多功能水冷壁排管爬壁机器人的研制

介绍了一种新研制开发的永磁吸附式双履带结构爬壁机器人,主要应用于火力发电站的大型排管锅炉中的水冷壁排管壁面的清扫和检测,并能够在检测到壁面厚度小于预置的极限值处发出报警信号、打标记,具有较高的推广应用价值。文中阐述了该机器人的结构、磁路的优化设计、自动测厚、打标系统和控制系统的研制。目前,该机器人已经经过多次现场试验。各项指标均已达到设计要求。     

磁悬浮径向球面纯电磁磁轴承的设计

针对柱面磁轴承偏转时干扰力矩较大问题,本文提出一种径向球面纯电磁磁轴承设计方法。在本设计中,当磁轴承产生偏转或偏移时,电磁力会指向转子球心,从而降低定子磁极对转子产生的干扰力矩,提高磁轴承的控制精度。首先,阐述球面磁轴承的工作原理并建立数学模型,运用等效磁路理论方法和有限元数值方法分析其电流刚度和位移刚度,2种方法的计算结果基本吻合,表明球面磁轴承的有限元分析模型是合理的。接着,运用有限元方法分析球面磁轴承和柱面磁轴承产生偏转时的干扰力矩,结果表明当转子达到最大偏转角0.3°时,球面磁轴承的干扰力矩是柱面磁轴承的干扰力矩的1.8%,表明球面磁轴承相对于柱面磁轴承在抗干扰力矩能力方面有很大的提高。最后,进一步分析球面磁轴承产生X方向或Z方向偏移时的干扰力矩,计算结果与偏转时干扰力矩的量级相当。综上所述,本文提出的径向球面纯电磁磁轴承有低干扰力矩的优点,可用于航天航空工程中惯性执行机构的高精度控制和角速率检测。     

15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢磁粉检测磁痕分析

针对航空15-5PH马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢在磁粉检测过程中发现的条状、片状和长直磁痕显示进行了总结。分析了不同磁痕显示的特点及微观组织情况,最终确定了磁痕的性质。结合不同热处理状态下的磁特性分析,确立了纯洁度磁粉检测的工艺流程以及磁痕判别方法。研究发现沉淀硬化不锈钢在磁粉检测过程中磁痕显示主要是由铁素体和组织不均匀造成的。研究结论为航空制造过程中沉淀硬化不锈钢的磁粉检测的磁痕判定以及规范的制定提供依据,确保磁粉检测工作的顺利进行。     

航磁补偿技术及补偿质量的评价方法

航磁补偿的目的是要消除飞机平台引入的干扰磁场,对于高精度航空磁探来说,磁补偿质量直接制约了探测效果。文章按照航磁补偿的执行步骤进行了飞机平台磁干扰建模、模型参数求解方法、补偿飞行方案。另外,为了对补偿飞行的质量进行有效控制,采用量化指标对磁补偿效果进行评价,判定补偿效果的优劣。最后,基于 MFC软件平台开发了航磁补偿系数求解及补偿质量评价软件。     

空空导弹惯性开关中圆周磁场对导弹性能的影响

为了提高空空导弹的作战效能和可靠性,由弹载电源向开关电路进行大电流放电,可提高惯性开关中圆柱电极上周磁场的强度,增强抵抗磁钢对钢珠反向作用力的能力,当导弹撞击目标过载较小时,使惯性开关的导通时间也能够满足触发电路工作需要,因此,导弹遇目标不炸的故障概率可得到下降。     

基于磁路法与等效热网络法的航天 永磁同步电机设计与仿真

针对航天永磁同步电机方案初步设计耗时长、过度依赖商业软件的问题,基于磁路法和热网络法,提出了一套方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机磁热性能快速预估与仿真方法。给出了定子内径、定子外径、铁芯长度、匝数等关键参数的取值准则,建立了包含36个节点集总参数热网络模型,并以端部绕组为例给出了热平衡方程的详细推导过程。通过与成熟商业软件对比,其电磁计算最大误差出现在电流有效值上,偏差值为607%;与样机实测值对比,绕组温升最大误差为73%,满足方案设计阶段预示精度要求,为方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机快速性能预估提供有力支撑。     

永磁约束电子束轨迹实验研究

通过设计并运用一种直流电子束轨迹简易测量方法,开展了永磁约束电子束轨迹实验研究,得到了永磁铁环对60~80 ke V电子束约束作用的实验数据。结果表明:该测量方法方便有效,结果较为准确;永磁铁对电子束聚焦作用明显,并呈现出一定的规律性。对永磁铁约束电子束研究工作奠定了基础。     

Modelling and observations of photospheric magnetic helicity

Mounting observational evidence of the emergence of twisted magnetic flux tubes through the photosphere have now been published. Such flux tubes, formed by the solar dynamo and transported through the convection zone, eventually reach the solar atmosphere. Their accumulation in the solar corona leads to flares and coronal mass ejections. Since reconnections occur during the evolution of the flux tubes, the concepts of twist and magnetic stress become inappropriate. Magnetic helicity, as a well preserved quantity, in particular in plasma with high magnetic Reynolds number, is a more suitable physical quantity to use, even if reconnection is involved.     

A statistical study of C IV regions in 20 Oe-stars

In this paper, using the Gauss-Rotation model (GR model), we analyse the UV C IV resonance lines in the spectra of 20 Oe-stars of different spectral subtypes, in order to detect the structure of C IV region. We study the presence and behavior of absorption clouds and analyse their characteristics. From this analysis we can calculate the values of a group of physical parameters, such as the apparent rotational and radial velocities, the random velocities of the thermal motions of the ions, the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), the optical depth, as well as the absorbed energy and the column density of the independent regions of matter, which produce the main and the satellite clouds of the studied spectral lines. Finally, we present the relations between these physical parameters and the spectral subtypes of the studied stars and we give our results about the structure of the C IV region in their atmosphere.     

The Crab pulsar seen with AquEYE at Asiago Cima Ekar observatory

We are developing fast photon-counter instruments to study the rapid variability of astrophysical sources by time tagging photon arrival times with unprecedented accuracy, making use of a Rubidium clock and GPS receiver. The first realization of such optical photon-counters, dubbed AquEYE (the Asiago Quantum Eye), was mounted in 2008 at the 182 cm Copernicus Observatory in Asiago. AquEYE observed the Crab pulsar several times and collected data of extraordinary quality that allowed us to perform accurate optical timing of the Crab pulsar and to study the pulse shape stability on a timescale from days to years with an excellent definition. Our results reinforce the evidence for decadal stability of the inclination angle between the spin and magnetic axis of the Crab pulsar. Future realizations of our instrument will make use of the Galileo Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time signal.