天基激光移除空间碎片仿真平台研究与开发

为了从空间碎片和天基移除系统两方面分析激光驱动碎片变轨过程,优化移除任务规划和策略,基于真实的可观测空间碎片数据,设计并开发了一套天基激光移除空间碎片三维数值仿真平台。首先从总体设计出发,对三维数值仿真平台的需求分析、总体框架、模块功能进行了明确的描述。其次通过对激光驱动空间碎片变轨过程数学模型的分析,确定了各模块的具体实现方法。最后采用C++/Qt开发了三维数值仿真平台,通过仿真验证了设计平台的有效性。该仿真平台可用于不同天基平台和目标碎片的任务规划、碎片分布热点区域和航天器防护区域的方案设计及空间环境治理体系的优化设计。     

一种运载火箭用大功率电动伺服驱动器的散热设计

散热对电子设备的性能有着直接的影响,散热器广泛应用于电子产品的热设计用于改善其散热能力,因此散热器应作为关键部件进行设计。针对航天领域使用的大功率电动伺服驱动器的散热问题,提出了通过热力学理论计算指导散热器结构设计的方法。首先通过理论计算结果确定散热器的结构尺寸,然后通过PRO/E三维建模软件对散热器进行建模并利用ANYSY ICEPAK热仿真软件对所设计的散热器进行热仿真,最后搭建了伺服驱动器的热试验环境。仿真结果和试验数据均验证了该设计方法的正确性。     

载人航天器密封系统漏率设计方法

载人航天器密封舱为航天员提供在轨生活、工作的环境,对密封舱及其环控生保系统、热控制系统、推进控制系统等中各管路的密封性能有严格要求。文章提出了一种漏率设计方法,建立了相应的漏率检测系统,并依据该方法制定了密封舱体和各管路的漏率设计和指标分配的流程。本流程可用作载人航天器舱体密封系统、管路密封系统的漏率设计,对保证载人航天器在轨安全可靠运行有重要参考价值。     

Which way is the bookstore? A closer look at the judgments of relative directions task

We present a detailed analysis of a widely used assay in human spatial cognition, the judgments of relative direction (JRD) task. We conducted three experiments involving virtual navigation interspersed with the JRD task, and included confidence judgments and map drawing as additional metrics. We also present a technique for assessing the similarity of the cognitive representations underlying performance on the JRD and map-drawing tasks. Our results support the construct validity of the JRD task and its connection to allocentric representation. Additionally, we found that chance performance on the JRD task depends on the distribution of the angles of participants’ responses, rather than being constant and 90 degrees. Accordingly, we present a method for better determining chance performance.     

微纳聚合体卫星的对称式重构规划算法

为解决微纳聚合体卫星变构过程中，聚合体各部分之间的动力学耦合导致的卫星整体姿态翻转或紊乱，提出了一种对称式变构规划算法。首先建立了铰链约束下的漂浮基多刚体系统动力学模型，研究了重构过程中各运动模块对本体姿态的影响，提出当每两个运动模块位置与转动方向满足对称性条件时，两者对本体姿态的影响可在一定程度上相互抵消。基于上述理论，在A*算法中引入最优分配度量和对称性判定，设计了并行对称重构规划算法。仿真结果表明，该规划算法可实现重构过程中多模块并行、对称运动，重构过程总步数较少，运动模块对本体姿态的影响小。     

A novel satellite image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaotic systems and Josephus problem

With the rapid growth of the number of Earth observation satellite (EOS) supporting critical applications, it is required to improve the security techniques to protect the sensitive data and images during the transmission between the satellites and the ground stations. This paper introduces a new satellite image encryption algorithm based on the Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) generator, SHA 512 hash function, hyperchaotic systems, and Josephus problem. LFSR generates a matrix that is used to construct the 512-bits value of the hash function. These bits are used to set the initial values and parameters of the proposed encryption algorithm. Firstly, the six dimensions (6-D) hyperchaotic system is divided into three parts, where every two equations are considered as one part. Secondly, the 1-D hyperchaotic logistic-tent system is considered as the controller to select one part. The selected part is used to generate a matrix that is XORed with the original image. Thirdly, the scrambling operation by Josephus sequences is applied to the output of the previous step by scrambling the rows and the columns according to the selected part to produce the pre-encrypted image. Finally, if the number of iterations is less than the required number which is considered as a parameter of the secret key, the previous operations will be repeated in the pre-encrypted image; otherwise, the pre-encrypted image is considered as the final cipher image. Experimental and analyses results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance in terms of high level of security, large enough key-space, tolerance to Single Event Upsets (SEU) as well as low time complexity.     

Ionospheric TEC disturbances over China during the strong geomagnetic storm in September 2017

From September 7 to 8, 2017, a G4-level strong geomagnetic storm occurred, which seriously impacted on the Earth’s ionosphere. In this work, the global ionospheric maps released by Chinese Academy of Sciences are used to investigate the ionospheric responses over China and its adjacent regions during the strong storm. The prominent TEC enhancements, which mainly associated with the neutral wind and eastward prompt penetration electric field, are observed at equatorial ionization anomaly crests during the main phase of the storm on 8 September 2017. Compared with those on 8 September, the TEC enhancements move to lower-latitude regions during the recovery phase on 9 September. A moderate storm occurred well before the start of the strong storm causes similar middle-latitude TEC enhancements on 7 September. However, the weak TEC depletion is observed at middle and low latitude on 9–10 September, which could be associated with the prevailing westward disturbance electric field or storm-time neural composition changes. In addition, the storm-time RMS and STD values of the ionospheric TEC grids over China increase significantly due to the major geomagnetic storm. The maximum of the RMS reaches 12.0 TECU, while the maximum of the STD reaches 8.3 TECU at ~04UT on 8 September.     

同步双小行星系统共振轨道设计

研究了同步双小行星系统中共振轨道的设计方法及演化规律。首先，基于双椭球模型建立探测器运动方程，并给出共振轨道初值选取方法。然后，利用改进并行打靶法，提出一种双小行星系统平面共振轨道两步修正方法。同时结合稳定性理论及分岔理论，给出双小行星系统三维共振轨道生成和延拓方法；最后，以双小行星系统1999KW4为例，设计了共振比为1∶1,1∶2,1∶3,1∶4,2∶3的平面和空间共振轨道族，并分析了共振轨道的特性及轨道周期和轨道能量的变化规律。给出的双小行星系统中共振轨道的设计方法具有普适性，对未来双小行星系统探测任务中的轨道设计具有一定的参考意义与借鉴价值。     

Identification of seismic activity sources on the subsatellite track by ionospheric plasma disturbances detected with the Sich-2 onboard probes

Using a cylindrical Langmuir probe and the authors’ proprietary two-channel pressure transducer, ionospheric plasma parameter distributions along the orbit of the Sich-2 satellite (Ukraine, 2011–2012) were measured. This paper is concerned with identifying the space–time location of ionospheric plasma disturbance sources, including the epicenters of actual earthquakes (before or during the satellite flyover) and incipient earthquakes on the subsatellite track, from the measured distributions of the electron density and temperature and the neutral particle temperature along the satellite orbit. To do this, the measured ionospheric plasma parameter distributions are connected to the coordinates on the subsatellite track.It is shown that local disturbances in the electron density and temperature and neutral particle temperature distributions in the satellite orbit in the ionosphere may serve as indicators of seismic activity on the subsatellite track. The epicenters of incipient earthquakes may be set off from other plasma parameter disturbance sources associated with seismic activity using information provided by special monitoring and survey centers that monitor the current seismic situation.     

Backstepping sliding-mode control of stratospheric airships using disturbance-observer

In the presence of unknown disturbances and model parameter uncertainties, this paper develop a nonlinear backstepping sliding-mode controller (BSMC) for trajectory tracking control of a stratospheric airship using a disturbance-observer (DO). Compared with the conventional sliding mode surface (SMS) constructed by a linear combination of the errors, the new SMS manifold is selected as the last back-step error to improve independence of the adjustment of the controller gains. Furthermore, a nonlinear disturbance-observer is designed to process unknown disturbance inputs and improve the BSMC performances. The closed-loop system of trajectory tracking control plant is proved to be globally asymptotically stable by using Lyapunov theory. By comparing with traditional backstepping control and SMC design, the results obtained demonstrate the capacity of the airship to execute a realistic trajectory tracking mission, even in the presence of unknown disturbances, and aerodynamic coefficient uncertainties.