光信号眼图校准模块设计

介绍一种新型光信号眼图校准模块的设计方法,给出了眼图测量的参数、眼图校准模块设计原理和试验装置的选择思路,充分考虑了可调谐激光器的出光功率、偏振方向、光调制启、微波放大器引入的误差以及被测设备自身的抖动、时基误差等因素,通过开展上升时间测试和抖动测试,分析了光接收机的带宽、抖动对标准眼图的影响,最后给出了试验结果,分析光信号的眼高度、眼宽度、消光比、光调制幅度、抖动与码速率、码长度、误码率参数的关系。     

An approach for parameter estimation of combined CPPM and LFM radar signal

In this paper, the problem of parameter estimation of the combined radar signal adopting chaotic pulse position modulation (CPPM) and linear frequency modulation (LFM), which can be widely used in electronic countermeasures, is addressed. An approach is proposed to estimate the initial frequency and chirp rate of the combined signal by exploiting the second-order cyclostationarity of the intra-pulse signal. In addition, under the condition of the equal pulse width, the pulse repetition interval (PRI) of the combined signal is predicted using the low-order Volterra adaptive filter. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed cyclic autocorrelation Hough transform (CHT) algorithm is theoretically tolerant to additive white Gaussian noise. When the value of signal noise to ratio (SNR) is less than 4 dB, it can still estimate the intra-pulse parameters well. When SNR = 3 dB, a good prediction of the PRI sequence can be achieved by the Volterra adaptive filter algorithm, even only 100 training samples.     

新型GNSS信号波形设计

在发射带宽严格受限的约束下连续函数波形信号较传统矩形波形表现出了较高的频谱利用率优势和优良性能,很有可能应用到未来的全球卫星导航系统(GNSS,Global Navigation Satellite System)信号体制中.在建立导航信号波形设计准则的理论模型基础上,研究了7种可能适用于未来GNSS系统的新型信号波形,在典型的宽/窄发射带宽条件下,通过仿真评估了传统GNSS信号和新型GNSS信号的精度、抗多径、抗干扰等性能,优选出BOCc和MSK两种适用于不同环境的信号波形: 在频谱资源充足的情况下,BOCc信号具有最优的导航性能;在频率资源受限的情况下,MSK信号兼容性好,抗干扰能力强,拥有较好的导航性能.最后,结合两类信号波形的优缺点提出了我国新一代卫星导航系统信号波形设计的建议.     

复杂电磁环境量化分级研究综述

对复杂电磁环境进行分类分级研究是认识电磁环境的基础,建立一套对其准确描述的量化表征方法,对精确制导武器的研制、部队训练与演习等具有重要意义。分析了国内外对复杂电磁环境量化分级的研究现状,指出当前量化方法在指导实践中存在的问题,最后提出了基于干扰调制与干扰强度指标的量化表征方法。     

动态拖尾星图模拟算法研究

星图模拟技术是星图识别算法仿真和性能测试的基础.为了更好地模拟星敏感器在轨工作的情况,对星敏感器的软件开发以及自身性能进行有效的地面测试,提出一种动态拖尾星图模拟算法.该算法分为4个步骤:首先根据星敏感器指向在全天球范围内搜索导航星;接着利用小孔成像模型计算导航星在星敏感器成像面的投影位置;然后在考虑卫星运动引起的恒星拖尾的基础上,按照二维灰度分布规律置灰度值来模拟星像点像素;最后叠加杂散光背景及成像器件引起的噪声.提出的算法具有速度快、精度高及可实现性高等优点.     

直升机目标的雷达特性分析

为了研究直升机目标的雷达特性,采用了理论分析、统计分析和性能指标体系分析的方法,对直升机与固定翼飞机、不同直升机之间目标的雷达特性进行了对比分析;建立了直升机的雷达特性统计模型,对统计特性结果进行了分析;采用性能指标体系分析的方法对旋翼调制特性进行了分析,得到了直升机目标的雷达特性影响因素和分布规律。其方法和结果可以作为直升机系统、防空武器系统和直升机靶标的设计参考。     

基于惯性系的双轴旋转式惯导系统转位方法

针对双轴旋转式惯导系统中不能自动补偿标度因数误差与地球自转耦合误差的问题,提出了一种改进的转位方法。该方法不增加转轴数目,通过补偿地球自转在转轴平面的投影抑制耦合误差项,计算结果表明该方法适用于激光陀螺惯导系统和光纤陀螺惯导系统。利用改进的转位方法对双轴旋转式惯导系统进行仿真,仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性。研究结果为双轴旋转式惯导系统的工程设计和改进提供了一定的理论支持。     

三维物体表面测量光传感技术

建立了小孔成像摄相机模型,提出了将投影仪看作主动相机的隐函数线性模型.采用了四幅相移光栅条纹编解码技术进行数据匹配,提出了基于质量图的枝切截断算法,处理解码过程中由于图像噪声、孔洞、阴影等导致的相位误差.最后,搭建了实验原型系统,选取了实物模型进行测量试验.实验结果表明,该3-D传感系统工作稳定、精度高,在150mm×200mm的测量范围,精度误差约±0.04 mm.     

可重构自适应无线电引信干扰技术研究

根据无线电引信的工作特点,提出了可重构自适应无线电引信干扰技术。设计了自适应无线电引信干扰技术方案,分析了无线电引信信号调制识别技术。对该技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

Moderate geomagnetic storms of January 22–25, 2012 and their influences on the wave components in ionosphere and upper stratosphere-mesosphere regions

Moderate geomagnetic storms occurred during January 22–25, 2012 period. The geomagnetic storms are characterized by different indices and parameters. The SYM-H value on January 22 increased abruptly to 67 nT at sudden storm commencement (SSC), followed by a sharp decrease to −87 nT. A second SSC on January 24 followed by a shock on January 25 was also observed. These SSCs before the main storms and the short recovery periods imply the geomagnetic storms are CME  -driven. The sudden jump of solar wind dynamic pressure and IMF _Bz$B_z$ are also consistent with occurrence of CMEs. This is also reflected in the change in total electron content (TEC) during the storm relative to quiet days globally. The response of the ionospheric to geomagnetic storms can also be detected from wave components that account for the majority of TEC variance during the period. The dominant coherent modes of TEC variability are diurnal and semidiurnal signals which account upto 83% and 30% of the total TEC variance over fairly exclusive ionospheric regions respectively. Comparison of TEC anomalies attributed to diurnal (DW1) and semidiurnal (SW2) tides, as well as stationary planetary waves (SPW1) at 12 UTC shows enhancement in the positive anomalies following the storm. Moreover, the impact of the geomagnetic storms are distinctly marked in the daily time series of amplitudes of DW1, SW2 and SPW1. The abrupt changes in amplitudes of DW1 (5 TECU) and SW2 (2 TECU) are observed within 20°S–20°N latitude band and along 20°N respectively while that of SPW1 is about 3 TECU. Coherent oscillation with a period of 2.4 days between interplanetary magnetic field and TEC was detected during the storm. This oscillation is also detected in the amplitudes of DW1 over EIA regions in both hemispheres. Eventhough upward coupling of quasi two day wave (QTDWs) of the same periodicity, known to have caused such oscillation, are detected in both ionosphere and upper stratosphere, this one can likely be attributed to the geomagnetic storm as it happens after the storm commencement. Moreover, further analysis has indicated that QTDWs in the ionosphere are strengthened as a result of coherent oscillation of interplanetary magnetic field with the same frequency as QTDWs. On the otherhand, occurrences of minor SSW and geomagnetic storms in quick succession complicated clear demarcation of attribution of the respective events to variability of QTDWs amplitudes over upper stratosphere.