航天器有限时间自适应姿态跟踪容错控制

非刚体航天器存在时变的惯量、执行器完全失效或衰退故障以及外界干扰的情况,提出一种有限时间自适应姿态跟踪容错控制方法。首先,基于有限时间理论和自适应方法,设计惯量不确定性自适应估计项和外界干扰参数自适应估计项进行系统补偿,克服惯量不确定性和抑制外界干扰;然后,基于容错控制和双幂次方法,设计一种自适应有限时间姿态跟踪容错控制算法,并且利用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明所提算法能够保证航天器姿态跟踪系统实际有限时间稳定;最后,对仿真结果进行验证。结果表明:所提有限时间姿态跟踪容错控制方法是有效的。     

热激励在超声速进气道内对激波诱导的边界层分离的控制机理

通过数值模拟的方法研究了马赫5的超声速进气道内,热激励对激波/边界层相互作用的控制机理。研究了热激励器放热功率(E)、热激励器展向放置数目(N)和热激励器到控制激波的距离(S)三个参数在超声速进气道内激波控制和边界层分离改善中的表现。分别针对以下四种条件进行了数值模拟:1)E=2k W、N=2、S=0.02m;2)E=3k W、N=2、S=0.02m;3)E=2k W、N=3、S=0.02m;4)E=2k W、N=2、S=0m。分析发现:在以上四种条件下,均可观察到热激励在控制激波和改善激波诱导边界层分离上有着显著的效果。热激励器的放热功率对激波的控制效果有着明显的影响,在本文所考虑的热激励能量范围内,放热功率越大,原激波角的改变越大,最终分离区的改变越明显;展向放置的热激励器数目N影响着输入到流场的能量密度,并且N越大,壁面附近的激波面越趋于平面。尽管N对上壁面沿展向的压力分布无明显影响,但对上壁面分离区大小有明显的影响;对比条件1和4下的计算结果,发现S=0.02m可以得到很好的控制效果,而S=0m时流场结构几乎没有变化,这就表明热激励器必须放置在控制激波上游的一定距离处才会有预期的效果。     

Effects of splined shaft bending rigidity on cylinder tilt behaviour for high-speed electro-hydrostatic actuator pumps

High-speed axial piston pumps are hydraulic power supplies for electro-hydrostatic actuators(EHAs). The efficiency of a pump directly affects the operating performance of an EHA, and an understanding of the physical phenomena occurring in the cylinder/valve plate interface is essential to investigate energy dissipation. The effects of the splined shaft bending rigidity on the cylinder tilt behaviour in an EHA pump need to be considered, because the deflection and radial expansion of a steel shaft rotating at a high speed cannot be ignored. This paper proposes a new mathematical model to predict the cylinder tilt behaviour by establishing a quantitative relationship between the splined shaft deflection, the cylinder tilt angle, and the tilt azimuth angle. The moments exerted by the splined shaft are included in the equilibrium equation of the cylinder. The effects of solid and hollow splined shafts equipped in an EHA pump prototype are compared at variable speeds of 5000–10,000 r/min. With a weight saving of 29.7%, the hollow shaft is experimentally found to have almost no influence on the volumetric efficiency, but to reduce the mechanical efficiency by 0.6–2.4%. The results agree with the trivial differences of the simulated central gap heights of the interface between the two shafts and the enlargement of the simulated tilt angles by the hollow shaft. The findings could guide designs of the cylinder/valve plate interface and the splined shaft to improve both the efficiency and power density of an EHA pump.     

Experimental study of rotating gliding arc discharge plasma-assisted combustion in an aero-engine combustion chamber

The combustion chamber is the core component of an aero-engine, and affects its reliability and security operation, even the performance of the aircraft. In this work, a Plasma-Assisted Combustion(PAC) test platform was developed to validate the feasibility of using PAC actuators to enhance annular combustor performance. Two plans of PAC(rotating gliding arc discharge plasma) were designed, Assisted Combustion from Primary Holes(ACPH) and Assisted Combustion from Dilution Holes(ACDH). Comparative experiments and analysis between conventional combustion and PAC were conducted to study the effects of ACPH and ACDH on the performances including average outlet temperature, combustion efficiency, pattern factor under four different excessive air coefficients(0.8, 1, 2, and 4), and lean blowout performance at different inlet airflow velocities. Experimental results show that the combustion efficiency is improved after PAC compared with that in normal conditions, and the combustion efficiency of ACPH increases2.45%, 1.49%, 1.04%, and 0.47%, while it increases 2.75%, 1.67%, 1.36%, and 0.36% under ACDH conditions. The uniformity of the outlet temperature field and the lean blowout performance are improved after PAC. Especially for ACPH, the widening of the lean blowout limit is8.3%, 12.4%, 12.8%, and 25% respectively when the inlet velocity ranges from 60 m/s to120 m/s. These results offer new perspectives for using PAC devices to enhance aero-engine combustors' performances.     

力综合式余度伺服机构故障检测门限设定方法

本文论述了力综合式余度伺服机构的故障检测问题。根据伺服机构的位置控制精度要求,导出了压差故障门限的估算公式,其结论便于工程应用。     

在主减速器斜撑杆上安装压电叠层作动器的直升机主动隔振

采用安装在主减斜撑杆上的压电叠层作动器建立了直升机主动隔振系统。基于压电材料本构关系推导了压电叠层作动器的驱动方程,建立了压电叠层作动器驱动的主减主动隔振系统动力学模型。采用了自适应滤波控制方法,通过最小均方算法实现了自适应控制。直升机主动隔振仿真实验表明了该系统具有高效的隔振效果。     

一种基于波形弹簧的空间驱动机构轴承预紧力研究

基于波形弹簧提出了一种针对空间驱动机构角接触轴承的预紧力方法;文中对波形弹簧进行了设计,对波形弹簧进行了常温、耐压后、高低温刚度试验,验证了波形弹簧刚度的稳定性;然后将波形弹簧安装在驱动机构中,使用压力传感器监测波形弹簧施加在轴承上的预紧力;最后将驱动机构连同波形弹簧、压力传感器进行了高低温试验。试验表明,该种方式对轴承施加的预紧力,在高低温条件下性能稳定,具备一定的工程可行性。     

自动功率因数调整器中的计数式模糊控制方法

本文提出了自动功率因数调整器中的计数式模糊控制方法，描述了控制对象的特点和控制准则，并且定义了一般计数式模糊控制器概念，从而为计算机控制系统设计得出了一种新的方法。     

Structural Design and Control Strategy Analysis of Micro/Nano Transmission Platform

A fully flexure micro/nano transmission platform(MNTP)which has five degrees of freedom is designed on the basis of bridge type amplification mechanism.According to the kinematic theory and the elastic beam theory,the theoretical output displacement equation of the platform is derived,and then piezoelectric actuator(PZT)is calibrated.Meanwhile,a full closed-loop control strategy of the platform is established using the feedforward proportional-integral-derivative(PID)compound control algorithm based on the Preisach model.Moreover,the total transfer function of the micro positioning system is derived,and the calculation method of output signal is acquired.Finally,the theoretical output displacement is verified by finite element analysis(FEA)and positioning experiments.     

基于压电叠层作动器的柔性自旋导弹振动控制

针对柔性自旋导弹弹性振动问题,提出将压电叠层作动器应用于导弹弹性振动控制方法。将导弹简化为非均匀自由-自由Timoshenko梁模型,考虑陀螺效应和推力作用,将压电叠层作动器应用于导弹弹性振动,基于有限元方法建立含有压电叠层作动器的柔性自旋导弹动力学模型,同时设计模糊滑模控制器,对质量偏心引起的不平衡响应进行数值仿真,通过与不同控制方法进行对比,验证该方法的有效性。