低惯量涡轮转子结构设计与优化

论述了低惯量涡轮转子结构设计的特点和要求。在发动机载荷条件下,开展了带双辐板涡轮盘的低惯量涡轮转子结构设计研究。特别是针对双辐板涡轮盘结构及其连接结构的设计特点,进行了经验设计、结构拓扑优化和形状优化。对优化得到的两种双辐板涡轮盘结构形式进行了对比分析,并对焊接的双辐板涡轮盘结构的制造工艺进行了简要分析。结果表明,低惯量涡轮转子采用双辐板涡轮盘结构可行,能有效减轻涡轮盘质量,降低转子热惯性和机械惯性。     

Research on modeling of heat source for electron beam welding fusion-solidification zone

In this paper, the common heat source model of point and linear heat source in the numerical simulation of electron beam welding (EBW) were summarized and introduced. The combined point-linear heat source model was brought forward and to simulate the welding temperature fields of EBW and predicting the weld shape. The model parameters were put forward and regulated in the combined model, which included the ratio of point heat source to linear heat source Qpr and the distribution of linear heat source Lr. Based on the combined model, the welding temperature fields of EBW were investigated. The results show that the predicted weld shapes are conformable to those of the actual, the temperature fields are reasonable and correct by simulating with combined point-linear heat source model and the typical weld shapes are gained.     

智能抛物面天线分层序列最优控制

为了保证大型天线结构的精度,可采用智能结构控制天线形变规律。这样可以大大降低结构的重量并使结构具有更高的形状精度。为使智能天线结构处于最佳工作状态,针对智能抛物面天线结构,建立了以反射面的半光程差的平方和为首要目标,以作动器能耗最小为次要目标的分层优化模型,优化模型同时考虑结构强度约束和作动器性态约束。模型转化为两个序列二次规划问题进行求解,实现了对智能抛物面天线的准静态形状最优控制。对某6米天线结构进行了最优调控和讨论。按该模型进行调控,可以使天线在任意方向的任意载荷下实现保型调控,并使调控能耗最小。表明可以用较少的作动器实现大型天线结构的高精度控制。     

The Influence of Co Addition on Phase Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of TiNi Alloys

The influences of Co-addition on phase transformation behavior and mechanical properties of TiNi alloys were investigated. Re- sults indicate that, as a substitute for Ni, Co added to TiNi alloys can dramatically decrease the martensite transformation temperature, and R phase transformation and martensite transformation are accordingly separated. When Co-content reach 10 at.%, the martensite transformation temperature is lower than that of liquid nitrogen. During deformation at room temperature, Ti50Ni48Co2 alloy exhibits good ductility with a lower stress plateau caused by stress-induced martensite and martensite reorientation.     

轧制NiMnFeGa高温形状记忆合金的微观结构及拉伸力学性能

 采用包套热轧的方法,将Ni56Mn17Fe8Ga19和Ni56Mn15Fe10Ga19合金铸锭成功轧制为均匀板材,研究了其微观组织结构、相变特性和拉伸力学性能等。结果显示,轧制后合金的晶粒和γ相变得细碎,且沿着轧制方向伸长分布,其逆马氏体相变温度下降,相变滞后减小;轧制态合金的抗拉强度和延伸率分别超过500 MPa和2%,热处理后,强度降低而延伸率上升。     

Convergence Analysis of the Numerical Solution for Cathode Design of Aero-engine Blades in Electrochemical Machining

As a main difficult problem encountered in electrochemical machining （ECM）, the cathode design is tackled, at present, with various numerical analysis methods such as finite difference, finite element and boundary element methods. Among them, the finite element method presents more flexibility to deal with the irregularly shaped workpieces. However, it is very difficult to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach. This paper proposes an accurate model and a finite element numerical approach of cathode design based on the potential distribution in inter-electrode gap. In order to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach and increase the accuracy in cathode design, the cathode shape should be iterated to eliminate the design errors in computational process. Several experiments are conducted to verify the machining accuracy of the designed cathode. The experimental results have proven perfect convergence and good computing accuracy of the proposed finite element numerical approach by the high surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the machined blades.     

基于多幅图像的三维形状恢复新算法研究

提出了基于多幅图像的由明暗恢复三维形状的新算法.传统的SFS是基于一幅图像,而反射图方程是含有两个自由度的PDE,因此SFS是一个病态问题.本文提出了一种基于三幅图像的SFS新算法,克服了SFS的病态性.首先在图像的Lambertian反射模型的基础上,由三幅图像的逐个象素点的图像灰度值,建立物体表面方向的一次代数方程组,得到表示物体表面方向的唯一梯度向量.然后经过梯度恢复高度的算法,得到物体表面的形状.最后给出的仿真实例表明算法的有效性.     

基于代理模型的高超声速飞行器外形参数优化

针对高超声速飞行器分析复杂且难度较大,提出了一种代理模型的构建方法,使用代理模型近似替代性能分析与优化过程中含有复杂学科耦合的机理模型。根据巡航任务需求,确定了优化目标为静动态性能最优与模型差异最小。使用灵敏度分析的方法,建立了代理模型。将代理模型进行静动态性能分析,并与机理模型配平结果进行了对比验证,发现两个模型的配平特性趋势是完全一致的,迎角的数值差不足3%,升降舵偏转角的数值差仅在前体下倾角较大时偏大,约为20%。基于构建的代理模型与优化的性能指标,对模型的外形参数进行了配平性能优化与间隙度量优化,并与机理模型的优化结果与优化效率进行对比,发现两者结果相差不足2%,但使用代理模型的优化效率提高了456%,证明了基于代理模型的优化可以在确保精度的基础上提高优化效率。      

基于颗粒水射流的异型不锈钢元件确定性加工

基于颗粒水射流材料去除性能稳定、无刀具磨损、复杂面形适应能力强等优点,提出了基于确定性修形的异型不锈钢元件加工方法,确定了适用于不锈钢元件表面的测量方法,对其加工路线进行了规划.对于齿形"窄"环带表面经过3次确定性修形加工后,表面面形Rms由初始的9.774Wave(1Wave=632nm)收敛至2.009Wave,表面质量提升明显,表面粗糙度减少至63.303nm,达到加工要求.实验结果表明颗粒水射流加工对不锈钢件加工具有优良的确定性修形能力,具有广泛的应用前景.     

磁悬浮阻尼器对磁悬浮转子系统动态特性影响

为改善磁悬浮轴承细长转子系统的动态性能,在原有支承基础上增加磁悬浮阻尼器.分析了磁悬浮轴承与磁悬浮阻尼器组合柔性转子系统的动态性能,并与不含磁悬浮阻尼器系统的动态性能进行了比较.由于增加了合适位置及合适控制参数的磁悬浮阻尼器,提高了系统在第1,2阶弯曲模态振动时的阻尼,使系统顺利越过二阶弯曲临界转速在16000r/min稳定运行.