飞机加改装部件绕流脉动压力研究

现役飞机的加改装或改型 ,是赋予装备新功能、提高装备性能和综合战斗力的一条快速、有效的途径。在加改装工程中,防止发生加改装部件的结构振动是一个较为突出的技术难点 ,而导致飞机部件结构振动的主要激励源之一是其绕流产生的非定常气动载荷。描述了飞机加改装部件绕流的典型流态及其脉动压力的主要特点,提出了加改装部件外形的综合优化设计方法,介绍了绕流脉动压力风洞实验数据与飞行实测数据间相关性研究的主要结果。     

C/C复合材料抗氧化研究进展

结合国内外近年的研究报道，分别对抗氧化涂层技术以及基体改性技术进行了介绍。重点阐述抗氧化涂层的基本要求、各涂层体系及制备方法。提出了对于C／C复合材料高温氧化保护研究方向的一些看法，阐明了其发展趋势及前景。     

考虑姿轨耦合的航天器高精度实时导航定轨方法

针对近地轨道航天器及其全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)测量数据驱动的实时导航定轨方法,使用轨道动力学原理解析了由GNSS天线安装位置与航天器质心偏差造成的定轨误差。基于航天器在轨的刚体运动特性和对地姿态特征,提出针对安装关系对应的相对速度修正项。使用姿轨耦合的分析方法,明确了基于航天器质心轨道积分和天线测量点位速修正的GNSS测量信息模拟。结合扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)形式的实时导航算法,分析了安装关系造成的定轨系统误差。围绕半长轴确定误差的长期变化规律,仿真证明了GNSS测量数据的位速修正在高精度实时导航定轨过程中的必要性。     

表面氧化改性对碳气凝胶的分散性和导电性的影响

为了得到具有优良的分散性和导电性的碳气凝胶,研究了碳气凝胶的硝酸氧化改性温度对碳气凝胶的结构和性能的影响。通过FTIR、XPS、Zeta电位、XRD和N2等温吸附-脱附等技术对样品进行表征,结果表明:硝酸氧化改善分散性的机理在于对碳气凝胶表面的含氧官能团数量的改变,而且氧化温度越高,含氧官能团的数量就越多,碳气凝胶的分散性就越好;与此相反,较低温度的氧化处理有利于保持碳气凝胶的导电性(40℃,87.7%),而高温氧化由于易使碳气凝胶的微孔迅速增多从而导致其电导率急剧下降(100℃,2.5%)。     

Investigations on femtosecond laser-induced surface modification and periodic micropatterning with anti-friction properties on Ti6Al4V titanium alloy

Titanium alloys have a wide application in aerospace industries as it has greater strength and low density, but it has poor tribological properties. To improve its friction and wear performance, in present work, a femtosecond laser is used to directly irradiate the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface in air conditioning, which results in localized ablation and the formation of periodic microstructures but also a strong pressure wave, propagating the material inside. Through the optimization of proces...     

等离子体清洗技术及其在复合材料领域中的应用

低温等离子体作为材料表面改性技术的应用已经非常广泛,其中一项重要应用是作为一种干法清洗技术有效清除材料表面的有机污染物及氧化层,同时改善材料表面的物理及化学性能.本文对等离子体清洗技术的机理、类型及效果特点进行了详细分析,介绍了等离子体清洗设备及影响其清洗效率的工艺参数,并着重分析了等离子体清洗技术在复合材料领域的应用现状及应用前景.     

硝酸铵喷雾干燥表面改性

为降低硝酸铵、（AN）的吸湿性，采用喷雾干燥技术，用聚合物和偶联剂对相稳定硝酸铵（PSAN）进行改性。通过吸湿性、接触角、包覆层质量百分数、XPS和SEM对改性后的PSAN进行了表征，研究结果表明，用偶联剂和聚合物对PSAN进行复合表面改性可有效抑制PSAN的吸湿，改性后平均相对吸湿率为46%，比用液相沉积法平均下降了约3%，包履层质量下降了76%，说明喷雾干燥技术的改性效果明显优于液相沉积技术。     

A hybrid chemical modification strategy for monocrystalline silicon micro-grinding: Experimental investigation and synergistic mechanism

For high performance manufacturing of micro parts and features, a hybrid chemical modification strategy is proposed to decrease critical energy barrier of mechanical removal of hard and brittle crystal material by refining localized machining condition. The strategy, namely UV-light and IR-laser hybrid chemical modification (UVIR-CM) strategy, includes two steps, an ultraviolet light (UV-light) catalytic advanced oxidation and an infrared laser (IR-laser) assisted selective modification based on Fenton liquid–solid reaction for monocrystalline silicon. The modification effects of UVIR-CM strategy were investigated by surface morphology micro-observation, cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, Raman spectroscopy analysis and nanoindentation test. Experimental results demonstrated that varied degrees of laser texturing appeared on different strategy samples’ IR-laser scanned area. And the IR-laser thermal damage has been successfully inhibited due to the refraction and reflection of energy by bubbles in liquid medium. But for the UVIR-CM strategy, a uniform and amorphous silicate layer is detected in a certain boundary. The UV-light promotes oxidation cycle ability of the chemical solution and ensures sufficient oxide modified layer for subsequent step. Attributing to synergism of photochemical, photothermal and kinetic effects induced by IR-laser, the modified layer displays layered structure with about 600 nm thickness, (2.7 ± 0.60) GPa nanohardness, and (93.7 ± 22.9) GPa indentation modulus. And the layered structure is amorphous layer, nanocrystal and micro-twins layer from the surface to the interior of sample. Consequently, it reveals that the subsequent mechanical removal will become easy due to decreasing energy barrier of monocrystalline silicon in selective area. Meanwhile, its original excellent mechanical properties also are maintained under a certain depth. The results contribute to develop a novel combined micro-machining technology to achieve collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity for micro parts and feature.     

A novel compilation method of comprehensive mission spectrum of aero-engine maneuvering load based on use-related mission segment

Comprehensive Mission Spectrum (CMS) of an aero-engine can reflect the usage characteristics of the engine. It can provide load input for engine life prediction and accelerated mission test. In this paper, a novel compilation method of CMS of aero-engine maneuvering load based on mission segment is proposed. Firstly, the use-related Typical Mission Segment (TMS) of maneuvering load is divided and identified according to spectral characteristics. Secondly, the mathematical model of different kinds of TMS are established based on stochastic process theory. Finally, the CMS of maneuvering load is compiled based on TMS. The proposed method can accurately quantify the compilation of CMS. The compiled CMS shows good agreement with the original load spectrum. According to damage consistency inspection, the compiled CMS is consistent with the damage caused by the original load spectrum in terms of low cycle fatigue.     

释放不同化学物质对电离层扰动的比较

在电离层F区释放氢（H₂）、水（H₂O）、二氧化碳（CO₂）、六氟化硫（SF₆）、三氟溴甲烷（CF₃Br）、羰基镍（Ni（CO）₄）可以损耗局域等离子体电子密度,形成电子空洞,电离层电子密度的改变主要取决于释放物质的气态分子与电离层之间的离子化学反应.在电离层人工主动扰动实验中,应根据发射成本和扰动效果对释放物质进行选择.通过热力学原理和有限元模拟方法计算比较了上述6种物质对电离层的扰动影响.计算结果表明,6种物质中水的气化率最低,约为19%,其余5种物质都在60%以上,选择密度小的物质,例如H₂和CO₂,可以有效降低发射成本.另外,扩散较慢且化学反应较快的物质,例如SF₆和Ni（CO）₄,能够使得电离层电子密度减少得更多,并且受扰动区域更广、持续时间更长.