两股互击式喷嘴雾化研究及应用

用激光全息及图像处理技术,研究两股互击式喷嘴的撞击状况及雾化性能,获得了喷嘴的雾化性能参数,在喷嘴的水试雾化性能、热试燃烧效率及比冲对比后,提出用水试雾化性能评估其热试效果,检验喷嘴的加工质量。此技术已用于小推力发动机喷嘴的筛选。     

结构参数对敞口型离心喷嘴动态特性的影响

为了研究敞口型离心喷嘴结构参数及工况参数对其动态特性的影响, 以RD120预燃室煤油喷嘴的大致结构尺寸为参考, 设计一组算例进行了计算.计算结果表明:敞口型喷嘴内的流量相对振幅会随振荡频率的增加而下降, 滞后相移随振荡频率的增大而单调增加.压降越大, 流量相对振幅越大, 相移越小.具有较大几何特性A和旋流腔长径比的敞口型离心喷嘴可以阻尼掉更多的流量振荡.敞口型喷嘴的滞后相移会随旋流腔长度的增大而线性增大, 据此可以调节切向入口的轴向间距来滤除某一频率的振荡.      

尾缘吹气稳定器与前方溅板式喷油匹配试验

使用了一种作为主流供油的侧喷挡板喷油杆,研究了主流供油与尾缘吹气稳定器局部供油的燃油匹配规律,揭示了尾缘吹气稳定器的性能特点.同时,为了验证侧喷挡板这种新的燃油匹配方式是否具有优越性,使用两种不同型式的火焰稳定器作为主稳定器,将其与一种逆喷挡板匹配方式的燃烧性能进行了对比分析.结果表明,在试验参数范围内,使用吹气稳定器作为主稳定器,侧喷挡板的燃烧性能好于逆喷挡板.      

氢氧同轴式喷嘴流量特性试验和理论分析

介绍了氢氧直流同轴式喷嘴结构参数对流量特性的影响的热试验研究结果,并采用一维数值分析模型计算了结构参数对喷嘴流量特性的影响。结果表明:计算结果与热试数据相吻合。喷嘴结构参数变化将引起喷嘴压力损失变化,并导致喷嘴流量特性发生变化;氢氧喷嘴流量系数随缩进深度增大而减小;氢喷嘴流量系数随环形间隙增大而减小,氧喷嘴流量系数则反之。      

Numerical simulation of flow in swirl injector for power-law fluid

In order to investigate the flow characteristics of swirl injectors for gelled propellants, which actually behaved as non-Newtonian power-law fluid, a swirl axisymmetric model was established to solve Navier-Stokes equations and VOF (volume of fluid) equation, and the power-law constitutive equation was used to describe the rheology characteristics of the gelled propellants. The film thickness and velocity distribution in the swirl injector under different flow conditions were studied numerically. The simulation results show that the increased geometry characteristic parameter of the swirl injector contributes to the decrease of liquid film thickness. The liquid film thickness is almost independent of the pressure drop. The rheologic parameters have great influences on the inner flow of swirl injector: by increasing the fluid consistency index K and power index n, both the axial and the swirl velocities decrease dramatically; higher fluid consistency index K and power index n make the liquid film thickness increase. When the viscosity is large enough, the air core in the injector would vanish.      

某燃气轮机空气雾化喷嘴的试验研究

进行了某型燃机空气雾化喷嘴燃油喷雾特性的试验研究。得到以下结论：在油压不变的情况下,雾化锥角总是随着空气压力的增加有所减小,索特尔平均直径SMD随之迅速减小,整体减小幅度大约在10-30μm;气压不变时,雾化锥角和索特尔平均直径随着油压的增加而稍有增大;当气压为0.3MPa时,索特尔平均直径基本都保持在30μm以内。     

基于正交设计的气-气喷嘴数值模拟

通过应用正交表安排喷嘴的主要参数以进行设计,并对以气氢/气氧为推进剂的同轴剪切喷嘴进行数值模拟.选择燃烧位置为评价喷嘴性能的参数,研究单喷嘴质量流量、氧喷嘴压降、速度比和氧喷嘴出口角度对喷嘴的燃烧位置的影响.通过对数值模拟的结果的极差和方差分析表明:增大流量使推进剂的燃烧位置远离喷注面,流量是对燃烧位置影响程度最大参数;提高速度比使燃烧位置与喷注面距离缩短,而氧压降和氧喷嘴出口角度变化对燃烧位置的影响较小.      

外涵引气双层壁喷油杆冷却特性数值模拟

通过数值模拟对新型加力用外涵引气双层壁喷油杆冷却性能进行了研究.该喷油杆为双层壁结构, 从外涵引气冷却喷油杆.首先对实验油杆冷却性能进行了计算, 并与油杆冷却性能模拟实验结果进行了对比, 两者变化规律基本符合, 表明该计算方法可用.随后用该方法对真实加力室油杆冷却性能进行了计算, 得到该喷油杆在真实加力室4个工况下外套及油杆内壁温度分布及从外涵引气量.数值模拟结果表明该双层壁喷油杆方案可以有效引气和降温, 使得喷油杆在高温的加力燃烧室内能正常工作.      

Performance comparison of aero-ramp and transverse injector based on gas-pilot flame

A direct performance comparison between the four-hole aero-ramp injector and single transverse injector in a dual-mode scramjet combustor was conducted. The mixing characteristics of two injectors were calculated by solving the three-dimensional (3-D) compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS), with the help of the shear-stress-transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. The numerical results show that the far field mixing efficiency of the aero-ramp injector is higher than that of the single transverse injector. High enthalpy vitiated air was heated to a total temperature of 1200K by hydrogen-oxygen combustion, entering the isolator entrance at a Mach number of 2.0. Non-reacting experimental conditions involved sonic injection of nitrogen to safely simulate ethylene injected into the combustor at a jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratio of 2.6. Schlieren photographs were obtained to analyze the shock structure around the injectors. Reacting test conditions involved sonic injection of ethylene at the jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratios ranging from 0.5 to 2.7. High speed camera was used to capture the flame structures in the near-field combustion. The experimental results show that the aero-ramp injector produce sustained combustion over a wider range of fuel-air ratios than the single transverse injector. At the identical jet-to-free stream momentum flux ratio, the aero-ramp has a larger isolator margin than the single transverse injector, demonstrating a better ability for avoiding overflows. However, the air specific impulse and total temperature recovery of two injectors, which are calculated by the one-dimensional (1-D) performance analysis code, are almost identical.      

面关机针栓式喷注器发动机头部传热分析

对面关机针栓式喷注器发动机头部的传热情况进行了分析建模,应用数值方法分别计算了发动机在工作过程和关机后头部集液腔内推进剂温度的瞬态变化情况.计算结果表明,发动机在工作过程中头部集液腔中的推进剂温升很小,关机后推进剂有不超过200℃的温升.从计算结果来看,头部的推进剂处于安全的温度范围内.