声衬流动声性能测量的流管实验装置设计及调试

管道风扇声衬优化设计的重要环节是实验验证所设计的声衬结构在设计的流动工况下能否具有所要求的声学性能,本文回顾了验证实验装置流管设备的发展历史,介绍了北京航空航天大学所建立的流管装置的结构和工作原理,以及初步的调试,实验说明工作段流场均匀,无流动的声场满足波导管理论,初步调试表明该装置基本满足设计要求,调试是初步的,有、无流动条件的管口的声阻抗测量及其它有关流管的实验研究还有待进一步进行。      

高强中模碳纤维增强高耐热双马树脂复合材料性能

研究了一种耐高温改性双马来酰亚胺树脂（805）的工艺特性、流变特性和耐热性能,在此基础上制备了TG800/805国产高强中模碳纤维复合材料,并对高温及室温的力学性能和断裂微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明：805树脂的最低黏度为1.6 Pa·s,具有良好的工艺性;TG800/805复合材料具有优异的力学性能,经280 ℃热处理后,其弯曲强度和层间剪切强度在280 ℃的保持率分别为68%和52%,其玻璃化转变温度（T_g）为356 ℃,说明研制的TG800/805材料体系可以在280 ℃高温下较长时间使用。     

逆流推力矢量喷管基本流动特征的数值研究

 利用数值模拟的方法,通过对逆流方案中喷管气动性能的研究验证了逆流推力矢量方案的可行性。在非矢量状态下主喷管出口截面上的流量系数和推力系数分别达到99.2%和98.8%;矢量化状态下最大推力矢量角超过了20°,而推力系数与非矢量状态下的比较下降不超过3.7%,且最大抽吸二次流量比仅为2.1%。此外,对该方案中一些基本的流动特征进行了分析,得到了抽吸二次流量比与推力矢量角的变化关系所揭示的流场结构,并对此进行了详细解释,同时揭示了逆流剪切层强烈的湍动特性和大涡结构的特点。     

超细晶Laves相NbCr2颗粒增强Nb基复合材料的制备及其组织性能研究

采用机械合金化 热压工艺制备了Laves相NbCr2增强的Nb基复合材料。研究了Nb-22.5Cr配比成分的Nb,Cr元素粉经MA30h后在1250℃分别热压10min,20min和30min所获得的Nb/NbCr2复合材料的组织和性能。结果表明:三种热压时间均可制备出组织均匀,致密度高的Nb/NbCr2复合材料,体积分数约为30%的近等轴状的Laves相NbCr2颗粒弥散分布于Nb固溶体基体中。热压20min的试样具有最佳的组织和性能,其Laves相NbCr2的晶粒尺寸达到亚微米级,致密度达到99.2%,维氏硬度为9.41GPa,屈服强度为2950 MPa,抗压强度为3345 MPa,塑性应变达到了7.01%,充分实现了Laves相NbCr2颗粒强化和细晶强韧化的效果。     

极限温度环境对电子材料及元器件性能的影响

文章对深空探测航天器所处的极限温度环境进行说明,综合介绍了国外在此相关领域的研究进展,并从力学性能和微观组织2方面对钎料在极限低温下的变化规律进行阐述,继而扩展至器件级别,对各种器件在极限低温环境下的性能进行研究和总结。     

棱台式柔性外形气动力热环境仿真研究

文章利用修正后的计算流体动力学（CFD）模型,考虑变形影响,对比分析了可展开气动减速技术中3种典型气动外形的热流密度、气动压力和气动剪力分布规律。研究结果显示：传统回转体刚性外形的周向气动力热分布均匀,而棱台式外形在棱边处出现气动力热集中现象,且这种集中现象对于柔性外形更为明显;随着径向距离增加,3种外形的热流密度均逐步减小,而在过肩部处又陡然小幅上升;棱台式刚性外形与传统回转体刚性外形的气动压力分布规律一致,与棱台式柔性外形的气动剪力分布规律一致;棱台式刚性外形的气动力热特征整体上可以包络棱台式柔性外形的气动力热特征。     

Influence of processing and external storage conditions on the performance of envelope materials for stratospheric airships

Envelope materials are extremely vital for stratospheric airships, which are widely used in numerous applications. The influence of processing as well as the storage and utilization conditions on the performance of envelope materials has been studied systematically for the first time. Results show that the performance of envelope materials depends largely on the hot-pressing temperature and the flexing during processing. The tensile strength of samples dropped to 289.1 ± 8.0 MPa from 346.6 ± 9.3 MPa when pressed at temperature above 180 °C and helium leakage appeared. The outer layers would be worn off when flexed no matter by manual or machine, resulting in dramatic increase of helium permeability and even leakage as well as varying decrease of mechanical properties. Hence, suitable hot-pressing temperature and limitation of flexing as little as possible during processing are essential to obtain products with suitable properties. Besides, the storage and utilization conditions are also critical to the properties of envelope materials. Both naturally aged samples in outdoor storage on ground and samples recovered from actual flight on stratospheric airship exhibited reduced mechanical properties and even helium leakage due to excess solar irradiation, ozone concentration and energetic particles interaction compared with those stored indoors. The weatherability of envelope materials should be further strengthened in the next few years. This research could provide a theoretical guidance for actual practice.     

Robust LPV modeling and control of aircraft flying through wind disturbance

This article deals with the disturbance attenuation control of aircraft flying through wind shear via Linear Parameter Varying(LPV) modeling and control method. A Flight Dynamics Model(FDM) with wind shear effects considered was established in wind coordinate system. An LPV FDM was built up based on function substitution whose decomposing function was optimized by Genetic Algorithm(GA). The wind disturbance was explicitly included in the system matrix of LPV FDM. Taking wind disturbance as external uncertainties, robust LPV control method with the LPV FDM was put forward. Based on ride quality and flight safety requirements in wind disturbance, longitudinal and lateral output feedback robust LPV controllers were designed respectively,in which the scheduling flight states in LPV model were actually dependent parameters in LPV control. The results indicate that LPV FDM can reflect the instantaneous dynamics of nonlinear system especially at the boundary of aerodynamic envelope. Furthermore, the LPV FDM also can approach nonlinear FDM's response in wind disturbance special flight. Compared with a parameter-invariant LQR controller designed with a small-disturbance FDM, the LPV controllers show preferable robustness and stability for disturbance attenuation.     

Brazing of C/C composite and Ti-6Al-4V with graphene strengthened AgCuTi filler: Effects of graphene on wettability,microstructure and mechanical properties

Graphene nanosheets(GNSs) strengthened AgCuTi composite filler(AgCuTi_G) was used to braze C/C composite and Ti-6Al-4V. The effects of GNSs on the wettability of AgCuTi_G filler on the C/C composite surface and the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of brazed joints were investigated. The results indicate that the addition of GNSs reduced the wettability of AgCuTi_G. The interfacial microstructure of brazed joints evolved with the addition of GNSs, where Ti_3Cu_4 and TiCu_4 were converted to TiCu and the thickness of the reaction layer adjacent to the base material decreased. The maximum shear strength of joints brazed at 0.3 wt% GNSs was 23.3 MPa(880℃/10 min). Further adding GNSs deteriorated the shear strength of the joints. Fracture of the joints occurred in the C/C composite substrate and the TiC layer adjacent to C/C composite.     

C/C喉衬近净尺寸制备及性能

采用径向针刺工艺制备了近净尺寸针刺C/C喉衬预制体,通过热梯度CVI和树脂浸渍碳化复合工艺对预制体进行了致密,利用μ-CT、光学显微仪表征了C/C喉衬材料微观孔隙和热解碳织构,分析了喉衬材料的弯曲性能。结果表明,径向针刺过程形成的损伤型孔隙通道与碳源气体传输方向一致,提高了碳源气体传输效率,使径向针刺喉衬CVI增密效率比传统轴向针刺喉衬提高10.9%。预制体近净尺寸成型缩短了烧蚀区域碳源气体的渗透距离,喉衬材料烧蚀区域形成了高织构热解碳,有利于喉衬烧蚀性能的提高。径向针刺喉衬的轴向弯曲强度比轴向针刺喉衬提高150%。