隔离段进口非对称来流对激波串结构的影响

考虑进气道出口流场的影响,设计了针对非对称超声速来流矩形隔离段流场研究的直联式试验风洞,模拟进气道出口流场的各种非对称进口条件进行了吹风试验,并测量了隔离段壁面静压和隔离段进口皮托压力。研究发现,随隔离段进口流动非对称程度的增加,激波串长度增加而隔离段耐受反压的能力下降。考虑了隔离段进口流动非对称的影响,对Billig—Wahrup的激波串长度公式作了改进,故提高了激波串长度预测的精确程度。     

振动叶栅中尾迹/激波相干的数值研究

研究了尾迹/激波相干对振动叶栅非定常流动的影响.数值方法利用了先进的谐波方法.该方法基于傅立叶变换,把叶栅非定常流变量分解为一时间平均量和若干谐波分量,继而,时域非定常N-S方程被转化为频域定常傅立叶系数方程.定常傅立叶系数方程的求解采用了伪时间推进方法.为加速数值解收敛,采用了本地时间步长和多重网格技术.通过NASA67转子算例结果表明:上游尾迹对振动叶栅非定常流动具有显著影响.当存在尾迹相干时,叶片通道内的激波在轴向方向上表现出较大的漂移运动,叶片所受的非定常力幅值变大,同时失去了时间周期性.      

Experimental Study of Motion of Nitrogen Taylor Bubbles and Liquid Slugs in Inclined Tubes

This article studies rising velocity of Taylor bubbles and liquid slugs in liquid nitrogen at different axial positions in upward inclined tubes by means of a high speed motion analyzer. The bottom-closed tubes in the experiments are 1.0 m long with an inner diameter of 0.014 m or 0.018 m. The tube inclines upward from 0° to 50° with respect to the normal. Statistical method is used to analyze the data of the Taylor bubble and the liquid slug velocity. Reflecting the effects of the inclination angle on the rising velocity of Taylor bubbles and liquid slugs, the experimental results indicate the similar trend the Taylor bubble velocity and the liquid slug velocity have: it increases first, and then decreases with the increase of the inclination angle. Moreover, with the increase of the inclination angle, the liquid slug velocity becomes greater than Taylor bubble velocity.     

激光冲击中应力状态和显微组织变化对金属疲劳性能影响

从应力状态与显微组织的变化两个方面分析了激光冲击强化改善金属疲劳性能的机理.首先研究了残余应力的作用,认为激光冲击强化产生的残余压应力降低了零部件承受的平均应力水平.然后利用位错理论分析了金属经激光冲击强化引起的显微组织变化,认为激光冲击强化在材料表层产生了大量位错、晶界以及亚晶界等缺陷,这些缺陷阻碍了位错的移动,使金属得到强化.     

倒置梯形涡流发生器与非对称超声速来流相互作用的短隔离段流动数值研究

为了有效地缩短超燃冲压发动机隔离段长度,在前期研究的等宽度平直斜楔基础上,用数值模拟的方法,研究了一种侧壁面后掠的倒置梯形涡流发生器,涡流发生器放置在隔离段进口厚附面层一侧。研究结果表明:加装倒置梯形涡流发生器后可在进出口压比相同的情况下,将隔离段长度减小40%左右,比等宽度平直斜楔多缩短5%;激波串长度随后掠角呈非线性变化,在一适当的后掠角下,激波串长度最小,它的总压恢复系数与等宽度平直斜楔处于同等水平。     

高负荷低压风扇三维气动设计与损失分析

在给定的限制条件下,通过从S2反问题计算出发,依靠在粗、细网格上求解三维黏性Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程的设计方法完成了某高负荷、跨声速低压风扇的气动设计.该设计方法抛弃了准三元设计对损失模型的依赖,较快的实现了跨声速风扇的气动设计.在设计结果的基础上,对风扇流场结构的分析表明,动叶顶部激波,以及激波、泄漏流和附面层的相互作用是风扇损失的主要来源.全三维的弯扭叶片设计实现了静叶的高亚声大折转角扩压流动.      

应用γ-Reθ湍流模型和PSE方法研究高超声速流动

采用考虑转捩的γ-Reθ湍流模型研究了高超声速复杂流动,结合PSE(parabolic stability equa-tion)稳定性分析方法和e-N方法,通过给出边界层最不稳定点的参数,用以控制γ-Reθ的转捩经验关联式,减少对经验参数的依赖.计算了锥体高超声速流场,得到的壁面换热量和边界层转捩位置与实验吻合较好.计算了平板激波/边界层干扰和高超声速拐角压缩流场,得到了准确的波系结构、压力分布和分离区的大小.结果表明,该方法与传统湍流模型相比具有较大的优越性.     

MHD Flow Control of Oblique Shock Waves Around Ramps in Low-temperature Supersonic Flows

This article is devoted to experimental study on the control of the oblique shock wave around the ramp in a low-temperature supersonic flow by means of the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) flow control technique. The purpose of the experiments is to take advantage of MHD interaction to weaken the oblique shock wave strength by changing the boundary flow characteristics around the ramp. Plasma columns are generated by pulsed direct current(DC) discharge, the magnetic fields are generated by Nd-Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnets and the oblique shock waves in supersonic flow are generated by the ramp. The Lorentz body force effect of MHD interaction on the plasma-induced airflow velocity is verified through particle image velocimetry(PIV) measurements. The experimental results from the supersonic wind tunnel indicate that the MHD flow control can drastically change the flow characteristics of the airflow around the ramp and decrease the ratio of the Pitot pressure after shock wave to that before it by up to 19. 66%, which leads to the decline in oblique shock wave strength. The oblique shock waves in front of the ramp move upstream by the action of the Lorentz body force. The discharge characteristics are analyzed and the MHD interaction time and consumed energy are determined with the help of the pulsed DC discharge images. The interaction parameter corresponding to the boundary layer velocity can reach 1. 3 from the momentum conservation equation. The velocity of the plasma column in the magnetic field is much faster than that in the absence of magnetic field force. The plasma can strike the neutral gas molecules to transfer momentum and accelerate the flow around the ramp.     

激光引致激波传播规律的数值研究

空气光学击穿的激波流场结构的研究是激光与物质相互作用研究领域中的重要组成部分。利用光线追踪法,采用解耦的辐射输运方程,数值求解含能量源项的流体控制方程,对空气光学击穿诱导激波的传播过程和随时间演化规律进行了研究。通过线形拟合,给出了激波传播的后期阶段激波半径随时间的变化关系。流场中的超压波形有几个峰值,由多列压缩-稀疏波组成,并且强度越来越弱。研究结果可为激光应用技术提供一定的理论支持。     

管内激波串振荡和壁面脉动压力特性

分析了管内激波串振荡引起的壁面压力脉动特性。采用直联风洞实验方式结合动态压力测量技术获得了矩形管道内不同激波串位置下的壁面压力分布数据,对所得压力脉动幅值、功率谱密度曲线等结果进行分析,探讨激波串流动非定常特点与引起压力脉动的机制。