
2013年 | 26篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 37篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 33篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 68篇 |
2006年 | 56篇 |
2005年 | 38篇 |
2004年 | 20篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 46篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 21篇 |
1994年 | 63篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
排序方式: 共有917条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
In this paper we review the possible mechanisms for production of non-thermal electrons which are responsible for the observed
non-thermal radiation in clusters of galaxies. Our primary focus is on non-thermal Bremsstrahlung and inverse Compton scattering,
that produce hard X-ray emission. We first give a brief review of acceleration mechanisms and point out that in most astrophysical
situations, and in particular for the intracluster medium, shocks, turbulence and plasma waves play a crucial role. We also
outline how the effects of the turbulence can be accounted for. Using a generic model for turbulence and acceleration, we
then consider two scenarios for production of non-thermal radiation. The first is motivated by the possibility that hard X-ray
emission is due to non-thermal Bremsstrahlung by nonrelativistic particles and attempts to produce non-thermal tails by accelerating
the electrons from the background plasma with an initial Maxwellian distribution. For acceleration rates smaller than the
Coulomb energy loss rate, the effect of energising the plasma is to primarily heat the plasma with little sign of a distinct
non-thermal tail. Such tails are discernible only for acceleration rates comparable or larger than the Coulomb loss rate.
However, these tails are accompanied by significant heating and they are present for a short time of <106 years, which is also the time that the tail will be thermalised. A longer period of acceleration at such rates will result
in a runaway situation with most particles being accelerated to very high energies. These more exact treatments confirm the
difficulty with this model, first pointed out by Petrosian (Astrophys. J. 557:560, 2001). Such non-thermal tails, even if possible, can only explain the hard X-ray but not the radio emission which needs GeV or
higher energy electrons. For these and for production of hard X-rays by the inverse Compton model, we need the second scenario
where there is injection and subsequent acceleration of relativistic electrons. It is shown that a steady state situation,
for example arising from secondary electrons produced from cosmic ray proton scattering by background protons, will most likely
lead to flatter than required electron spectra or it requires a short escape time of the electrons from the cluster. An episodic
injection of relativistic electrons, presumably from galaxies or AGN, and/or episodic generation of turbulence and shocks
by mergers can result in an electron spectrum consistent with observations but for only a short period of less than one billion
years. 相似文献
92.
F. Durret J. S. Kaastra J. Nevalainen T. Ohashi N. Werner 《Space Science Reviews》2008,134(1-4):51-70
An excess over the extrapolation to the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray ranges of the thermal emission from the hot intracluster
medium has been detected in a number of clusters of galaxies. We briefly present each of the satellites (EUVE, ROSAT PSPC
and BeppoSAX, and presently XMM-Newton, Chandra and Suzaku) and their corresponding instrumental issues, which are responsible
for the fact that this soft excess remains controversial in a number of cases. We then review the evidence for this soft X-ray
excess and discuss the possible mechanisms (thermal and non-thermal) which could be responsible for this emission. 相似文献
93.
Sachindra Naik U. Mukherjee B. Paul C.S. Choi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Our work focuses on a comprehensive orbital phase-dependent spectroscopy of the four High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsars (HMXBPs) 4U 1538-52, GX 301-2, OAO 1657-415 and Vela X-1. We hereby report the measurements of the variation of the absorption column density and iron-line flux along with other spectral parameters over the binary orbit for the above-mentioned HMXBPs in elliptical orbits, as observed with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and the BeppoSAX satellites. A spherically symmetric wind profile was used as a model to compare the observed column density variations. Out of the four pulsars, only in 4U 1538-52, we find the model having a reasonable corroboration with the observations, whereas in the remaining three the stellar wind seems to be clumpy and a smooth symmetric stellar wind model appears to be quite inadequate in explaining the data. Moreover, in GX 301-2, neither the presence of a disk nor a gas stream from the companion was validated. Furthermore, the spectral results obtained in the case of OAO 1657-415 and Vela X-1 were more or less similar to that of GX 301-2. 相似文献
94.
95.
M. Ishiguro Y. Sarugaku S. Nishihara Y. Nakada S. Nishiura T. Soyano K. Tarusawa T. Mukai S.M. Kwon S. Hasegawa F. Usui M. Ueno 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Cometary dust trails were first observed by IRAS; they are widely known to be the origins of meteoric showers. A new window has been opened for the study of dust trails, using ground-based observations. We succeeded in obtaining direct images of the 22P/Kopff dust trail with the Kiso 1.05-m Schmidt telescope. Following this initial success, we have continued to perform a dust trail survey at Kiso. As a result of this survey, we have detected dust trails along the orbit of six periodic comets, between February 2002 and March 2004. The optical depth of these dust trails are 10−9 to 10−8, which is consistent with IRAS measurements. In this paper, we describe the observations and data reduction procedures, and report the brief result obtained between February 2002 and March 2004. 相似文献
96.
葛宁 《南京航空航天大学学报》2018,50(2):145-156
首先,对美国20世纪70年代以来各时期涡轴发动机发展规划及其性能演变过程进行了梳理,并分析了不同循环类型及循环参数的选择,进行了性能统计分析。然后,介绍了直升机/发动机一体化设计理论的基础与方法。最后本文提出新一代超低排放涡轴发动机的概念,指出降低总耗油量的同时提高功重比,才能实现超低排放。 相似文献
97.
《中国航空学报》2016,(1):268-273
It is well-known that the application of ultrasound during liquid to solid transitions for alloys can refine the solidification microstructure and thus improves the mechanical properties. How-ever, most published work focuses on single phase dendritic growth, whereas little has been con-ducted on the multiphase alloys with complicated phase transformations during solidification. In this work, the solidification process of ternary Cu40Sn45Sb15 alloy was realized within intensive ultra-sonic field with a resonant frequency of 20 kHz and ultrasound power from 0 W to 1000 W. The ultrasound refines the size of the primary e(Cu3Sn) intermetallic compound by two orders of mag-nitudes. If the ultrasound power increases to 1000 W, g(Cu6Sn5) phase nucleates and grows directly from parent liquid phase without the occurrence of peri-eutectic reaction on the top of the alloy sam-ple where the ultrasound intensity is sufficiently high. These microstructural variations lead to the enhancement of compressive strength and elasticity modulus of ternary Cu40Sn45Sb15 alloy. 相似文献
98.
邹贵生 《南昌航空工业学院学报》1994,(1):71-76
本文通过10CrMo910钢大口径厚壁管道高温模拟试验证实,焊后热处理是一个短时超高温运行过程,它使10CrMo910钢管接头组织提前老化,显著降低了接头的持久寿命。试验结果表明,传统的焊后热处理工序应当取消。 相似文献
99.
为了研究高应变率载荷对于碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料变形破坏行为的影响,通过应变率修正式对复合材料的刚度与强度进行修正,建立了可考虑应变率效应的复合材料损伤数值模型,采用该模型对不同应变率条件下层板结构的面内破坏行为进行了模拟并与文献实验进行了对比分析。计算结果表明:本文所构建的数值模型可以有效预测树脂基层板结构在不同应变率条件下的破坏特征,并在材料刚度与强度硬化现象的预测方面有着较高精度;对于0°、90°铺层主导的试件,由于其力学性能近似为线性,数值模型在强度预测方面获得了较高精度;而对于±45°铺层主导试件,其在不同应变率条件下表现出较强的非线性损伤特性,因此模型在其强度性能预测方面存在一定误差。 相似文献
100.
金属材料的疲劳断裂是工程结构中常见的失效模式。损伤力学将裂纹萌生视为渐进损伤过程,通过损伤演化方程描述并进行寿命预估。但损伤演化方程中的参数需要根据标准实验数据拟合得到,此过程通常需要多参数联合拟合,运算复杂,计算量大,物理意义不明确。为了避免上述问题,基于损伤力学的理论基础,提出了一种新的损伤演化方程参数确定方法,即根据损伤演化方程的性质,结合S-N曲线的特质,通过数学方法提出一种单一参数确定损伤演化方程的单参数方法。本文方法规避了多参数同时拟合的缺点,提高了计算速度计算精度,为工程分析提供了新的选择。通过具体算例验证了本文方法的使用效果。 相似文献