进水方式对水冲压发动机性能的影响

在一次燃气参数及总水燃比相同的情况下,研究了进水方式对水冲压发动机性能的影响,所得结论得到了试验结果的部分验证。研究表明,要使发动机获得较高比冲,进水方式的设计至少应该遵循两个原则——一次进水流量和活性铝粉流量接近1∶1;后部进水位置尽量靠前,以使所有水雾都能完全蒸发。     

Microstructure and Properties of Low-pressure Cold Sprayed Al-based Composite Coatings on Magnesium Alloy Surface

Pure Al and Al-30% Al2O3 composite coatings are prepared on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy by low-pressure cold spraying. The morphology and structure of the coatings are analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the effects of the addition of Al2O3 on the microstructure of the Al-based coatings are discussed. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the coatings are fully evaluated by the micro-hardness tester, electronic tensile machine, and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the coating structure is more uniform and denser, and the porosity is significantly reduced after the addition of Al2O3. The interfaces between the coatings and the magnesium alloy substrate are distinct, and the coatings and the substrate are mechanically combined. Compared with the pure Al coating, the microhardness of the Al-Al2O3 composite coating is increased to 61.1 HV0.2, and the bonding strength reaches above 53.1 MPa. The self-corrosion potential of the two coatings is higher than that of the magnesium alloy, and the self-corrosion current density is significantly lower than that of the magnesium alloy substrate. The Al-based coatings prepared by low-pressure cold spraying have high hardness, good bonding strength, and good corrosion resistance, which can be used for the repair and protection of magnesium alloy structural parts.     

射流冷却技术研究

随着电子封装密度的不断提高,液体循环冷却已难以满足部分大功率电子冷却的要求.由于射流冷却的效率大大高于液体循环冷却,目前已成为电子冷却领域的前沿技术.本文对射流冷却基本原理进行了探讨,简述了这一领域的研究发展状况并针对应用提出作者的一些看法.     

新型除氧喷嘴的雾化性能

对新型撞击式除氧喷嘴产生的雾滴尺寸、分布与喷嘴几何参数及工作压力的关系进行了研究。测量使用激光大粒径测量仪,其实时测量范围为75～3000μm。该喷嘴在工作压力为0.1～0.6MPa 时产生,雾滴的索太尔平均粒径小于900μm,粒径随供水压力增加而减小。应进一步研究这种喷嘴的几何参数,特别是射流孔口直径及孔口至撞击杆的距离对雾化的影响,以提高它的雾化性能。     

等离子喷涂制备W丝增强NiAl单层复合材料的界面研究

采用等离子喷涂法制备了W丝增强NiAl单层复合材料并研究了该材料内部与界面相关的问题.研究表明:作为增强体的W丝与NiAl基体具有较好的稳定性,制备态的W/NiAl界面为非冶金结合,其界面处无元素的互扩散及界面反应发生;在模拟热压工艺的两种退火热处理(800 ℃/3 h,1 200 ℃/48 h)状态下,W丝/NiAl界面的结合强度增加,但界面处未出现可见的元素的互扩散层,只是W丝与结晶后NiAl熔滴颗粒之间的氧化物层明显增厚.另一方面,等离子喷涂工艺会给NiAl基体内部带来氧化物的内分界面,该界面的存在会导致NiAl基体的脆断.     

两种实验室方法模拟舰载平台环境下航空电路板的腐蚀行为

为评价干湿交替酸性盐雾和盐雾/SO2复合 2种实验室环境对航空电路板在舰载平台下的腐蚀行为研究的适用性,通过对 2种航空电路板产品开展随舰暴露试验和 2种实验室环境加速试验,分析了舰载平台环境下电路板典型结构的腐蚀机制以及与 2种实验室试验结果的相似性。结果表明,由于舰载平台环境中存在盐雾和 SO2等燃油尾气,导致了电路板有机涂层防护薄弱部位的失效,引发了镀通孔和表面导线的腐蚀,也导致了塑封存储器的失效。对比 2种实验室加速试验方法,盐雾/SO2复合试验在环境效应、环境因素方面对舰载腐蚀环境效应的复现效果更好。     

Ground experimental investigations into an ejected spray cooling system for space closed-loop application

Spray cooling has proved its superior heat transfer performance in removing high heat flux for ground applications.However,the dissipation of vapor–liquid mixture from the heat surface and the closed-loop circulation of the coolant are two challenges in reduced or zero gravity space environments.In this paper,an ejected spray cooling system for space closed-loop application was proposed and the negative pressure in the ejected condenser chamber was applied to sucking the two-phase mixture from the spray chamber.Its ground experimental setup was built and experimental investigations on the smooth circle heat surface with a diameter of 5 mm were conducted with distilled water as the coolant spraying from a nozzle of 0.51 mm orifice diameter at the inlet temperatures of 69.2 °C and 78.2 °C under the conditions of heat flux ranging from 69.76 W/cm~2 to 311.45 W/cm~2,volume flow through the spray nozzle varying from 11.22 L/h to 15.76 L/h.Work performance of the spray nozzle and heat transfer performance of the spray cooling system were analyzed;results show that this ejected spray cooling system has a good heat transfer performance and provides valid foundation for space closed-loop application in the near future.     

喷雾冷却系统启动性能的实验研究

喷雾冷却系统是典型的两相回路系统,其正常工作的前提是顺利启动。为了研究喷雾冷却系统的运行特性和性能,搭建了闭式喷雾冷却实验台并开展了相关研究,系统中的关键部件为齿轮泵、喷嘴、加热器和冷凝器等。实验中对喷雾腔内的液滴聚集现象进行了观察,动态测量了系统沿程的压力和温度分布。通过对实验结果的分析归纳出了影响系统启动和运行的关键因素,给出泵、热沉和加热器启动的合理顺序以及启动前喷雾腔内液体积聚状态对启动性能的影响。     

拔丝机轮毂热喷焊工艺研究

本文就拔丝机轮毂件的热喷焊工艺过程及相关工艺参数进行了研究，这项工艺已成功应用于该轮毂件的生产中。     

喷雾液滴撞击液膜影响参数及流动机理分析

液滴撞击壁面是喷雾冷却中最常见的现象。使用计算流体力学软件中的Volume of Fluid （VOF）模型对液滴撞击壁面过程进行了数值模拟研究，研究了不同参数的液滴撞击壁面液膜过程的水花形态特点，针对水花高度和直径等参数进行了分析，通过运动间断理论和无量纲参数Re和We的变化分析了不同参数对液膜的流动特征和水花形态的影响及水花产生机理。结果表明：大液滴撞击液膜时能够改善液膜的流动状态；过大的液滴速度会产生大量飞溅及表面干涸；液滴撞击薄液膜时，液膜的流动性较好，当0.6<h*<1.2时，液膜的流动性不随液膜厚度改变。