Asymptotic Performance of Sparse Signal Detection Using Convex Programming Method

The detection of sparse signals against background noise is considered. Detecting signals of such kind is difficult since only a small portion of the signal carries information. Prior knowledge is usually assumed to ease detection. In this paper, we consider the general unknown and arbitrary sparse signal detection problem when no prior knowledge is available. Under a Neyman-Pearson hypothesis-testing framework, a new detection scheme is proposed by combining a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)-like test statistic and convex programming methods which directly exploit sparsity in an underdetermined system of linear equations. We characterize large sample behavior of the proposed method by analyzing its asymptotic performance. Specifically, we give the condition for the Chernoff-consistent detection which shows that the proposed method is very sensitive to the 2 norm energy of the sparse signals. Both the false alarm rate and the miss rate tend to zero at vanishing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), as long as the signal energy grows at least logarithmically with the problem dimension. Next we give a large deviation analysis to characterize the error exponent for the Neyman-Pearson detection. We derive the oracle error exponent assuming signal knowledge. Then we explicitly derive the error exponent of the proposed scheme and compare it with the oracle exponent. We complement our study with numerical experiments, showing that the proposed method performs in the vicinity of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) method in the finite sample scenario and the error probability degrades exponentially with the number of observations.     

基于VxWorks的末制导雷达通用信号处理平台设计

通用的雷达信号处理平台在中断响应、数据传输等方面对系统的实时性和可靠性要求较高,在设计时有必要采用高性能的实时操作系统,同时采用PCI总线来保证高速的数据传输。为此,基于实时操作系统VxWorks,以高性能微处理器PowerPC7457为核心,采用PCI总线机制,借鉴软件模块化思想,构建了通用的雷达信号处理平台。可用于信号处理算法的开发验证,具有较高的实时性和扩展性。     

基于先验知识及其定量评估的自适应杂波抑制研究

 为了改善训练样本数受限的非均匀杂波环境中的系统检测性能,研究了基于先验知识及其定量评估的自适应杂波抑制算法。提出了使用经真实杂波信息白化后的先验杂波协方差矩阵与单位矩阵之差的谱范数,来定量评估杂波先验知识的准确程度,并给出了真实杂波协方差矩阵未知时的矩阵谱范数估计方法。结合先验知识定量评估结果,获得了具有先验知识约束时的杂波协方差矩阵最大似然估计方法。分别基于多脉冲相参雷达以及空时自适应雷达进行了杂波建模,在此基础之上分析了算法性能。仿真结果证实了该算法优于使用样本协方差矩阵及先验杂波信息形成杂波抑制权值的性能。     

北斗卫星导航系统中频信号的产生方法

北斗卫星中频信号在精确导航与授时、合成孔径成像等方面起着关键作用。通过对北斗卫星导航信号的特征进行分析,建立了北斗卫星中频信号的数学模型,并对该模型进行了仿真实现,进而研究了中频信号中路径延迟、噪声和多径干扰对原始北斗信号的影响。研究得到的信号数据可以为导航接收机和信号处理模块提供不同采样率的信号源码,通过这样的方法可以减少大量现场试验,缩短研发时间、降低成本。     

大规模高速背板的信号完整性设计与仿真

本文首先从联合战术无线电系统的规模分析了设计大规模高速背板的必性,同时从信号完整性方面分析了高速背板设计中所面临的问题,包括反射、串扰、损耗与衰减、电源完整性等几个方面的机理及对PCB设计造成的不良影响,并针对这几个信号完整性问题给出了相应的PCB设计准则。其次,针对一款基于串行RapidlO高速总线的背板系统从PCB设计的层叠设计、布线设计、过孔设计等方面给出具体分析与设计方案。最后,通过Sigrity公司的PowerSI仿真软件、Synopsys公司的Hspice仿真软件和Quantum公司的QSI仿真软件进行信号完整性仿真和Ansofl公司的Siwave5．0仿真软件进行电源完整性仿真,通过仿真分析对PCB信号完整性进行验证与设计优化。     

Interception Algorithm of S-cubed Signal Model in Stealth Radar Equipment

Radar equipment of stealth platforms such as aircraft have adopted the newest modern technology to design the signal waveforms. One of the important and effective methods is the hybrid waveform called spread spectrum stretch (S-cubed) which combines linear frequency modulation (LFM) and discrete phase code. In order to investigate the function of enemy’s stealth radar equipment, the interception algorithm of S-cubed is needed. In this paper, a novel detection and parameter estimation approach for the reconnaissance S-cubed radar signal is presented. First, the generalized time-frequency representation of Zhao, Atlas, and Marks (ZAM-GTFR) and Hough transforms (HT) are applied to detecting the signal, and then the initial frequency and modulation slope of LFM are estimated from the ZAM-GTFR. On the basis of LFM information, the reconstructing signal is generated. Finally, the code rate of discrete phase code is extracted from the negative peaks of the ZAM-GTFR. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher estimation accuracy when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is above 3 dB.     

高动态GPS卫星信号模拟器导航电文生成

为了测试全球定位系统GPS(Global Positioning System)接收机的性能,应用GPS信号模拟器来模拟各种条件下真实的GPS信号.GPS卫星信号发生器由硬件、计算机和软件组成.软件主要由卫星导航参数计算模块、目标运动轨迹计算模块、误差计算模块等模块组成.导航电文产生功能模块是高动态GPS卫星信号模拟器要解决的一项关键技术.给出了3个卫星星钟改正参数的物理意义和星历产生模型,根据这些参数并结合相应的时间参数来形成卫星导航电文.通过程序仿真并与导航电文进行验证,证明推导出的星历产生模型基本符合GPS星的星座排列规律.     

新型数字-频率变换在科氏质量流量计中的应用

对新型全数字式科氏质量流量计频率输出信号采用数字—频率转换D/F(Digital to Frequency Conversion)方法实现.利用晶振和现场可编程门阵列FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Arrays)与数字信号运算处理单元DSP(Digital Signal Processing)配合实现频率量输出,有效避免了传统的模拟式科氏质量流量计的电压—频率V/F(Voltage to Frequency Conversion)转换方法中存在的精度不高、温漂以及电路复杂等问题,而且也消除了由于频率刷新造成的输出频率非整周期对输出结果的影响.实验表明,该数字—频率转换方法具有较高的转换精度,实现了输出频率的整周期刷新,不存在V/F转换电路的温漂等问题.该电路简单,与数字电路实现无缝接口,对于数字系统的频率输出设计具有较高的参考价值.      

舰载飞机进舰降落信号员模型建模

舰载机在航母上降落面临着极其复杂的环境,末端进舰阶段需要降落信号员(LSO)的信号指引,在舰载机的人机系统仿真模型中,需要包括LSO的模型.分析了舰载机进舰飞行过程中LSO的作用和行为特征.针对LSO对飞行距离、航迹偏差判断和指令决策的行为特征,采用模糊逻辑建立了相应的行为模型.针对 LSO对舰船运动预测的行为特征,利用神经网络建立其行为模型,对几种典型进舰情况进行仿真,验证 LSO模型的合理性.      

航空发动机高低压转子间碰摩故障特征提取

针对变分模态分解(VMD)需要人为确定输入参数的问题,提出了一种参数自适应VMD(APVMD)方法,其通过粒子群(PSO)算法优化VMD的输入参数.使用APVMD结合切片谱的方法,对双转子航空发动机振动正常和异常状态下的实测弹性支承应变信号进行分析.分析结果表明,APVMD方法可以自适应地实现对实测弹性支承应变信号的分...