MEO导航卫星在轨放气产生的干扰力矩研究

摘要： 针对多颗MEO导航卫星太阳翼展开后产生比较明显的干扰力矩,对卫星稳定控制产生了一定影响的现象,本文根据动力学模型、姿态、角速度和飞轮转速变化,给出了干扰力矩计算方法,并结合多颗卫星在轨遥测数据进行计算,得出放气期间产生的干扰力矩.通过使用此干扰力矩进行仿真得出,卫星模拟器结果和在轨表现基本一致.此研究有助于优化卫星飞控流程,并指导卫星放气孔设计.     

提高光纤陀螺开机零偏稳定性的调制方法

针对光纤陀螺在开机启动时零偏不稳定的问题,从机理上分析了2π电压初始对准及前向增益变化对零偏的影响.提出了一种新的组合调制方法,通过4种状态的调制、解调,实现了对Y波导2π电压的快速调整,有效缩短2π电压在陀螺开机时的初始对准时间,由5min缩短至1 s,克服了目前方波调制的缺陷.经频域分析和实验验证,该组合调制方法还可以抑制由调制引起的交叉干扰,能够有效抑制前向增益变化对陀螺零偏的影响,从而使前向增益变化导致的陀螺开机零偏变化由0.03(°)/h减小至0.01(°)/h.     

航空供电系统交流负载的半实物仿真技术

为方便航空供电系统交流负载用电性能的研究,提出了交流负载的半实物仿真技术.以电压型脉冲宽度调制整流拓扑结构和三相电流的解耦控制为基础,采用复合补偿结构保证快速性;增加一组桥臂为中线电流提供通路;在电网端加入滤波器滤除开关谐波以得到更真实的负载特性.交流负载的半实物仿真技术在115 V,400 Hz的航空电源系统中实现了网侧电流跟踪上位机数字仿真后的给定电流的功能,模拟了交流负载的功率因数、电流谐波和不平衡性的动态变化过程.通过仿真实验结果表明了提出的半实物仿真技术的精度和快速性都达到了要求,为航空供电系统交流负载用电性能的研究提供了工具.      

基于FPGA的MBOC中频调制信号的实现

MBOC调制信号是Galileo和GPS系统的互操作导航信号调制方式。在研究MBOC调制信号产生机理的基础上,对MBOC调制信号的特性进行了分析,并在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)平台上实现了MBOC调制信号,给出了仿真和测试结果。实验表明,该实现方式正确可行,对于新的导航信号结构的研究和新一代接收机的研制具有极其重要的意义。     

X级以上耀斑与地磁效应关系研究

统计研究了2010年1月至2012年12月期间所有与耀斑爆发相伴生的日冕物质抛射(CME) 引发的地磁暴事件. 结果表明, 对于CME源区其主要分布在日面 45°E-45°W, 占总数的78.95%, 且西半球比东半球多, 即源区位于西半球的CME易产生地磁效应; X级耀斑与地磁效应的关联性更高, 60.0%的 X级耀斑在其爆发后的2～3天内观测到地磁暴, 而其他级别的耀斑与地磁效应的关联性低得多, 均不足10%; 通过对此期间日面爆发的所有X级耀斑研究分析后发现, 对于源区位于日面东经45°E-45°W 的X级耀斑, 若在其爆发过程中没有大尺度日面扰动, 则无伴生CME且后续产生地磁效应的可能性很低. 由此提出一种通过分析日面观测数据进行地磁暴预报的方法.      

The charge-sign dependent effect in the solar modulation of cosmic rays

The centennial anniversary of the discovery of cosmic rays was in 2012. Since this discovery considerable progress has been made on several aspects related to galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere. It is known that they encounter a turbulent solar wind with an imbedded heliospheric magnetic field when entering the Sun’s domain. This leads to significant global and temporal changes in their intensity inside the heliosphere, a process known as the solar modulation of cosmic rays. The prediction of a charge-sign dependent effect in solar modulation in the late 1970s and the confirmatory observational discoveries can also be considered as a milestone. A short review is given of these predictions based on theoretical and numerical modelling work, the observational confirmation and related issues.     

Surface-Exosphere-Magnetosphere System Of Mercury

Mercury is a poorly known planet, since the only space-based information comes from the three fly-bys performed in 1974 by the Mariner 10 spacecraft. Ground-based observations also provided some interesting results, but they are particularly difficult to obtain due to the planet’s proximity to the Sun. Nevertheless, the fact that the planet’s orbit is so close to the Sun makes Mercury a particularly interesting subject for extreme environmental conditions. Among a number of crucial scientific topics to be addressed, Mercury’s exosphere, its interaction with the solar wind and its origin from the surface of the planet, can provide important clues about planetary evolution. In fact, the Hermean exosphere is continuously eroded and refilled by these interactions, so that it would be more proper to consider the Hermean environment as a single, unified system – surface-exosphere-magnetosphere. These three parts are indeed strongly linked to each other. In recent years, the two missions scheduled to explore the iron planet, the NASA MESSENGER mission (launched in March 2004) and the ESA cornerstone mission (jointly with JAXA) BepiColombo (to be launched in 2012), have stimulated new interest in the many unresolved mysteries related to it. New ground-based observations, made possible by new technologies, have been obtained, and new simulation studies have been performed. In this paper some old as well as the very latest observations and studies related to the surface-exosphere-magnetosphere system are reviewed, outlining the investigations achievable by the planned space-based observations. This review intends to support the studies, in preparation of future data, and the definition of specific instrumentation.     

Education and Public Outreach for Nasa’s Deep Impact Mission

The Deep Impact mission’s Education and Public Outreach (E/PO) program brings the principles of physics relating to the properties of matter, motions and forces and transfer of energy to school-aged and public audiences. Materials and information on the project web site convey the excitement of the mission, the principles of the process of scientific inquiry and science in a personal and social perspective. Members of the E/PO team and project scientists and engineers, share their experiences in public presentations and via interviews on the web. Programs and opportunities to observe the comet before, during and after impact contribute scientific data to the mission and engage audiences in the mission, which is truly an experiment.     

MHD Waves and Heating in Coronal Holes

Coronal holes have been identified as source regions of the fast solar wind, and MHD wave activity has been detected in coronal holes by remote sensing, and in situ in fast solar wind streams. I review some of the most suggestive wave observations, and discuss the theoretical aspects of MHD wave heating and solar wind acceleration in coronal holes. I review the results of single fluid 2.5D MHD, as well as multi-fluid 2.5D MHD models of waves in coronal holes, the heating, and the acceleration of the solar wind be these waves.     

太阳能热动力系统吸热/蓄热器能量分析

空间太阳能热动力发电系统是一种新型的空间电力系统。吸热 /蓄热器是热动力发电系统关键部件之一。吸热 /蓄热器采用的蓄热方式是相变蓄热。通过对吸热 /蓄热器的能量分析 ,可以很好的了解吸热器的能量传递 ,以及相变材料的工作过程。建立了太阳能热动力发电系统吸热器腔体辐射模型 ,结合换热管的传热模型计算了吸热器的传热过程。得到了吸热器的能量损失、工质吸收能量、PCM的潜热储能和显热储能等重要指标 ,并且得到了换热管最大温度 ,工质出口温度等重要结果。计算结果可以用于吸热器的设计