关于军工科研单位全面预算管理的若干思考

本文着重阐述了军工科研单位全面预算管理的涵义和作用及推行预算管理存在的问题、推行预算管理采取的措施.     

低马赫数条件下几何折转角对平面扩压叶栅弯叶片流场性能的影响

将低马赫数大转角弯叶片数值计算结果与实验结果进行了比较,结果表明计算与实验结果吻合得较好,在计算中弯叶片降低能量损失系数为11%,在实验中弯叶片降低能量损失系数为13%.为了深入讨论压气机中弯叶片的适用条件,在0°迎角下,只改变几何折转角,共做了4套平面叶栅的数值分析,其结果表明大转角弯叶片的效果较为明显,比如在59.5°折转角叶栅中,最佳弯角为30°的正弯叶片降低能量损失系数的17.9%;而在39.5°折转角叶栅中,最佳弯角15°正弯叶片只减小了损失系数的0.7%,当进一步增加弯角时,损失反而增加.可以证明在低马赫数条件下叶型折转角的大小是在压气机中是否使用弯叶片的一个重要参考因素.     

卡尔·费休库仑法水分测量技术及其应用研究

运用卡尔·费休库仑法,对日本三菱公司的CA-06水分测定仪不能直接检测的固体、油品和气体中水分含量进行检测技术研究.组建了固体、油品及气体水分检测系统,试验验证检测结果准确、可信,使CA-06水分测定仪应用范围得以拓宽.将建立的检测技术应用到泡沫材料、气相白碳黑、桂树脂及高纯氢气中的水分含量检测,均获得了较好的检测结果.     

某型军机军械火控系统自动测试仪的设计与研究

传统的机载火控系统性能测试技术含量低,不能满足现代战争的需要.为提高部队的快速反应能力,研制了一种基于VXI总线技术组建的机载火控系统自动测试,并给出了测试仪的硬件配置和在Lab Windows/CVI环境下的软件模块化设计方案及实现方法.机载火控系统自动测试仪的研制,为部队战时或训练现场实时测试机载火控系统的主要性能提供了方便.     

弯掠叶片气动性能的实验研究

与直叶片相比较 ,对一种具有前掠和正弯积迭线的独特的压气机叶片进行了实验研究。在不同位置采用五孔探针测量了两种叶栅的气动参数并在叶片表面做了墨迹流动显示。结果表明弯掠叶栅端部损失降低而叶展中部损失增加 ,但相应的端部扩压因子有所减小。此外该叶片吸力面上形成了有助于防止低能流体在角区积聚的反C型压力分布。弯掠叶栅改善了端壁角区内的流动并显著降低了叶栅总损失     

焊接接头力学性能不均匀性的研究

研究１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ材料氩弧对接焊接头的力学性能不均匀性,用金相分析和微形剪切试验得到焊接接头上不同组织区的力学性能分布特性。结果表明,在熔合区组织不均匀性与力学性能不均匀性最为严重,是焊接接头最薄弱的环节。焊接接头的疲劳试验表明,初始裂纹一般发生在熔合区,同时焊接接头力学性能不均匀性会导致焊接接头疲劳寿命降低４０％～６０％     

Numerical investigation of transcritical liquid film cooling in a methane / oxygen rocket engine

Transcritical film cooling was investigated by numerical study in a methane cooled methane/oxygen rocket engine.The respective time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations have been solved for the compressible steady three-dimensional(3-D) flow.The flow field computations were performed using the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equation(SIMPLE) algorithm on several blocks of nonuniform collocated grid.The calculation was conducted over a pressure range of 202 650.0 Pa to 1.2×107 Pa and a temperature range of 120.0 K to 3 568.0 K.Twenty-nine different cases were simulated to calculate the impact of different factors.The results show that mass flow rate,length,diameter,number and diffused or convergence of film jet channel,injection angle and jet array arrangements have great impact on transcritical film cooling effectiveness.Furthermore,shape of the jet holes and jet and crossflow turbulence also affect the wall temperature distribution.Two rows of film arranged in different axial angles and staggered arrangement were proposed as new liquid film arrangement.Different radial angles have impact on the film cooling effectiveness in two row-jets cooled cases.The case of in-line and staggered arrangement are almost the same in the region before the second row of jets,but a staggered arrangement has a higher film cooling effectiveness from the second row of jets.     

Three-dimensional numerical study of supercritical pressure effect on heat transfer of cryogenic methane

A three-dimensional numerical study of the turbulent convective heat transfer of the cryogenic methane flowing inside a square engine cooling channel under supercritical pressures was systematically conducted. Numerical results indicate that increasing the fluid pressure results in enhanced heat transfer of the cryogenic methane under supercritical pressures. At the pseudo-critical temperature under a corresponding supercritical pressure, drastic property variations cause heat transfer deterioration and sharp wall temperature increase at a high wall heat flux of 7MW/m2. A modified Jackson and Hall heat transfer equation, which can be used for supercritical heat transfer calculations of the cryogenic methane, has been successfully established in this paper.      

一种低空声源分布式定位系统及其算法与实验研究

低空声源目标具有较强的隐身性,为了实现对此类目标的定位,构建基于TMS320C6713平台的分布式麦克风阵列低空声源定位系统.麦克风阵列节点以DSP为核心处理器,通过A/D芯片采样麦克风阵列接收到的信号,通过到达时间差(TDOA)计算声源的角度,利用测向交叉法,融合多个节点的角度信息,计算出声源的位置.结果表明:在时延估计精确的情况下,对低空目标具有较好地估计;系统具有较高的精度和稳定性,能够满足对低空声源目标进行定位的实际需求.     

气候环境实验室内降雨系统试验及仿真研究

通过试验和仿真对大型航空气候环境实验室内降雨单元的降雨均匀性进行研究。搭建试验台,分别对单个喷嘴和降雨单元的降雨均匀性进行试验研究。根据试验结果,分析喷嘴型号、喷嘴布置形式对降雨强度均匀性的影响。利用Matlab编程对不同型号喷嘴的降雨强度均匀性进行仿真研究。结果表明,喷射角度为120°的喷嘴喷淋性能基本一致,实际降雨覆盖面积直径最大可达3 m;降雨单元上喷嘴间距为1m时可以获得较好的降雨强度均匀性。