跨音压气机/风扇旋转失速稳定性模型

以一个三维可压缩旋转失速稳定性模型为出发点,通过引入带有激波的半激盘模型建立了针对跨音压气机/风扇的稳定性模型,并通过与一些实验结果的对比验证了模型的有效性。另外,环绕积分求复函数根方法尽管早已存在,但是却不被广泛使用,该方法实际上比N ew ton-R aphson方法具有更稳定和高效的特点,该方法在跨音模型上的成功应用证明了该方法值得推广。      

弹性振动对翼型失速迎角附近流场的影响

通过求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程得到气动力,结合翼型振动方程,计算了翼型不同迎角下的动态过程,分别通过层流和湍流情况的计算,重点研究了弹性振动对翼型失速迎角附近流场的影响,研究结果表明,在中低雷诺数、翼型具有弹性振动的情况下,翼型的失速迎角会比传统定常意义上的失速迎角提前出现,为长期以来数值计算得到的失速迎角与风洞实验、飞行试验结果的不同给出了一种物理解释。     

基于方差分析的某轴流式压气机失速征兆起始检测

及时、准确地检测到压气机不稳定工作的征兆对于保障飞行安全具有重要的意义。为了对某涡喷发动机进行稳定性监控,对节流过程中的压气机机匣壁面静压信号进行了方差分析。分析表明,压力信号的方差可以表征压气机工作状态变化对信号脉动强度的影响,可以提前0 03s-0 07s检测到失速起始征兆,由于算法简单,该方法具有较大的工程应用价值。     

旋翼翼型非定常动态失速响应的计算

基于旋翼非定常翼型气动模型,给出了计算分离流和深度失速状态下的翼型非定常升力、俯仰力矩的数值计算方法。该方法采用半经验指数响应公式,利用数值离散方法来求解翼型的非定常法向力和俯仰力矩。分别计算了NACA0012和SC-1095翼型上的非定常气动载荷,并与可得到的试验结果进行了对比,验证了方法的有效性。文中还讨论了缩减频率和马赫数对动态失速响应的影响;然后,这个模型被改进以适用于后掠流下的翼型动态失速响应计算,分析了后掠角对翼型动态失速响应的影响。最后,得出了一些结论。     

跨声速轴流压气机近失速状态的间隙泄漏流流动特性

为了研究间隙泄漏流以及泄漏涡自身的非定常性对轴流压气机的旋转失速的影响.对跨声速轴流压气机NASA转子37进行全三维定常、非定常的数值模拟,对比了最大效率和近失速工况的实验和数值模拟结果,定常计算所获得的总性能与试验结果符合良好.对于非定常计算,详细分析了NASA转子37近失速工况下流场结果,揭示了NASA转子37在近失速工况点,间隙泄漏流存在较明显的非定常性,这种非定常性表现为间隙泄漏流激波干涉引起间隙泄漏涡的周期性破碎.      

有翼航天飞行器高速动态气动特性试验研究

在CARDC0.6m×0.6m高速风洞中进行了航天飞机类模型的动态失速试验。在M数为0.4～1.2,迎角为0°～75°范围测量了模型的动态气动特性,研究了各种运动参数对动态气动特性的影响。结果表明,在试验范围内,俯仰振荡引起了不同程度的气动迟滞现象,各运动参数对模型的动态气动特性都有重要影响,仅在迎角约为20°～40°时,非定常法向力增量存在,相应的非定常效应较明显。     

跨声轴流压气机等离子体控制实验

为了能有效地拓宽压气机的失稳裕度,在一台跨声轴流压气机上进行了基于介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体激励扩稳的实验研究.实验中分别选取了正弦交流电源和纳秒脉冲电源提供激励,并在跨声压气机40%设计转速和65%设计转速下对其扩稳效果和效率进行了对比分析.结果表明:在40%设计转速时,正弦交流电源和纳秒脉冲电源均能有效拓宽压气机流量范围,其中正弦交流电源激励方式能够使压气机综合失速裕度改善（SMI）达到15.33%.在65%设计转速时,两种激励方式的扩稳效果明显减弱,此时纳秒脉冲电源激励方式的扩稳效果更好.在压气机效率方面,纳秒脉冲电源对压气机设计点的效率影响更小,在40%设计转速时甚至能略微提升其设计点效率.实验结果表明,合理地选择激励方式有助于提高等离子体激励的扩稳效果,为实际压气机中基于介质阻挡放电等离子体激励扩稳措施的设计提供参考.      

Experiments on unsteady vortex flowfield of typical rotor airfoils under dynamic stall conditions

A new experiment for airfoil dynamic stall is conducted by employing the advanced particle image velocimetry(PIV) technology in an open-return wind tunnel. The aim of this experimental investigation is to demonstrate the influences of different motion parameters on the convection velocity, position and strength of leading edge vortex(LEV) of airfoil under different dynamic stall conditions. Two different typical rotor airfoils, OA209 and SC1095, are measured at different free stream velocities, oscillation frequencies, and angles of attack. It is demonstrated by the measured data that the airfoil with larger leading edge radius could notably decrease the strength of LEV. The angle of attack(Ao A) of airfoil can obviously influence the dynamic stall characteristics of airfoil,and the LEV would be effectively inhibited by decreasing the mean pitch angle. In addition, the convection velocity of LEV is estimated in this measurement, and the results demonstrate that the influence of airfoil shape on convection velocity of LEV is limited, but the convection velocity of LEV would be increased by enlarging the oscillation frequency. Meanwhile, the convection velocity of LEV is a time variant value, and this value would increase as the LEV convects to the trailing edge of airfoil.     

失速改出伞阻力特征面积估算方法

研究了高平尾布局飞机的气动特性。使用失速改出伞是飞机改出深失速的重要途径,但如何确定失速改出伞的关键参数(阻力面积等)却没有现成的方法。以ARJ21-700飞机为例,分别使用公式分析法、类比法综合估算出失速改出伞的关键参数,通过模型自由飞和模拟仿真分析验证其具有足够效能将飞机改出深失速状态。形成了一套新机失速改出伞的设计方法和关键数据图表,可供其他型号飞机失速改出伞的设计研制使用。     

Effects of blade aspect ratio and taper ratio on hovering performance of cycloidal rotor with large blade pitching amplitude

In recent years, a lot of research work has been carried out on the cycloidal rotors. However, it lacks thorough understanding about the effects of the blade platform shape on the hover efficiency of the cycloidal rotor, and the knowledge of how to design the platform shape of the blades. This paper presents a numerical simulation model based on Unsteady ReynoldsAveraged Navier–Stokes equations(URANSs), which is further validated by the experimental results. The effects of blade aspect ratio and taper ratio are analyzed, which shows that the cycloidal rotors with the same chord length have quite similar performance even though the blade aspect ratio varies from a very small value to a large one. By comparing the cycloidal rotors with different taper ratios, it is found that the rotors with large blade taper ratio outperform those with small taper ratio. This is due to the fact that the blade with larger taper ratio has longer chord and hence better efficiency. The analysis results show that the unsteady aerodynamic effects due to blade pitching motion play a more important role in the efficiency than the blade platform shape. Therefore we should pay more attention to the blade airfoil and pitching motion than the blade platform shape.The main contributions of this paper include: the analysis of the effects of aspect ratio and taper ratio on the hover efficiency of cycloidal rotor based on both the experimental and numerical simulation results; the finding of the main influencing factors on the hover efficiency; the qualitative guidance on how to design the blade platform shape for cycloidal rotors.