面向飞机维修过程的数字支援系统研究

在研究欧盟的民用飞机维修方式研究计划(TATEM)的基础上,分析飞机维修过程的主要因素并建立了飞机维修过程的数学模型。通过模糊数学知识实现对数字支援系统拟采用的技术手段对飞机维修工程促进作用的评价,详细设计了数字支援系统的主要功能模块,并用于指导系统软件的开发。面向飞机维修过程的数字支援系统的研究与开发对于其他复杂设备的维修过程数字化建设有着重要的借鉴意义。     

边条机翼布局战斗机稳定性改进研究

对边条机翼布局战斗机的纵，横向稳定性改进措施进行了研究，结合具体战斗机布局，给出了边条机翼布局战斗机纵，横向稳定性的一般特征，对前缘襟翼下偏，翼刀，平尾下反和机身截面修形等几种气动布局改进措施的风洞试验结果进行了简要讨论，结果表明，所研究的气动布局改进措施都能有效提高边条机翼布局战斗机的稳定性，其中，前缘襟翼下偏既能完全克服俯仰力矩曲线非线性上翘问题，又能较好地解决横侧向稳定性丧失问题。     

X-Ray Emission from Flare Collapsing Trap

An acceleration process in the collapsing magnetic trap, formed in the flare with cusp magnetic field topology, is described. Computations show that high-energy electrons are accumulated in the central part of the collapsing magnetic trap due to an increase of their pitch angles. The effect explains in a natural way the formation of X-ray loop-top sources. Then, using the model with the collapsing trap and considering only the adiabatic heating process, a possible explanation for the motion of the X-ray loop-top source observed at the beginning of some cusp-type flares is presented.     

Oxygen Isotopes in the Solar System

The oxygen three-isotope system has major advantages over the two-isotope systems of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen because different fractionation laws govern intraplanetary and interplanetary processes. This permits discriminating between solar nebular processes and parent-body processes. Oxygen isotopes also serve as a sensitive natural tracer for meteorite classification. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Thermal cyclotron radiation from a hot coronal loop with helical magnetic field

The spectral and polarization properties of thermal cyclotron radio emission from a hot coronal loop with a current along the axis are computed. The magnetic field is supposed to have a component along the loop axis as well as a poloidal part due to the current, both components being of comparable magnitude. In this specific configuration a helical magnetic field is present with a remarkable minimum of its absolute value along the loop axis and a maximum at its periphery. The presence of one or two maxima of magnetic field value along the line of sight results in increasing optical thickness of the gyroresonance layers at appropriate frequencies in the microwave band and, therefore, in enhanced radio emission at those harmonics which are optically thin (for example,s=4). These cannot be observed in models with the commonly employed magnetic field configuration (longitudinal along the loop axis).We show that the frequency spectrum of thermal cyclotron radiation from a hot coronal loop with a helical magnetic field differs from that of the standards-component source (with smooth frequency characteristics and polarization corresponding toe-mode) in that plenty of fine structures (line-like features and cut-offs) are present and theo-mode is prevalent in some frequency intervals. The enhanced radio emission at high harmonics and the complicated form of frequency spectrum in the model considered imply that some microwave sources, which are poorly explained in traditional models of solar active regions, may be associated with helical magnetic fields in hot coronal loops. Computations allow one to indicate spectral and polarizational peculiarities of local sources testifying to the presence of a helical magnetic field.     

气动伺服弹性研究的进展与挑战

飞机、导弹等飞行器的气动伺服弹性(ASE)问题源于空气动力、结构弹性以及控制系统之间的复杂耦合。随着飞行器朝着结构更轻、速度更快、性能更好的目标发展,该问题日益突出,直接影响飞行安全与性能。经过六十余年的研究,国内外在ASE分析、综合与试验方面取得了卓有成效的进展。近十余年来,若干新问题因非常规构型飞行器设计的发展而暴露出来,对ASE研究施加巨大挑战,值得重点分析。鉴于此,讨论了ASE分析中的刚弹耦合、非线性、推力矢量以及系统辨识等问题,对ASE综合中的阵风减缓、颤振主动控制和ASE优化问题加以阐述,强调了ASE试验中需要重视的技术,简要介绍了近十余年国外代表性的ASE试验项目案例,指出了一些ASE研究的新动向,并对国内的ASE研究给出了建议。     

飞机附件全寿命监控系统的建立及应用

作为飞机全寿命周期管理的重要组成部分,附件全寿命监控系统主要由附件信息查询、附件不正常事件查询以及附件全寿命链路图模块组成,采集、管理、处理飞机附件的使用过程参数,可为量化飞机附件性能和制定附件维修方案提供支持。其中,提出了使用附件链路图法快速分辨附件性能的方法,并在厦航飞机全寿命管理中已获得广泛使用。     

飞机进气道锤击波载荷评估方法研究

进气道锤击波载荷是由航空发动机喘振超压引起的,其峰值压力可达到自由来流总压的2倍量级,为进气道结构设计的最大载荷。为了给新研飞机进气道设计提供最大载荷依据、降低结构质量,对增压比等影响发动机喘振超压的因素进行归纳总结,并进行了实测和评估分析,认为锤击波压比值的上限是由稳态压力畸变引起的喘振确定的,最大锤击波载荷基本上随发动机压比的增大呈线性增大;分析了锤击波载荷的特征和评估曲线,认为通过积累新研发动机地面试验数据和CFD手段可有效解决飞机设计的载荷输入,应用概率统计方法可有效降低复合材料结构的大"S"弯进气管道结构质量。     

波音777飞机ACARS系统及马航MH370航班失联事件分析

马来西亚航空公司MH370客机失联事件一度引发媒体与公众的诸多猜测,猜测的焦点之一就是执飞的波音777飞机的飞机通信寻址与报告系统(Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System,简称ACARS)功能是如何被关闭的。从专业角度出发,首先采用Sys ML建模的方式描述了波音777飞机ACARS系统的详细架构和人机接口,并据此深入分析了马航MH370航班失联事件中ACARS被关闭的情景。最后,提出了此次事件暴露出的现代民用飞机设计中存在的问题以及改进方法。     

民用飞机空气起动系统性能评估方法

根据民用飞机起动系统设计特点,分别给出了起动轴功率检查和起动机进口参数检查2种起动性能评估方法,并对2种方法进行了对比,起动轴功率检查方法可以直接反映起动机轴功率的设计状态;而起动机进口参数检查方法可以直接反映出起动关键参数(流量、总温和总压)的设计状态。最后,以某型辅助动力装置供气的起动性能计算为例验证了基于起动机进口参数的计算方法。