Statistical comparison of night-time NO2 observations in 2003–2006 from GOMOS and MIPAS instruments

GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars) and MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) are remote sensing instruments on board the European Space Agency’s Envisat satellite. GOMOS and MIPAS have been designed for observations of stratospheric and mesospheric constituents, including ozone and nitrogen dioxide. Both instruments have a good global coverage of observations and can provide data also from the polar regions. In this paper, we compare night-time NO₂ data from GOMOS with those from MIPAS. We present statistics of selected sets of data spanning from the year 2003 to 2006. The results for low-to-mid latitudes show that the two instruments are in a good agreement in the middle stratosphere, the differences being typically less than 5%. In the upper stratosphere, GOMOS observations generally show 15% higher values than those from MIPAS. The bias is in virtually all cases smaller than the combined systematic error of the measurements, giving great confidence in the GOMOS and MIPAS data quality. The result for high mesospheric NO₂ mixing ratios observed in the polar regions during winter times indicate a good agreement between GOMOS and MIPAS. In the mesosphere, the difference is less than 35% and smaller than the systematic error. Due to the high mesospheric signal, MIPAS sensitivity decreases in the stratosphere which results in larger differences between the two instruments.     

新型耐高温纳米防护涂料研究

以环氧树脂化学改性有机硅树脂为基体材料，纳米粒子为填料并采用了常温固化体系，研制了耐高温防护涂层。该涂层固化后的热学、力学性能良好，各项测试结果完全满足指标要求。该耐高温涂料可采用喷涂法成型，工艺性能良好，操作简单。     

开放式二氧化碳制冷性能

二氧化碳属于对环境友好的自然制冷工质,使用时直接排放对环境影响很小。本文提出一种开放式二氧化碳制冷系统,研究了高压二氧化碳在25,30和35°C三种典型储存环境下的制冷特性,同时考察了影响开放式二氧化碳制冷性能的各种因素。研究结果表明:二氧化碳储存状态对其制冷性能影响较大,在超临界条件下制冷量损失较大,同时,纯气体节流时储罐中的制冷量损失要远大于气液两相节流,为二氧化碳开放式制冷的应用提供了实验依据。     

多晶硅沉淀的灰色分析

本文给出了灰色信噪比的定义，并将其用于多晶硅沉淀的数据分析，使表面缺陷和沉淀厚度在最佳条件下试验结果与灰色预估值更符合。     

Si对In718合金凝固过程及元素偏析的影响

本文研究了Ｓｉ对Ｉｎ７１８合金凝固过程及元素偏析的影响。结果表明，当Ｓｉ含量升高后，不仅在枝晶或Ｌａｖｅｓ相中偏析程度加剧，而且在枝晶内的浓度也逐渐升高而达到显著水平。Ｓｉ降低Ｎｂ在Ｌａｖｅｓ相中的溶解度，因而促进Ｌａｖｅｓ相的析出，提高Ｌａｖｅｓ相吸收剩余液体的能力，缩小偏析区的面积。分析认为，过分降低Ｓｉ含量对改善合金凝固组织及提高终凝温度的作用不大。     

SIMOX样品导电类型反型的研究

氧离子注入Ｐ型（１００）单晶硅形成ＳＩＭＯＸ样品，经俄歇电子能谱、扩展电阻仪测试，形成了ＳＯＩ结构；经霍尔测试仪测试，制备的ＳＩＭＯＸ样品表层硅膜反型为Ｎ型导电类型，ＳＩＭＯＸ样品的反型是硅中的氧施主所致，由近自由电子的类氦模型计算，氧施主电离能力为０．１５ｅＶ，该值与早期文献报道的实验值一致。     

BPFER/DSX体系固化反应动力学与热性能

采用DSC研究了有机硅固化剂1,3-二氨丙基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷(DSX)与双酚F环氧树脂(BPFER)的固化动力学。BPFER/DSX体系的非等温固化反应曲线和dα/dt-t曲线表明,该反应符合自催化反应模型的基本特征。T-β曲线预测的固化工艺的凝胶温度、固化温度和后固化温度分别为36、87、138℃。采用E变量法分析得该体系的固化反应表观活化能为46.70～50.54 kJ/mol,与Starink、Kissinger、Ozawa、Boswell等方程的验证结果基本一致。采用E常量法求得该体系不同升温速率下的固化反应动力学方程,动力学方程预测值与实验值十分吻合。TG和DTG曲线表明,BPFER/DSX固化物的耐热性优于BPFER/DDM固化物。     

长寿命航天器结构密封性能仿真分析研究

硅橡胶密封圈的力学性能会随着工作时间的增加而发生退化,本文首先初步分析硅橡胶的热氧老化机理,然后对硅橡胶材料在热氧加速老化试验前后的特性参数进行分析对比,并借助非线性有限元分析软件ABAQUS对由该种材料制成的O形圈老化前后的最大接触应力等力学参数进行分析计算,最后讨论了这些参数变化对结构密封效果的影响。本文的研究结果可为长寿命密封圈设计提供参考。     

Effects of different carbon dioxide and LED lighting levels on the anti-oxidative capabilities of Gynura bicolor DC

Gynura bicolor DC is not only an edible plant but also a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. G. bicolor DC grown in controlled environmental chambers under 3 CO₂ concentrations [450 (ambient), 1500 (elevated), 8000 (super-elevated) μmol mol⁻¹] and 3 LED lighting conditions [white (WL), 85% red + 15% blue (RB15), 70% red + 30% blue (RB30) ] were investigated to reveal plausible antioxidant anabolic responses to CO₂ enrichment and LED light quality. Under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels, blue light increasing from 15% to 30% was conducive to the accumulation of anthocyanins and total flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity of extract was also increased, but plant biomass was decreased. These results demonstrated that the reinforcement of blue light could induce more antioxidant of secondary metabolites, but depress the effective growth of G. bicolor DC under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels. In addition, compared with the ambient and elevated CO₂ levels, the increased anthocyanins, total flavonoids contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of G. bicolor DC under super-elevated CO₂ level could serve as important components of antioxidative defense mechanism against CO₂ stress. Hence, G. bicolor DC might have higher tolerance to CO₂ stress.     

圆化处理法制备高效大尺寸多晶黑硅太阳电池

采用金属辅助化学腐蚀法制备了多晶黑硅,并研究了极低浓度NaOH溶液对扩孔后黑硅结构的圆化作用及其对多晶黑硅太阳电池性能的影响。用扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM)和量子效率(Quantum efficiency, QE)测试仪对黑硅表面形貌及黑硅电池性能进行了表征。结果表明,利用极低浓度的NaOH圆化扩孔后黑硅的尖端及棱角可以减少表面复合的影响。处理后的黑硅表面孔洞均匀且平滑,黑硅太阳电池400~900 nm可见光波段平均反射率为4.15%,批量生产的电池平均转换效率达到17.94%,比常规酸制绒工艺制备的电池平均转换效率提高了0.35%。