“国际空间站”建造十年经验初探

就＂国际空间站＂边建造、边应用十年来所获得的经验与教训,从系统设备、居住环境、物资补给、作息制度、健康保障、人的作用、出舱活动及国际合作8个方面进行了简要的论述,对后来的空间站建设及未来的长期载人航天飞行具有重要的参考价值。     

柔性在卫星太阳阵展开运动中影响的分析

在卫星太阳阵展开过程中，采用有限元法将太阳板的变形能计算出来，并引入系统运动微分方程的广义力中，通过求解系统运动微分方程，从而得到太阳阵展开的全过程和展开时间。。算例表明，采用此理论与方法更符合实际。     

当代大学生诚信品质建设研究

随着我国市场经济的发展,当代大学生诚信品质出现了危机。在全面建设小康社会、需要进一步弘扬社会正气形势下,加强大学生思想道德建设,帮助大学生树立正确的、良好的诚信品质已经刻不容缓,也成为了家庭、学校和社会共同的责任。在分析当代大学生诚信品质缺失现状基础的上,有针对性地从四个方面提出当代大学生诚信品质建设途径,有利于大学生加强和提升诚信素养,进而推进全社会诚信品质建设。     

飞行员陆空通话双语教学可行性研究

作为高等教育的重要组成部分,双语教学对于培养具有较高专业素养与熟练外语能力的应用型人才具有积极意义,其专业性与技术性可以有效推动课程建设与教学改革.在飞行员陆空通话教学中开展双语教学,不仅可以提高课程建设层次,增强飞行学员综合英语能力,而且可以提高民航飞行员的核心竞争力,推动民航事业的全面发展.     

Apparent rotation properties of space debris extracted from photometric measurements

Knowledge about the rotation properties of space debris objects is essential for the active debris removal missions, accurate re-entry predictions and to investigate the long-term effects of the space environment on the attitude motion change. Different orbital regions and object’s physical properties lead to different attitude states and their change over time.Since 2007 the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) performs photometric measurements of space debris objects. To June 2016 almost 2000 light curves of more than 400 individual objects have been acquired and processed. These objects are situated in all orbital regions, from low Earth orbit (LEO), via global navigation systems orbits and high eccentricity orbit (HEO), to geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). All types of objects were observed including the non-functional spacecraft, rocket bodies, fragmentation debris and uncorrelated objects discovered during dedicated surveys. For data acquisition, we used the 1-meter Zimmerwald Laser and Astrometry Telescope (ZIMLAT) at the Swiss Optical Ground Station and Geodynamics Observatory Zimmerwald, Switzerland. We applied our own method of phase-diagram reconstruction to extract the apparent rotation period from the light curve. Presented is the AIUB’s light curve database and the obtained rotation properties of space debris as a function of object type and orbit.     

混凝土冬期施工预防措施

分析混凝土冬期施工的特点,采取相应的防护措施。     

A methodology for constructing the aircraft design schema

Aircraft collaboration design is based on a unified set of schemas containing data and model representations and interfaces across disciplines. The aircraft design schema is a central data model that specifies the paradigm for the representation of a full lifecycle model of aircraft design. The construction of the schema currently lacks theoretical guidance. This paper designs a novel methodology to construct the aircraft design schema, a fully functional, logical, and self-consistent methodology. The methodology defines a schema matrix that includes implementation strategies, principles, processes, meta-object facility, views, scenarios, and products. The aircraft conceptual design schema is constructed according to the methodology, which is a hands-on approach to help understand the concept and implementation. The features of the methodology are analyzed, and the methodology and the aircraft conceptual design schema are presented to address the pain points of multiple solution trade-offs, multiple iterations, and multidisciplinary coupling in aircraft conceptual collaboration design.     

航空发动机典型材料超高周疲劳试验技术研究综述

航空发动机作为飞行器最关键、最核心的部位，长期服役于高温、高载等极端环境，疲劳失效是导致发动机结构破坏的主要原因之一。随着工业的发展，发动机材料的超高周疲劳问题日益凸显。本文总结了发动机典型材料超高周疲劳关注领域的研究现状，对当前超高周疲劳试验技术的应用情况进行了阐述，包括超高周轴向振动疲劳、弯曲振动疲劳、扭转振动疲劳、复合振动疲劳等试验加载技术以及温度控制技术、损伤监测技术，并对我国航空发动机典型材料超高周疲劳试验技术的发展做出展望。     

Martian Buildings: Design loading

Multiplanetary life has been studied by scientists as a way to supply energy or sustain human life in the future. Mars is likely to be man’s first destination, colonization using onsite structural construction would be one of the main options. The first step to designing a reliable building is to know the applied structural loads and to have an accurate design load combination. Due to lack of complete knowledge, short span of recorded data, Martian environment, and hazardous environment that Martian structures face, constructed Martian structures should behave appropriately under the highest likely live, dead and environmental loads either simultaneously or as a worst-case scenario. The present study evaluated and calculated probable Martian structural loads, including live, internal pressure, snow, gravity (dead), dust accumulation, thermal stress, wind, marsquake, asteroid, and meteoroid impact loads and their effects. Information was gathered from previous studies and valid data from Martian landers, rovers and orbiters. Wind loads were calculated based on the over 6.5 years of data recorded by Vikings 1 and 2, temperature and winds for InSight (TWINS) sensor. A wind shear exponent and wind profile have been proposed for a Martian flat terrain construction site. Marsquake lateral loads, frequency content and seismicity were assessed using data from the seismic experiment for interior structure (SEIS) and the Viking 2 seismometer. Considering the high influx of micrometeoroids, their penetration distance, impact loads and their effects on structures were calculated. The annual probability of an asteroid impact on a settlement was assessed for a 30-year mission. A load map for Martian residential buildings that considers the worst-case scenario in which a Martian structure should be designed based on them has been proposed.     

几种植物精油对桔小实蝇的产卵忌避作用

比较了6种植物精油对桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis的产卵忌避效果.结果表明:辣椒油、樟脑油、冬青油和香茅油的产卵忌避效果明显,其中香茅油的产卵忌避作用最强,而肉桂油和香紫苏油的效果较弱.不同质量浓度的植物精油处理间的产卵忌避效果存在显著差异.香茅油和冬青油的产卵忌避作用随质量浓度的升高而增强,当质量浓度为7 000 μg/mL时,忌避率最高;辣椒油和樟脑油则是5 000 μg/mL的质量浓度产卵忌避效果最好.4种植物精油产卵忌避作用的持效期存在差异,与对照相比,辣椒油持效期最长,可维持6 d;香茅油持效期最短,仅1 d;冬青油和樟脑油可维持4 d.大空间下的试验表明,辣椒油、樟脑油和冬青油处理过的杨桃上的着卵量均显著低于对照,但3种精油之间无显著差异.