空间站梦天载荷舱结构设计与验证

针对天宫空间站梦天载荷舱提出了采用一种含大开口的半硬壳铆接结构,实现了结构承载、载荷进出舱及载荷试验平台一体化设计。采用数值仿真的方法,考虑主动段飞行及地面整器起吊载荷等因素的影响,进行了结构强度迭代分析,识别结构的潜在薄弱环节,并开展针对性的局部结构验证试验。最后,设计并建立大开口结构的全工况静力试验平台,开展载荷舱整舱静力试验。数值计算与试验所得结果吻合较好,验证了载荷舱大开口结构设计的正确性。载荷舱结构的设计方法及验证思路可为其他飞行器结构提供参考。     

Structure of the Program of Short-term Prediction of Powerful Solar Flares

Input data of the system are two-dimensional images and one-dimensional distributions of total and polarized solar emission at 5.2 cm wavelength obtained with SSRT. Together with photoheliograms, magnetograms, Hα-filtergrams and characteristics of active regions received from other sources, they form the initial database. The first stage includes superimposing the images, identifying microwave sources with active regions, assigning NOAA numbers to the sources, and determining for each active region the heliolatitude, extent, and inclination angle of the group's axis to the equator. These data are used to calculate the boundaries of longitude zones for each active region. A next stage involves determining the brightness temperatures of microwave sources less than the polarization distribution, the degree of polarization, and microwave emission flux, as well as calculating the parameters of microwave sources. Each parameter is assigned its own value of the weight factor, and the sum of values is used to draw the conclusion about the flare occurrence probability in each active region and on the Sun in general.      

基于数值模拟的孔构件挤压强化疲劳寿命预测

为研究飞机机身7050铝合金孔构件挤压强化后的疲劳增益,采用数值模拟与试验研究相结合的方法,对孔构件的挤压强化过程、疲劳加载过程、疲劳裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展过程进行研究。通过数值模拟探究了孔构件在不同状态下危险截面的应力分布和对应的疲劳行为,分析了残余应力场对疲劳性能的影响,探讨了残余应力与疲劳裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展的内在联系,建立了孔构件挤压强化疲劳寿命数值预测模型。结果表明：孔挤压强化引入的残余压应力可以减小孔构件在受载时孔壁最大拉应力,改变疲劳裂纹的萌生位置,抑制疲劳裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展,提高7050铝合金孔构件疲劳寿命近2倍,疲劳寿命数值预测模型误差在12%以内。     

Periodic atomization characteristics of an impinging jet injector element modulated by Klystron effect

An experimental study on the Klystron effect of periodic injection modulated by pressure drop fluctuations on subsequent atomization is conducted. Time-resolved atomization backlit images and atomization Mie scatter images are captured by using the high speed camera. It is found that periodicity of forced atomization relies on pressure drop fluctuation amplitude and phase differences between atomization and pressure drop fluctuations relate to fluctuation frequencies. This feature of periodic atomization induced by Klystron effect corresponds to periodicities and high amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in unstable combustion chambers and chaos and low amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in stable combustions chambers. Drastically periodic varying of gross surface area of droplets with time was shown in Mie scatter images. The importance of periodic impinging jet atomization modulated by pressure drop fluctuations for acoustic liquid propellant combustion instabilities is illustrated.     

Modeling and control for cooperative transport of a slung fluid container using quadrotors

In this paper, dynamic modeling and control problem for transfer of a sloshing liquid container suspended through rigid massless links from a team of quadrotors are investigated. By the proposed solution, pose of the slung container and fluid sloshing modes are stabilized appropriately. Dynamics of the container-liquid-quadrotors system is modeled by Euler-Lagrange method. Fluid slosh dynamics is included using multi-mass-spring model. According to derived model, a proper control law is designed for a system with three or more quadrotors. Implementing the proposed control law, quadrotors can control pose of the container, directions of the links and liquid sloshing modes simultaneously. Stability of closed loop system of tracking errors and sloshing modes are demonstrated using a theory of singularly perturbed systems and Lyapunov stability theorem. Also, the capability of the proposed feedback control laws in solving a formerly organized transport problem of a liquid filled container has been demonstrated in simulations. Moreover, priority of the proposed control scheme to an existing slung load controller in the literature is demonstrated.     

A multi-order method for predicting stability of a multi-delay milling system considering helix angle and run-out effects

In this paper, a multi-delay milling system considering helix angle and run-out effects is firstly established. An exponential cutting force model is used to model the interaction between a work-piece and a cutting tool, and a new approach is presented for accurately calibrating exponential cutting force coefficients and cutter run-out parameters. Furthermore, based on an implicit multi-step Adams formula and an improved precise time-integration algorithm, a novel stability prediction method is proposed to predict the stability of the system. The involved time delay term and periodic coefficient term are integrated as a comprehensive state term in the integral response which is approximated by the Adams formula. Then, a Floquet transition matrix with an arbitrary-order form is constructed by using a series of matrix multiplication, and the stability of the system is determined by the Floquet theory. Compared to classical semi-discretization methods and full-discretization methods, the developed method shows a good performance in convergence, efficiency, accuracy, and multi-order complexity. A series of cutting tests is further carried out to validate the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the calibration process needs a time of less than 5 min, and the stability prediction method is effective.     

Kink mode m = 1 in magnetic tube with discontinuous magnetic field

In this paper, we study conditions of realization and stability of kink modes with azimuthal wave numbers $m=\pm 1$ in cylindrical plasma flex with twisted magnetic field and homogeneous current along its axis. We assume permanent axial magnetic field both inside and outside the flex, surrounded by currentless plasma. Azimuthal magnetic field decreases inversely proportional to the distance from the boundary beyond the flex. We derived dispersion equations for stable and unstable modes in approximation of “thin” plasma flex. The analysis of equations has been provided for the case of discontinuous axial magnetic field on flex’s boundary. Conditions of propagation of wave modes have been defined. It was shown, that unstable modes can be implemented in certain interval of longitudinal wavenumbers. Results can be applied for the interpretation of solar magnetic tubes behavior, using measurements, provided by spacecrafts.     

考虑磨损后含间隙指向机构运动特性

为了提高空间指向机构磨损寿命的预测精度,克服传统静态磨损寿命预测的缺陷,计及间隙、摩擦磨损耦合因素,以实现机构关节动态磨损的精确预测,并对综合考虑间隙、摩擦磨损等因素的空间二维指向机构动力学问题和磨损问题进行了研究。采用牛顿 欧拉法,将间隙变量嵌入动力学模型,构建含间隙二维指向机构的动力学模型。基于Archards磨损模型,找到运动副接触面不同位置处的磨损深度,重构运动副表面形貌,并对磨损前后含间隙指向机构的动态特性进行分析,得到了关节处接触碰撞力和切向摩擦力的变化规律;采用动态拟合变量法和离散处理法分别对含间隙运动副内部间隙与接触力间、运行时间与相对滑移速度间的对应关系进行拟合,并建立了动态磨损数学模型;进一步预测了二维指向机构在跟踪模式、调姿模式下的运行时间分别为1259192h、76444h。研究工作为二维指向机构的本体设计、制造与应用奠定基础。     

轴向间距对转子叶片颤振特性的影响机理

使用自行开发的非定常流固耦合数值模拟程序,研究了上游叶排影响转子叶片颤振特性的机理,采用影响系数法分析轴向间距影响转子气动弹性稳定性的规律。结果表明:在协调叶栅中,叶片吸力面相邻的叶片振动对转子叶片气动阻尼的大小起决定性作用,其影响甚至超过振动叶片本身的影响;多排环境中,导叶（IGV）对转子叶片气动阻尼最小值的影响最大,并使其对应的节径增大;相邻叶片振动引起的通道变化抑制了导叶对非定常压力波的反射作用;随着轴向间距的减小,导叶对非定常压力波的反射作用减弱了非定常压力波的周向衰减,从而增大了叶片振动的非定常影响范围;在多排环境中使用影响系数法需要测量更多的叶片才能得到较为准确的气动阻尼。