水空两栖太阳能四旋翼气动特性研究

太阳能四旋翼无人机结合了太阳能飞行器和四旋翼飞行器的优点,已受到广泛关注,但由于太阳能板的存在,旋翼的安装高度和轴距会对整机的气动效能产生影响。通过基于粒子法格子玻尔兹曼技术的XFlowCFD软件,对太阳能四旋翼无人机的整机流场进行非定常数值模拟,并分析该飞行器的气动特性。结果表明:旋翼高度对整机升力的影响较小,旋翼的安装轴距越大整机的升力越大,其主要原因是轴距较小时,旋翼产生的下洗流冲击在太阳能板上,对整机产生气动干扰。     

基于深度学习的太阳10.7 cm射电流量日值的中期预报

针对太阳10.7cm射电流量中期日值预报问题,采用深度学习方法,建立了一个典型的基于多层感知器模型的神经网络。该网络采用1个包含90个神经元的隐含层,实现了一种非参数的时间序列自回归模型。预报中不仅考虑历史日值,还考虑了历史预报误差。模型根据前27d的历史数据实现了未来27d的日值预报。通过对50多年数据的训练和试验分析,该方法在短期和中期预报上较传统方法的相对误差明显降低。特别是模型经一次训练后,参数可以完全固定,不同于以往研究参数需要每天滚动更新,大大简化了日常预报,同时极为有利于模型在其他相关应用中的推广。     

紫外辐照下透明聚氨酯胶片老化机理

针对高端夹层玻璃的老化问题,选用荧光紫外灯,对其主要粘结材料——透明聚氨酯胶片分别进行0/200/300/500 h的照射,借助紫外/可见光分光光度计、傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电镜等设备,研究照射过程中材料颜色、结构、微观形貌的变化。扫描电镜显示照射时间延长到500 h,材料表面出现龟裂。实验发现胶片的老化起始于硬段及软段部位与N,O相连的α位置的碳原子,在紫外光及氧气的联合作用下产生氢过氧化物;该过氧化合物一部分继续氧化成CO,一部分通过β分裂,使C—N,C—O键断裂,致使材料龟裂。     

LEO太阳电池一次放电模型研究

空间等离子体作用下,太阳电池一次放电是诱发二次放电的主要原因。目前缺乏适合工程应用的一次放电快速评估模型。文章借鉴辉光放电理论,针对太阳电池三联点结构提出一次放电一维简化模型,用于评估太阳电池设计对放电脉冲强弱的影响。模型计算结果表明,增加玻璃盖片厚度和电池串联间隙有助于提高一次放电起始电压,一次放电频率随着太阳电池偏压和表面二次电子发射系数增加而增大,放电电流随着太阳电池偏压和电池阵电容增加而增强。该模型计算结果与试验测试结果基本一致,且比其他模型计算过程简单,可以为太阳电池设计中一次放电现象快速评估提供参考。     

The Theory of Anomalous Cosmic Rays

Anomalous cosmic rays are a heliospheric phenomenon in which interstellar neutral atoms stream into the heliosphere, are ionized by either solar radiation or the solar wind, and are subsequently accelerated to very high energies, greater than 1 GeV. Current thinking has the bulk of the acceleration to very-high energies taking place, by the mechanism of diffusive shock acceleration, at the termination shock of the solar wind. Detailed two-dimensional numerical simulations and models based on this picture show broad agreement with a number of the observed properties of anomalous cosmic rays. Recent improvements to this picture include the observation of multiply charged cosmic rays and the suggestion that some "preacceleration" of the initially ionized particles occurs in the inner heliosphere.     

The Transition Between Fast and Slow Solar Wind from Composition Data

The transition between coronal hole associated fast solar wind and slow solar wind is studied using data from the high resolution mass spectrometer SWICS on ACE. We discuss the data in the framework of a recent theory about the global heliospheric magnetic field and conclude that the data are consistent with magnetic connections between field-lines in the fast and in the slow wind. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

On the Lyman α and O VI Line Profiles in Streamers and Coronal Holes

The profiles of the Lyα line at 1215.6 Å and of the O VI doublet at 1031.9 Å and 1037.6 Å in the extended solar corona have been analyzed vs. latitude and radial direction, performing observations with the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the ESA-NASA solar satellite SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory). The results show that these lines behave differently with latitude: the H I Ly α line has larger full width at half maximum (FWHM) values in the streamer region and narrower values towards the pole, while the FWHM of O VI lines has a minimum at the center of the streamer and slightly increases towards the polar regions. We briefly discuss the impact of the results on coronal heating theories.     

Solar Energetic Particle Events: Phenomenology and Prediction

Space Science Reviews - Solar energetic particle events can cause major disruptions to the operation of spacecraft in earth orbit and outside the earth's magnetosphere and have to be considered...     

柔性太阳翼在轨热分析

卫星的太阳电池翼在轨的温度状况对其性能和可靠性有着重要的影响。相比于刚性太阳翼,柔性太阳翼有着质量轻,综合性能好,结构也较简单等优点。在考虑了地球红外辐射,地球的太阳反照,太阳辐射加热的前提下,以柔性太阳翼为研究对象,利用I-DEAS TMG建立2种太阳电池有限元模型,分析了柔性太阳翼厚度方向的温差,以及不同太阳高度和工作状态对其在轨温度场的影响。分析结果表明,当飞行器绕轨道飞行进入第2个周期后,太阳电池温度场呈现周期变化特性;柔性太阳翼正反两面温度几乎一致,不会因为厚度方向的温差引起热应力;0°太阳高度角分流状态太阳电池温度最高,温度变化最为剧烈;66°太阳高度角工作状态,太阳电池的温度最低,温度变化最为缓慢;电池板面内温差极小。     

直升机传热与红外特征建模与分析(英文)

直升机蒙皮表面及排气温度分布受到发动机排气系统、旋翼下洗气流和太阳辐射的直接影响。为了能够精确地模拟直升机蒙皮表面及排气温度分布,在进行处于悬停状态的直升机三维流场和温度场建模与分析时,综合考虑了旋翼下洗对喷流的影响和太阳辐射对机身加热的影响。基于温度场和流场数据,通过正反射线踪迹法对直升机红外波段辐射强度的分布进行计算。针对一假想的排气系统与后机身融合的直升机模型,本文对其热特性和红外辐射特性进行了数值计算和分析。