基于行波与模态的混合方法对Timoshenko梁进行振动主动控制

 基于Timoshenko梁理论,采用波控制和独立模态空间混合方法,对悬臂梁的振动控制问题进行研究。采用波控制方法实现对Timoshenko梁结构的一点或多点的横向位移的振动控制。首先,基于结构的整体运动,采用模态坐标控制方法,对结构振动进行整体控制设计。而后,基于结构的局部性质,采用波方法吸收结构振动中的高频能量并求出Timoshenko梁中波的反射因数和透射因数。理论上研究了单位力扰动下的悬臂梁的振动。考虑的具体方法是将PD反馈波控制与基于极点配置法设计的模态控制相结合。最后给出数值结果。     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

New Cutting Force Modeling Approach for Flat End Mill

A new mechanistic cutting force model for flat end milling using the instantaneous cutting force coefficients is proposed. An in-depth analysis shows that the total cutting forces can be separated into two terms: a nominal component independent of the runout and a perturbation component induced by the runout. The instantaneous value of the nominal component is used to calibrate the cutting force coefficients. With the help of the perturbation component and the cutting force coefficients obtained above, the cutter runout is identified. Based on simulation and experimental results, the validity of the identification approach is demonstrated. The advantage of the proposed method lies in that the calibration performed with data of one cutting test under a specific regime can be applied for a great range of cutting conditions.     

Investigation on the Thermal Conductivity of 3-Dimensional and 4-Directional Braided Composites

It is vital to choose a factual and reasonable micro-structural model of braided composites for improving the calculating precision of thermal property of 3-D braided composites by finite element method (FEM). On the basis of new microstructure model of braided composites proposed recently, the model of FEM calculation for thermal conductivity of 3-dimennsional and 4-directional braided composites is set up in this paper. The curves of coefficient of effective thermal conductivity versus fiber volume ratio and interior braiding angle are obtained. Furthermore, comparing the results of FEM with the available experimental data,the reasonability and veracity of calculation are confirmed at the same time.     

阻力伞附加质量与阻力系数修正方法

在阻力伞试验,特别是高速滑车试验过程中,由于阻力伞系统作非匀加速的非定常运动以及前置体尾流场的影响,现有的阻力伞试验数据计算方法已经难以准确计算其阻力系数.本文针对阻力伞试验过程中的这种非定常运动和尾流干扰特性,对阻力伞系统进行了动力学分析,并对阻力伞非定常运动过程中的附加质量和尾流场特性进行了理论研究,提出了阻力伞双...     

利用红外加热笼进行低热流模拟的设计方法研究

在航天器热平衡试验中,散热面区域的低热流密度要求往往难以实现。在以往的试验中,考虑到加热笼覆盖系数对热流密度均匀性的影响,通常选用红外灯阵作为主要的外热流模拟装置。但是红外灯阵体积和热容较大,形状适应性不强,对试验容器空间要求较高。文章利用仿真的手段研究了加热笼的覆盖系数对热流密度均匀性的影响,探讨了利用红外加热笼进行低热流模拟的可行性。     

Shock protection of penetrator-based instrumentation via a sublimation approach

It is often necessary for space-borne instrumentation to cope with substantial levels of shock acceleration both in the initial launch phase, as well as during entry, descent and landing in the case of planetary exploration. Current plans for a new generation of penetrator-based space missions will subject the associated on-board instrumentation to far greater levels of shock, and ways must therefore be found to either ruggedize or else protect any sensitive components during the impact phase. In this paper, we present an innovative method of shock protection that is suited for use in a number of planetary environments, based upon the temporary encapsulation of said components within a waxy solid which may then be sublimated to return the instrument back to its normal operation. We have tested this method experimentally using micromachined silicon suspensions under applied shock loads of up to 15,000g, and found that these were able to survive without incurring damage. Furthermore, quality factor measurements undertaken on these suspensions indicate that their mechanical performance remains unaffected by the encapsulation and subsequent sublimation process.     

PVA浓度对电纺制备ZnO纳米纤维吸波性能的影响

采用静电纺丝法制备ZnO纳米纤维,研究聚乙烯醇(PVA)浓度对ZnO纳米纤维微观形貌、介电性能和吸波性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着PVA浓度从6%增至10%,ZnO纳米纤维直径变细,但珠结增加,粗细不均。当PVA浓度为8%时,ZnO纳米纤维直径较细、粗细均匀、表面光滑、珠结较少,形貌最好。此时,其介电常数达到最高值,实部为15.4~20.8,虚部为3.6~4.7,并在较薄的厚度下具有最优的吸波性能。当70%(质量分数/%,下同)ZnO纳米纤维/石蜡样品的厚度为1.3 mm时,反射率低于–5 dB的吸收带宽达到5.4 GHz(12.6~18 GHz),最小反射率为–16.6 dB。此外,石蜡含量也对样品的介电性能和吸波性能具有重要影响,随着石蜡含量的增加,样品的介电常数降低,当石蜡含量为30%和20%时,样品具有较好的吸波性能。     

凹槽对涡轮叶片前缘换热特性影响的实验研究

为了探究带有凹槽造型的涡轮叶片前缘结构的换热特性,采用瞬态热色液晶技术研究了凹槽对涡轮叶片前缘外表面换热系数的影响,获得了不同主流雷诺数以及湍流度下涡轮叶片原始前缘结构及带两种不同深度凹槽的前缘结构外表面的换热系数分布数据,并采用努塞尔数评估对比了三种结构下的换热特性。实验结果表明：原始前缘结构存在高换热系数区,随着湍流度的增大,高换热核心区显著增大;由于凹槽对滞止区域的流动产生了影响,带凹槽的前缘结构在不同工况下均表现出将原始结构高换热核心区分割为凹槽两侧突出边缘的高换热区和槽内低换热区的分布特征;凹槽可以显著降低前缘表面的换热强度,带浅凹槽的前缘结构在前缘表面的面平均努塞尔数相比原始前缘结构降低约7.9%~14.5%,带深凹槽的前缘结构相比原始前缘结构降低约9.1%~20.9%;与Reg=200,000相比,当Reg=150,000时,带凹槽的前缘结构相比原始结构的低换热优势更强。     

相关系数平稳过程时频分析方法

相关系数平稳过程是从非平稳过程中分离出的一类工程上常见且便于研究的随机过程,其均值和方差都可随时间变化,传统的平稳随机过程是它的一个特例。本文提出了相关系数AR(p),MA(q)和ARMA(p,q)序列的概念,建立了相关系数平稳过程的时频分析方法。该方法首先在时域进行全程分析,得到相关系数平稳过程的均值函数、方差函数和相关系数函数,然后可以对其进行傅里叶变换、短时傅里叶变换或小波变换,给出相关系数平稳过程的谱密度,同时提出了随机项谱密度和趋势项谱密度的概念。文中还讨论了线性系统对相关系数平稳过程输入的响应。