测试性建模以及测试性验证试验应用

鉴于用户对航电产品测试性要求的不断提高,因此在签署协议时已经规定了产品的测试性定量指标以及开展测试性建模和测试性验证试验的要求。首先收集产品测试性设计信息,梳理产品研制阶段开展测试性建模分析的流程,根据测试性建模的结论以及改进建议迭代产品设计,再开展测试性试验验证测试性建模分析的正确性,对改进后测试性设计进行验证,以实现产品的测试性设计迭代与增长,判定产品的测试性水平是否达到规定的要求。     

大展弦比大柔性机翼载荷分布求解的一种方法

大展弦比大柔性机翼在气动力作用下产生较大的弯曲和扭转变形,会引起明显的气动载荷重新分布。基于一种只具有2个广义转角自由度的梁单元模型,提出了一种大展弦比大柔性机翼载荷重新分布的新方法。该方法将大柔性机翼弯曲变形的几何非线性问题转化为线性问题,同时,基于弯曲变形结果,可在局部坐标系下进行机翼扭转变形求解,避免了整体坐标系下扭转变形的几何非线性问题。综合来看,该方法可将具有明显几何非线性效应的大展弦比大柔性机翼的载荷重新分布问题转化为线性问题,且计算量小,效率高,非常适合工程实用。通过与大柔性悬臂梁解析解的对比,验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性。     

通用飞机多约束水平航路规划方法研究

随着我国低空空域的开放,通用飞机低空航路规划问题越来越复杂,亟待解决。在传统航路规划方法的基础上,研究满足区域导航要求下低空空域的约束条件,并针对每一类约束条件,建立航路优化模型,给出航路优化算法的实现步骤。仿真实验验证表明,多约束水平航路规划方法能够满足通用飞机机载设备的功能和性能要求。     

三维矩形板1/4椭圆角裂纹的通用权函数

对三维矩形板1/4椭圆角裂纹的通用权函数进行了研究.基于有限元方法计算了裂纹面承受沿宽度方向的均布、线性分布和2次分布应力时的参考应力强度因子解,建立了形式较为统一、较高精度以及适用范围相对更宽的参考应力强度因子近似表达式.在此基础上获得了三维矩形板1/4椭圆角裂纹的通用权函数,最后采用裂纹面分别承受3次、5次和7次幂函数分布应力下的应力强度因子有限元解对通用权函数的计算精度进行了检验和验证.结果表明:建立的通用权函数相比已有的通用权函数精度由4%(A点)和6%(B点)提高到1.06%(A点)和1.6%(B点),补充验证的7次幂函数分布载荷下的应力强度因子通用权函数解的精度达到3.67%(A点)7.45%(B点).      

高空长航时太阳能无人机总体设计要点分析

高空长航时（HALE）太阳能无人机（UAV）的基本工作原理与常规动力飞机相比有显著的区别,体现在飞机总体设计方法上有其独到之处,方案设计中还需要对一些关键技术细节进行认真权衡。阐述了高空长航时太阳能无人机总体设计中遵循的重量不变和能量平衡原则的机理,同时从太阳能无人机巡航平飞功率需求、布局形式选取、飞行剖面优化和临近空间使用环境影响等方面出发,研究了太阳能无人机总体设计中的若干注意事项,主要结论可用于高空长航时太阳能无人机总体设计和方案优化。     

中国通用航空发展现状及对策分析

通过对我国通用航空的基本状况、主要特点、政策法规、产业园区等基本状况的分析,并与美国等国家通用航空现状的简单对比,可以看出,我国通用航空已经到了快速发展的重要起步阶段,提出了我国通用航空发展存在的主要问题和发展瓶颈,依据国家关于低空空域管理改革的意见等相关政策,归纳并提出了发展我国通用航空的几个方面措施建议。     

基于MATLAB/Simulink的滑油系统建模仿真与优化

为分析滑油系统特性,研究其与航空发动机协同工作及设计问题,基于滑油系统元部件的流量、压力和换热特性在MATLAB/Simulink下开发了通用仿真模块库,构建了包含供油、回油、通风和热力系统的全系统仿真模型.以某型涡扇发动机及其滑油系统为例,计算了高温起飞工况下滑油系统主要工作参数值,并与商业软件Flowmaster对比计算结果,相对误差保持在3.8%以下.利用全系统仿真模型的拓展性,成功与GasTurb发动机模型进行联合仿真,使用遗传算法优化滑油系统设计参数,通过改变供油分配比例使最高回油温度降低4.12%,可为滑油系统的设计及改进提供参考.      

空气/烟气组合对波转子发动机性能的影响

针对波转子作为燃气轮机高压级构成的波转子发动机,考虑波转子普遍存在的烟气回流、空气排放现象及其形成的空气/烟气工质组合,建立热力学控制方程组,对波转子发动机总体方案进行对比和参数分析,并且基于热力循环模型分析参数影响关系的热力学原理。分析结果表明:烟气回流和空气排放的流量比例的增加会在不同程度上降低波转子发动机的循环功与热效率;烟气回流对总体性能的影响程度小于空气排放;适当提高波转子压比可以在考虑烟气回流和空气排放影响的前提下保持波转子发动机的总体性能。     

The Geology of Mercury: The View Prior to the MESSENGER Mission

Mariner 10 and Earth-based observations have revealed Mercury, the innermost of the terrestrial planetary bodies, to be an exciting laboratory for the study of Solar System geological processes. Mercury is characterized by a lunar-like surface, a global magnetic field, and an interior dominated by an iron core having a radius at least three-quarters of the radius of the planet. The 45% of the surface imaged by Mariner 10 reveals some distinctive differences from the Moon, however, with major contractional fault scarps and huge expanses of moderate-albedo Cayley-like smooth plains of uncertain origin. Our current image coverage of Mercury is comparable to that of telescopic photographs of the Earth’s Moon prior to the launch of Sputnik in 1957. We have no photographic images of one-half of the surface, the resolution of the images we do have is generally poor (∼1 km), and as with many lunar telescopic photographs, much of the available surface of Mercury is distorted by foreshortening due to viewing geometry, or poorly suited for geological analysis and impact-crater counting for age determinations because of high-Sun illumination conditions. Currently available topographic information is also very limited. Nonetheless, Mercury is a geological laboratory that represents (1) a planet where the presence of a huge iron core may be due to impact stripping of the crust and upper mantle, or alternatively, where formation of a huge core may have resulted in a residual mantle and crust of potentially unusual composition and structure; (2) a planet with an internal chemical and mechanical structure that provides new insights into planetary thermal history and the relative roles of conduction and convection in planetary heat loss; (3) a one-tectonic-plate planet where constraints on major interior processes can be deduced from the geology of the global tectonic system; (4) a planet where volcanic resurfacing may not have played a significant role in planetary history and internally generated volcanic resurfacing may have ceased at ∼3.8 Ga; (5) a planet where impact craters can be used to disentangle the fundamental roles of gravity and mean impactor velocity in determining impact crater morphology and morphometry; (6) an environment where global impact crater counts can test fundamental concepts of the distribution of impactor populations in space and time; (7) an extreme environment in which highly radar-reflective polar deposits, much more extensive than those on the Moon, can be better understood; (8) an extreme environment in which the basic processes of space weathering can be further deduced; and (9) a potential end-member in terrestrial planetary body geological evolution in which the relationships of internal and surface evolution can be clearly assessed from both a tectonic and volcanic point of view. In the half-century since the launch of Sputnik, more than 30 spacecraft have been sent to the Moon, yet only now is a second spacecraft en route to Mercury. The MESSENGER mission will address key questions about the geologic evolution of Mercury; the depth and breadth of the MESSENGER data will permit the confident reconstruction of the geological history and thermal evolution of Mercury using new imaging, topography, chemistry, mineralogy, gravity, magnetic, and environmental data.     

基于通用微机的雷达终端系统设计

雷达终端是雷达系统的核心组成部分,有必要采用当前先进的软硬件技术来设计.考虑到雷达终端发展现状,着重分析了雷达的功能要求和系统中的信息流,构建了基于通用微机的模块化、软件化的雷达终端系统,并详细讨论了系统的结构及硬件和软件的设计.系统由通用微机和雷达信号处理板sD754lA来实现,在运行过程中稳定可靠,满足雷达信号数据实时处理和显示的需求.