A point-wise least squares spectral analysis (LSSA) of the Caspian Sea level fluctuations,using TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 observations

The Caspian Sea has displayed considerable fluctuations in its water level during the past century. Knowledge of such fluctuation is vital for understanding the local hydrological cycles, climate of the region, and construction activities within the sea and along its shorelines. This study established a point-wise satellite altimetry approach to monitor the fluctuations of the Caspian Sea using a complete dataset of TOPEX/Poseidon for the period 1993 to the middle of 2002, and its follow-on Jason-1 for the period 2002 to August 2009. Therefore, 280 virtual time-series were constructed to monitor the fluctuations. The least squares spectral analysis (LSSA) method is, then employed to find the most significant frequencies of the time-series, while the statistical method of principle component analysis (PCA) is applied to extract the dominant variability of level variations. The study also used the observations of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 over the Volga River along with 5 years of Volga’s water discharge to study its influence on the Caspian Sea level changes. The LSSA results indicate that the lunar semidiurnal (M2) and the Sun semidiurnal (S2) frequencies are the main tidal frequencies of the Caspian Sea with the mean amplitude of 4.2 and 2.8 cm, respectively. A statistically significant long-term frequency (12.5-years period) is also found from altimetry and tide gauge observations. A phase lag, related to the inter-annual frequencies of the Volga River was detected from the point-wise time-series showing level propagation from the northwest to the southeast of the sea. The cross-correlation between the power spectrum of Volga and that of the northern-most, middle, and southern-most points within the Caspian Sea were respectively 0.63, 0.51 and 0.4 of zero-lag correlation, corroborating the influence of the Volga River. The result of PCA also shows that different parts of the Caspian Sea exhibit different amplitudes of level variations, indicating that the point-wise approach, when employing all available satellite measurements could be a suitable method for a preliminary monitoring of this inland water resource as it gives accurate local fluctuations.     

CBOC调制信号及其新型相关函数研究

介绍了复用二进制偏置载波（MBOC）信号的功率谱特性特点,用仿真方法讨论了复合二进制偏置载波（CBOC）信号时域表示及其功率谱密度、自相关函数和伪码跟踪性能,证明了CBOC信号的优越性。针对CBOC信号自相关函数多峰性,给出了一种CBOC信号新型相关函数的产生方法。     

复合材料帽形加筋结构稳定性研究

建立了复合材料帽形加筋结构的参数化有限元模型,给出了两种进行层板结合处的模拟计算方法,通过计算得到了模型的屈曲载荷并总结了加筋结构几何参数对结构稳定性的影响,给出了模型的收敛性分析,对比了模型网格密度对于计算结果的影响,找到最佳的网格密度,提高了模型计算的效率和准确性,为实际的结构设计提供了重要参考,为结构分析提供了依据。     

DEMETER卫星探测到的强震前O^＋浓度变化

利用DEMETER卫星观测数据,采用level-2图像目视解译的方法和重访轨道对比方法,对2006年5月3日发生在汤加群岛的7．9级地震进行分析．从震前6天、震前2天、震前1天和震后2天的level-2图像可看到,电场和等离子体参量在震中上空偏北的位置出现扰动信号,震前的扰动信号幅度随地震时间临近有所增强,扰动持续时间也相应增加;震后2天扰动信号依然存在,其幅度并未减弱．通过对比震前1天的轨道在2006年至2008年内的重访轨道,发现O^＋浓度存在三类较规律的变化特征,即在夏季时,北半球的值高于南半球;冬季时则相反;二分季节时,南北半球含量相当．本文给出了地震和磁暴对O^＋浓度的不同影响,地震影响最靠近震中位置轨道上的O^＋浓度,而磁暴影响全球轨道上O^＋浓度分布．同时获取了DEMETER卫星上朗缪尔探针在上述重访轨道同步探测的电子浓度数据,发现电子浓度与O^＋浓度存在同步增加．等离子体浓度增加的现象可能与地震产生异常电场进而影响电离层结构有关．     

Characteristics of field line resonance type geomagnetic pulsations and variations of plasmaspheric plasma density distribution

The period of field line resonance (FLR) type geomagnetic pulsations depends on the length of the field line and on the plasma density in the inner magnetosphere (plasmasphere), where field lines are closed. Here as FLR period, the period belonging to the maximum occurrence frequency of the occurrence frequency spectrum (equivalent resonance curve) of pulsations has been considered. The resonance system may be replaced by an equivalent resonant circuit. The plasma density would correspond to the ohmic load. The plasma in the plasmasphere originates from the ionosphere, thus FLR period, occurrence frequency are also affected by the maximum electron density in the ionosphere. The FLR period has shown an enhancement with increasing F region electron density, while the occurrence frequency indicated diminishing trend (possible damping effect). Thus, the increased plasma density may be the cause of the decreased occurrence of FLR type pulsations in the winter months of solar activity maximum years (winter anomaly).     

Pre-storm behaviour of NmF2 and TEC (GPS) over equatorial and low latitude stations in the Indian sector

The pre-storm behavior of NmF₂ and TEC over an equatorial station, Trivandrum (8.47°N, 76.91°E, dip 0.6°S) and a low latitude station, Waltair (17.7°N,83.3°E, dip 20°N) has been studied for a total of 18 strong geomagnetic storms with DST ? −100 nT. The simultaneous measurements of GPS-TEC and NmF₂ over Trivandrum and Waltair during the period 2000–2005 have been considered for the present study. It is found that there is a substantial increase in NmF₂ and TEC before the onset of the storm over Waltair, while the increase is not present at Trivandrum. The origin of pre-storm enhancements in electron density still remains unresolved owing to several conditions in their potential sources and occurrence mechanisms. In the present study an attempt is made to identify the possible mechanisms responsible for such enhancements in electron density of the F-region.     

基于当量概率密度函数的模糊可靠性分析方法

实际工程中,结构系统的属性以及所受外载荷常常具有随机性和模糊性的特点。对于功能函数中含有模糊分布参数(FDP)的随机变量问题,如何准确且简便地评估其可靠性,是十分重要的。依据随机性和模糊性的基本概念,提出了当量概率密度函数的模糊可靠性分析方法。以FDP的隶属函数为基础,构造FDP的先验分布,应用Bayes理论,得到含有FDP随机变量的当量概率密度函数,并推导出具有常用隶属函数的FDP随机变量的数学期望和方差。这样就把含有FDP的随机变量处理成常规随机变量,进而可以应用传统的可靠性方法来分析结构的可靠性。本文所提方法解决了功能函数中含有多个FDP的随机变量时,模糊概率计算困难的问题。最后通过算例,与常用的模糊概率的可靠性分析方法进行比较,来验证本文算法的有效性。     

提高同位素测量航空燃油密度精度的方法研究

在介绍利用同位素放射性原理测量航空燃油密度的机理及测量系统构成的基础上,针对测量中出现的同位素射线初始强度发生波动对测量结果造成干扰的现象,提出了2种解决方法(测量结果修正方法和双探测器差动测量方法),并从原理上论述了利用这2种方法提高同位素航空燃油测量系统抗干扰性能和测量精度的可行性.      

基于光谱信息散度的光谱解混算法

光谱解混是高光谱遥感定量化的关键,提出了一种基于光谱信息散度和光谱混合分析的光谱解混改进算法(SID-SMA,Spectral Information Divergence-Spectral Mixed Analysis).以光谱信息散度判定最优端元子集,端元选择时采用端元的初选和二次选择来提高端元选择的精度,得到较小的丰度估计误差.通过光谱库模拟数据的结果可以看出,SID-SMA的端元选择精度和丰度估计精度要优于其他算法,当信噪比为100∶ 1时,算法端元选择正确率达到了99.8%,29个端元的丰度估计总误差小于0.1,并且算法的速度较快.     

模压压力对焦炭颗粒增强沥青基炭复合材料性能的影响(英文)

采用普通液压机和新型高效的模压半炭化成型工艺,在大气环境下制备出了高密度、低成本的焦炭颗粒增强沥青基炭复合材料.研究了模压压力对焦炭颗粒增强沥青基炭复合材料的体积密度和抗压强度的影响趋势,并探讨了复合材料的体积密度与抗压强度之间的相互关系.结果表明,增大模压压力,沥青基炭复合材料的体积密度和抗压强度随之明显增加;继续增大模压压力,体积密度仍然呈上升趋势,但抗压强度却突然下降;沥青基炭复合材料的体积密度越高,其抗压强度未必也就越大.