高分七号卫星高精度控制技术与验证

高分七号卫星（GF-7）控制系统，一方面通过研制甚高精度星敏感器和高平稳度翼板驱动机构（SADA），提高部件性能指标；另一方面采用在轨参数标定、星地闭环补偿等控制技术，进一步提高系统性能。经飞行验证表明，控制系统实现了角秒级姿态测量精度，稳定度达到10-5(°)/s量级，与同类型测绘卫星控制系统比较，姿态测量精度和稳定度均达到中国领先、国际先进的水平，使中国遥感测绘卫星控制能力得到了大幅提升。最后展望了GF-7卫星控制分系统进一步提高控制精度的发展方向。     

Exoplanetary searches with gravitational microlensing: Polarization issues

There are different methods for finding exoplanets such as radial spectral shifts, astrometrical measurements, transits, timing etc. Gravitational microlensing (including pixel-lensing) is among the most promising techniques with the potentiality of detecting Earth-like planets at distances about a few astronomical units from their host star or near the so-called snow line with a temperature in the range 0–100 ^°C on a solid surface of an exoplanet. We emphasize the importance of polarization measurements which can help to resolve degeneracies in theoretical models. In particular, the polarization angle could give additional information about the relative position of the lens with respect to the source.     

基于空心碳球的超黑涂层的制备与性能研究

针对空间光学系统中的杂散光抑制难题,设计并制备了基于空心碳球(HCS)的超黑涂层。对涂层的颜基比进行优化,发现在最佳颜基比1∶2的条件下,可获得高达0.983的太阳吸收比,结合力等级为2级,符合应用要求。研究表明:在涂层成膜过程中,黏合剂并未进入HCS中空部分,保留的亚波长小孔可有效降低涂层表观折射率,从而降低涂层在太阳波段上的反射率;HSC团聚形成的颗粒有助于涂层形成微米级陷光结构,进一步提高涂层的太阳吸收比。     

基于可靠性安全系数的折叠展开机构可靠性分析

太阳翼系统是卫星的重要组成部分,其故障可能导致卫星无法正常运行,保证卫星太阳翼机构的可靠性具有重要意义。为了实现折叠展开机构的可靠性优化设计,首先,介绍卫星太阳翼机构的重要性及其可靠性的研究现状,提出基于可靠性安全系数的卫星太阳翼展开可靠性分析方法;其次,研究基于可靠性安全系数的概念,并推导其表达式;最后,以某型卫星太阳翼机构参数为例进行展开运动分析计算,验证所提方法的合理性和可行性。该方法可为卫星太阳翼机构及其他类似机构的可靠性设计提供有益参考。     

双轴旋转惯导系统轴系间安装偏差角的标校方法

双轴旋转调制技术作为一种惯导系统误差自动补偿技术,在长航时高精度导航领域得到广泛应用。然而,由于惯测单元相对载体的旋转运动,无法直接表征载体真实的航姿信息,需要进行相应的调制解调;影响解调精度的主要是惯测单元测量轴与内环轴、内环轴与外环轴的安装偏差角的标定精度,针对此问题,提出了一种轴系间安装偏差角的标校方法。经验证,该方法具有很高的标定精度,解调所得航姿信息能够准确表征载体的真实航姿,具有很高的工程应用价值。     

噪声调制连续波雷达信号波形射频隐身特性

雷达信号波形的射频(RF)隐身性能是雷达系统能否适应现代战场环境的重要因素,雷达射频隐身信号波形设计是现代雷达系统设计中的重要课题.首先,在介绍随机噪声信号雷达原理的基础上,基于Schleher截获因子阐述了噪声调制连续波雷达信号波形的射频隐身特性.然后,分析了高斯噪声相位和频率调制连续波雷达输出自相关函数和高斯噪声相...     

旋转调制式激光惯性测量单元的误差标定研究

本文针对旋转调制式激光惯性测量单元的结构特点,分析了其误差特性,提出了单元体自旋转的误差标定方法,实现了惯性测量单元的误差分离与快速精确标定.实验证明该方法测试方法简单,操作过程容易,标定结果满足系统精度的需要.     

复杂背景下远距离合作信标识别与定位

传统的飞行器合作信标测控中,以常规光源作为信标,不具备复杂环境的适应能力,尤其存在主动干扰源的情况,如何准确识信标是电视跟踪与测控领域的重点研究内容。本文对信标设计与识别定位方法进行研究,采用激光光源作为合作信标,设计可调制驱动电路,将信息编码调制技术应用在调制光源中,实现了可调制合作信标;并设计了调制与成像解调耦合的处理算法,可有效区分干扰目标与真实目标。试验结果表明,本文设计的可调制信标满足需求,调制与解调处理算法可实现合作信标的精确识别与定位,具备抗干扰能力。     

The Observational Motivation for Computational Advances in Solar Flare Physics

A solar flare is a violent and transient release of energy in the corona of the Sun, associated with the reconfiguration of the coronal magnetic field. The major mystery of solar flare physics is the precise nature of the conversion of stored magnetic energy into the copious accelerated particles that are observed indirectly by the radiation that they produce, and also directly with in situ detectors. This presents a major challenge for theory and modeling. Recent years have brought significant observational advances in the study of solar flares, addressing the storage and release of magnetic energy, and the acceleration and propagation of fast electrons and ions. This paper concentrates on two topics relevant to the early phase of a flare, magnetic reconnection and charged particle acceleration and transport. Some recent pertinent observations are reviewed and pointers given for the directions that, this reviewer suggests, computational models should now seek to take.     

Influence of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field on the Solar Wind Flow about Planetary Obstacles

The main effects caused by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are analyzed in cases of supersonic solar wind flow around magnetized planets (like Earth) and nonmagnetized (like Venus) planets. The IMF has a relatively weak strength in the solar wind but it is enhanced considerably in the so-called plasma depletion layer or magnetic barrier in the vicinity of the streamlined obstacle (magnetopause of a magnetized planet, or ionopause of a nonmagnetized planet). For magnetized planets, the magnetic barrier is a source of free magnetic energy for magnetic reconnection in cases of large magnetic shear at the magnetopause. For nonmagnetized planets, mass loading of the ionospheric particles is very important. The new created ions are accelerated by the electric field related to the IMF, and thus they gain energy from the solar wind plasma. These ions form the boundary layer within the magnetic barrier. This mass loading process affects considerably the profiles of the magnetic field and plasma parameters in the flow region.