电容式粮食水分仪的研究与设计

为了实现快速精确的粮食水分测量,设计出一种电容式粮食水分测量仪。分析了粮食水分测量仪的基本原理,设计了微小电容测量电路。通过实验并且经过标定分析出了粮食水分检测的各参数（粮食水分含量、环境温度、紧实度）之间的对应关系,进行误差分析并得出结论。设计的粮食水分仪能够比较准确的检测出不同粮食的水分含量,基本满足国家粮食检测精度及准确度标准。     

飞机机头气动补偿空速管的设计

针对某飞机需要在机头配置空速管的设计要求,提出了采用机头气动补偿空速管的设计方法并给出了设计思路.通过数值计算得到了该飞机的机头位置误差,由此给出了一种气动补偿空速管外形;对给出的空速管的气动补偿特性进行了计算,并通过风洞试验对比验证了模型和数值计算方法的正确性,得到了该空速管的补偿曲线和补偿区的最佳静压开孔位置;在此...     

纵向加速流场中风速管系数的理论修正

基于理想不可压轴对称位流理论，求得一任意椭球在纵向加速流场中绕流的精确解。并以一根细长的棉球近似模拟风速管，求得均匀流中风速管系数理论值，以及在纵向加速流中它的相对偏差值。以两个长细比各为32和250的椭球为算例，得知在一般风洞实验段内存在的速度梯度下，风速管系数的相对偏差量很小。文中表1、表2所列不同加速下风速管系数的相对偏差值，可近似用来修正实际风速管，或根据流场加速程度选择合适的风速管外径的大小。     

Formability enhancement in hot spinning of titanium alloy thin-walled tube via prediction and control of ductile fracture

The damage and fracture in hot spinning of titanium alloy is a very complex process under the combined effects of microstructure evolution and stress state. In this study, their dependences on processing parameters were investigated by an integrated FE model considering microstructure and damage evolution, and revealing the effects of microstructure and stress states on damage evolution. The results show that the inner surface of workpiece with the largest voids volume fraction is the place with...     

Fracture behavior and self-sharpening mechanisms of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in grinding based on cohesive element method

Unlike monocrystalline cubic boron nitride (CBN), polycrystalline CBN (PCBN) shows not only higher fracture resistance induced by tool-workpiece interaction but also better self-sharpening capability; therefore, efforts have been devoted to the study of PCBN applications in manufacturing engineering. Most of the studies, however, remain qualitative due to difficulties in experimental observations and theoretical modeling and provide limited in-depth understanding of the self-sharpening behavior/mechanism. To fill this research gap, the present study investigates the self-sharpening process of PCBN abrasives in grinding and analyzes the macro-scale fracture behavior and highly localized micro-scale crack propagation in detail. The widely employed finite element (FE) method, together with the classic Voronoi diagram and cohesive element technique, is used considering the pronounced success of FE applications in polycrystalline material modeling. Grinding trials with careful observation of the PCBN abrasive morphologies are performed to validate the proposed method. The self-sharpening details, including fracture morphology, grinding force, strain energy, and damage dissipation energy, are studied. The effects of maximum grain cut depths (MGCDs) and grinding speeds on the PCBN fracture behavior are discussed, and their optimum ranges for preferable PCBN self-sharpening performance are suggested.     

承压管道壁厚自动化检测系统研制

研制一套自动化超声检测系统,对1~2 mm壁厚承压管道的均匀性进行检测,获得承压管道全壁厚信息,为航天系统中的承压管道可靠性和安全性设计提供依据。超声检测系统采用六点矩阵控制方法,获取承压管道周向的全壁厚信息。文中研制的系统包括超声硬件系统;机械执行系统,实现超声换能器的夹持与运动;超声软件系统,搭建数据算法,对检测信号进行分析处理。试验结果表明该自动化超声检测系统对承压管道全壁厚信息的检测精度不低于0.02 mm。该超声检测系统对其它无损检测研究和系统开发具有很好的参考价值。     

管道相连泄爆容器中粉尘爆炸的实验研究

采用管道相连容器进行了工业规模的粉尘爆炸实验,目的是研究粮食粉尘在管道相连的加工和输送工业设备中发生粉尘爆炸时火焰和爆炸压力的传播过程及粉尘的Kst值对爆炸的影响。实验装置为一个气力输送系统,由两个不同体积的容器通过管道连接构成。采用粮食工业上具有代表性的两类粉尘进行了粉尘爆炸测试,爆炸从一个容器中通过管道传播到另一个容器中并引发了随后的二次爆炸,测试了不同位置的火焰和压力信号。实验结果表明：即使在起爆容器采取了泄爆措施,管道中没有粉尘喷入的情况下,粉尘爆炸火焰也可沿管道传播达30m并引发二次爆炸;随着粉尘爆炸指数的增大,初始爆炸的猛烈程度增强,火焰传播速度加快,二次爆炸的猛烈程度也随之增强。     

磨粒建模方法与切削过程仿真研究

针对砂轮表面上磨粒形状不规则、尺寸不确定的几何特征,研究了模拟实际磨粒的几何建模方法。采用随机空间平面切分正六面体的方法构建了具有实际磨粒几何特征的不规则多面体结构磨粒。基于LS-DYNA软件,采用流固耦合有限元法模拟了不规则多面体结构磨粒的切削过程。分析切削过程中工件材料的应力分布规律与切削变形规律,得出结论:工件材料的加工应力主要集中在与磨粒切削刃及棱角接触的区域;切屑沿磨粒挤压前面向上流动,并于挤压面法向方向上流出;磨粒挤压前角的增大有利于切屑的形成。利用陶瓷立方氮化硼(CBN)砂块进行了磨粒划擦试验,试验结果证实了磨粒切削仿真结果的准确性。     

Effects of punch size,magnetic field,and magnetorheological elastomers medium on forming T-shaped thin-walled Inconel 718 tubes

This study aims at investigating the impact of using the Magnetorheological Elastomers(MREs) medium to improve the formability of T-shaped Inconel 718 tubes during the bulging process. Besides, the influence of the punch size and the intensity of the magnetic field on the branch height and wall thickness distribution of the T-shaped Inconel 718 tubes are also explored. The results showed that the parts formed by the punch with a length of 5 mm in the pressurization zone have better forming quali...     

含裂纹固体推进剂装药的内流场数值模拟

利用“N－S方程＋粒子仿真”方法来计算含裂纹翼柱型装药内流场。计算结果表明：环形裂纹内的流动对主流的影响大于纵向裂纹，环形裂纹向上游位置流动对主流的影响较下游位置的大，并可保持到喷管喉部，翼槽附近环形裂纹内的流动对主流的影响相对较弱。