基于EVENT模型的单向循环航路侧向碰撞风险分析

我国空域骨干航路拥挤不堪,一些支线航路的利用率却很低,单向循环航路的出现很好地解决了这一问题,对其进行安全评估是划设航路最重要的工作之一。在总结EVENT理论和相关文献的基础上,对单向循环航路和混合航路侧向碰撞风险进行比较分析,推算出目标安全等级下单向循环航路容量,并对单向循环航路侧向碰撞风险进行预测。结果表明,单向循环航路侧向碰撞风险远低于混合航路侧向碰撞风险,且未来10年均保持在比较稳定的安全水平。     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Atmospheric pressure variations at extratropical latitudes associated with Forbush decreases of galactic cosmic rays

Changes of troposphere pressure associated with short-time variations of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) taking place in the Northern hemisphere’s cold months (October–March) were analyzed for the period 1980–2006, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data being used. Noticeable pressure variations during Forbush decreases of GCRs were revealed at extratropical latitudes of both hemispheres. The maxima of pressure increase were observed on the 3rd–4th days after the event onsets over Northern Europe and the European part of Russia in the Northern hemisphere, as well as on the 4th–5th days over the eastern part of the South Atlantic opposite Queen Maud Land and over the d’Urville Sea in the Southern Ocean. According to the weather chart analysis, the observed pressure growth, as a rule, results from the weakening of cyclones and intensification of anticyclone development in these areas. The presented results suggest that cosmic ray variations may influence the evolution of extratropical baric systems and play an important role in solar-terrestrial relationships.     

Thrusting maneuver control of a small spacecraft via only gimbaled-thruster scheme

The thrust vector control (TVC) scheme is a powerful method in spacecraft attitude control. Since the control of a small spacecraft is being studied here, a solid rocket motor (SRM) should be used instead of a liquid propellant motor. Among the TVC methods, gimbaled-TVC as an efficient method is employed in this paper. The spacecraft structure is composed of a body and a gimbaled-SRM where common attitude control systems such as reaction control system (RCS) and spin-stabilization are not presented. A nonlinear two-body model is considered for the characterization of the gimbaled-thruster spacecraft where, the only control input is provided by a gimbal actuator. The attitude of the spacecraft is affected by a large exogenous disturbance torque which is generated by a thrust vector misalignment from the center of mass (C.M). A linear control law is designed to stabilize the spacecraft attitude while rejecting the mentioned disturbance torque. A semi-analytical formulation of the region of attraction (RoA) is developed to ensure the local stability and fast convergence of the nonlinear closed-loop system. Simulation results of the 3D maneuvers are included to show the applicability of this method for use in a small spacecraft.     

Structurally coupled characteristics of rotor blade using new rigid-flexible dynamic model based on geometrically exact formulation

In rotor dynamics, blades are normally modelled as a slender beam, in which elastic deformations are coupled with each other. To identify these coupling effects, new rigid-flexible structural model for helicopter rotor system is proposed in this paper. Finite rotations of the whole blade(on flapwise, lagwise, and torsional) are described as three global rigid degrees of freedom.The nonlinear deformation geometrics of the beam is built on geometrically exact beam theory.New expressions for blade ...     

直升机机动飞行的逆模拟

本文给出了一种直升机机动飞行的逆模拟方法以计算跟随预定飞行轨迹的驾驶员操纵,根据这一方法可以确定为完成直升机机动飞行所需的驾驶员操纵输入及直长机的飞行速度、角速度和的变化历程。直同飞行动力学模型没有作任何线化假设,其中考虑了旋翼入流的时滞效应、前行桨叶的压缩性物后行桨叶的失速特性及旋翼桨叶的非定常挥舞运动,引入了旋翼尾迹对直升机机身、尾翼和尾桨的气动干扰。最后以黑鹰直升机为例计算了鱼跃越障机动飞行     

Dirichlet边界条件低阶面无法的改进

对基于内部Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ边界条件的低阶面元法的速度分布提出一个改进算法。由极限过程结合高阶奇异积分的解析计算直接计算物面速度分布取代传统的偶强梯度法,以避免偶极强度边缘外推的困难。改进算法改善了ＶＳＡＥＲＯ分析中诱导阻力系数估值过低的问题。对后掠翼、前掠翼和翼身组合体等算例的计算表明,计算结果的准确度与高阶面元法相近。此外,直接积分法还可正确地计算外部流场速度分布。这是偶强梯度法不能完成的。     

复杂构形的亚、跨、超音速定常及非定常气动力的Green函数算法综述

对亚、跨、超音速定常及非定常气动力的 Green函数算法作了简要回顾 ,包括该方法的基本原理、近年来在国内的发展及其在气动弹性和气动载荷计算中的应用等。算例表明该方法适用范围广、计算效率高且比较准确     

大型空间结构材料性质退化和结构损伤

就材料性质的退化对大型空间结构动力响应的影响以及大型空间结构在轨损伤评估两个问题进行简要论述。损伤通常在复合材料中发生。对典型的空间桁架结构研究表明:材料性质的退化将引起固有频率的降低,并对振型有显著影响。介绍一种应用在轨响应测量的理论来评估结构系统损伤的发生、位置和程度。以天线桁架为例说明此理论的应用。     

固体运载火箭级间热分离仿真气体模型研究

目前,计算流体力学和飞行力学耦合仿真是模拟运载火箭级间分离较为流行的方法,而发动机内外流动建模则是运用该方法的关键。工程上,常用的方法是将发动机燃气与外部大气当作同一种气体组分处理,未考虑内外流动的多组分与燃烧效应。分析了化学非平衡流模型、双组分气体模型和常规单组分气体模型在火箭级间热分离流场计算中的适用性。化学非平衡流模型由于过高的计算消耗,不适用于火箭研制工程中大规模的参数化研究。而热化学等级较低的双组分气体和单组分气体模型由于计算量较低,具有较好的工程适用性。双组分气体模型计入了火箭燃气的特性,计算消耗远低于化学非平衡计算,且能够较好地预测火箭级间段的流动分离,在计算效率和计算保真度之间做出了较好的平衡,未来在工程研究中有较大的应用潜力。