SAR图像中恒速动目标的定位

分别利用恒速动目标的信号幅度和信号相位估计动目标信号的频谱中心和多普勒调频率,结果不受动目标位置影响,解决了"方位位置不确定问题"。根据动目标方位向信号的频谱中心、调频率和动目标像位置,实现定位动目标。将聚焦良好的静止背景和动目标像以正确的相对位置绘制到同一幅图像中,是对动目标定位的最好表达方式。     

空间激光通信调制技术的研究进展

空间激光通信系统具有传输速率高、体积小、质量轻、功耗低等特点,适用于卫星高速数据传输。激光通信调制技术作为空间激光通信系统的一项关键技术,是影响系统通信性能的主要因素之一。首先,介绍空间激光通信调制技术的原理及其分类,并对其优缺点做比较分析,再对激光调制的关键技术进行阐述;然后,从发展阶段与应用环境角度对国内外已报道的空间激光通信调制技术研究进展进行总结;最后,对空间激光通信调制技术的发展趋势进行展望。     

基于速度积分匹配的旋转调制惯导系统动基座对准方法

卫星导航信息辅助动基座对准过程中,速度噪声会影响对准精度和快速性,制约了旋转调制惯导角秒级高精度快速对准的实现.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于旋转调制惯导速度积分匹配的快速动基座对准方法,通过建立旋转调制惯导动基座对准误差方程和卡尔曼滤波观测模型,以消除动基座对准对载机特殊运动的要求.最后,在实验室静态环境和车载环境下,分别开展了速度积分匹配和速度十位置组合导航动基座对准仿真实验.仿真结果表明,提出的速度积分匹配方法具有误差估计量收敛速度快的特点,在对准精度不降低的情况下相对组合导航匹配方式能有效缩短动基座对准时间,并能基于旋转调制惯导取消动基座对准对载机的机动需求.     

Improving aircraft aerodynamic performance with bionic wing obtained by ice shape modulation

For Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with limited electrical power to achieve effectively anti-/de-icing at the leading edge of the wing, a strategy of ice shape modulation was proposed. Isolated simulated ice shape pieces printed by 3D printing technology are mounted on a NACA0012 finite wing model, and its lift/drag coefficients and suction-side velocity fields are measured by the six-component force balance and the Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV), respectively. The ratio of the spanwise length of a single ice shape piece to chord length and the spanwise length of the non-icing area between the two adjacent single ice shape pieces are defined as dimensionless ice shape length (w/c) and dimensionless modulation ratio (w/λ), respectively. The results indicate that for a fixed w/λ, the wing lift coefficient first increases and then drops with increasing w/c, and a peak value exists when w/c is between 0.1 and 0.2. The lower the w/λ is, the higher the wing lift coefficient will be. The periodical variation of the flow separation area along the spanwise direction is attributed on the one hand to the acceleration effect of the flow field in the non-icing area which reduces the separation area, and on the other hand to the cross-flow caused by the streamwise vortices from the non-icing area to the icing area which promotes the mixing of the flow field (similar to vortex generators). The obtained modulation law is verified through flight tests and provides guidance for the use of ice shape modulation scheme for UAVs that cannot be completely anti-/de-icing under severe weather conditions.     

旋转调制下的抗晃动干扰初始对准方法

针对晃动基座下的对准精度受限于惯性器件常值误差，提出了旋转调制下的抗晃动干扰初始对准方法。首先，分析了单轴连续旋转调制技术对常值误差的补偿机理，并在此基础上建立了晃动基座下的惯性器件输出模型;其次，详细推导了基于双重积分的惯性系粗对准算法，通过惯性坐标系下的姿态更新跟踪载体实际姿态变化消除了角晃动干扰，通过对比力进行双重积分克服了线振动影响;最后，在粗对准算法基础上，进一步建立了旋转调制下的系统状态方程和量测方程，通过反馈校正的卡尔曼滤波算法实现最优估计精对准。仿真结果表明:旋转调制下的抗晃动对准方法在克服晃动干扰的同时，能够解决对准精度受限问题，有效提高了初始对准精度。     

First measurements of periodicities and anisotropies of cosmic ray flux observed with a water-Cherenkov detector at the Marambio Antarctic base

A new water-Cherenkov radiation detector, located at the Argentine Marambio Antarctic Base (64.24S-56.62 W), has been monitoring the variability of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux since 2019. One of the main aims is to provide experimental data necessary to study interplanetary transport of GCRs during transient events at different space/time scales. In this paper we present the detector and analyze observations made during one full year. After the analysis and correction of the GCR flux variability due to the atmospheric conditions (pressure and temperature), a study of the periodicities is performed in order to analyze modulations due to heliospheric phenomena. We can observe two periods: (a) 1 day, associated with the Earth’s rotation combined with the spatial anisotropy of the GCR flux; and (b) $～$ 30 days due to solar impact of stable solar structures combined with the rotation of the Sun. From a superposed epoch analysis, and considering the geomagnetic effects, the mean diurnal amplitude is $～$ 0.08% and the maximum flux is observed in $～$ 15 h local time (LT) direction in the interplanetary space. In such a way, we determine the capability of Neurus to observe anisotropies and other interplanetary modulations on the GCR flux arriving at the Earth.     

基于Turbo方法的乘积码脉冲位置迭代调制解调译码

脉冲位置调制（PPM）无线光通信系统易受到大气湍流影响，针对于此，将Turbo技术引入到PPM的解调和乘积码译码中。基于极大似然准则导出了PPM软检测解调方法，结合分组码的SISO译码，构建了检测解调和译码联合迭代的Turbo结构，推导了其迭代原理算法。仿真分析结果表明，误码性能可随迭代次数增加改善，其中，在大气闪烁指数0.1和误码率10-6条件下，迭代3~5次相比非迭代系统获得了0.8 dB以上的增益。     

Study of fast atoms in molecular gas plasma via emission spectroscopy

Fast atoms are generated in reactions of ions with the molecular gas in laboratory and astrophysical plasma. In hydrogen they are observed in the emission spectra via Excessive line broadening. Energetic atoms also occur in astrophysical plasma in hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. The proposal here is that low pressure discharges can be used to simulate the phenomena in certain space plasma. In this study, we have used a special configuration of the electrode system, to obtain energetic atoms in plasma of three types of diatomic gases (H₂, O₂, N₂). Emission spectroscopy was used to detect the atoms and measure their velocity. Energy analysis was performed to obtain atoms’ distributions and evaluate the mean energy of atoms. This was compared to the potential energy available from the electric field. The field acceleration model, previously established for hydrogen, was extended to nitrogen and oxygen. We suggest, that the same method of analysis can be applied for astrophysical plasma spectrum.     

Beam tracking method based on reconfigurable intelligent surface for obstructed communication

This paper proposes a new reconfigurable intelligent surface based three-dimensional beam tracking method to solve the beam tracking problems for the unmanned aerial vehicle with obstacles in communication channels. The proposed beam tracking method can not only regulate the reconfigurable intelligent surfaces to achieve the beam tracking of the obstructed communications, but also optimize the transmission efficiency of the communication. Firstly, a reconfigurable intelligent surface is proposed, which can correlate the transmission signals by adjusting the phase-shift matrix. Meanwhile, a new communication channel is constructed according to the reconfigurable intelligent surface, which consists of two parts. The first one is the channel between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the reconfigurable intelligent surface, the other is the channel between the reconfigurable intelligent surface and the ground base station. Note that the transmission performance of the communications can be optimized by adjusting the phase shift of each uniform linear array on the reconfigurable intelligent surface. Then, a new beam tracking method for the unmanned aerial vehicle with obstructed communications is proposed on the basis of the reconfigurable intelligent surface. By proposing the mixed genetic algorithm, the estimation accuracy of the azimuth and elevation angles is improved to enhance the performance of the beam tracking. Finally, the simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed three-dimensional beam tracking method with reconfigurable intelligent surface.     

基于混合神经网络的无线电信号自动调制识别

随着无线电信号数据海量增加，复杂电磁环境下面临着未知威胁和目标侦察识别复杂度高的问题，本文针对未知无线电信号的特征提取任务，设计了一种混合神经网络以提高目标无线电信号的识别能力。先通过胶囊神经网络对未知信号的空间信息进行提取，再进一步运用门控循环单元提取信号在时间上的特征信息。设计混合网络模型将信号的时间和空间特征相结合，提高对目标信号的分类精度。通过RML2016.04C调制信号数据集，验证了混合神经网络的识别性能。结果表明:当信噪比为6 dB时，混合网络模型对多种不同调制信号的分类精度大于95%。因此，本文所设计的混合神经网络能够有效对不同调制信号进行准确分类。