“高分五号”全谱段相机可展开定标漫反射板设计

为了对“高分五号”卫星全谱段光谱成像仪的太阳反射谱段辐射性进行长期监测与校正，并针对其谱段范围宽、精度要求高、口径大、使用寿命长等特点与要求，优化设计了可展开的漫反射板进行全光路全视场的辐射定标。定标漫反射板安装在相机光学系统的前端侧面，不影响相机正常成像，在定标时通过驱动机构展开漫反射板到相机前端，根据“高分五号”卫星轨道特点、定标能量要求及相机安装矩阵等设计定标漫反射板展开角度为39°。研制了430mm×430mm大尺寸聚四氟乙烯漫反射板组件以保证在展开时满足全光路全视场的定标，漫反射板在420～2400nm光谱范围内半球反射率高于95%，在相机观测方向BRDF变化优于25%。同时，设计了漫反射板稳定性监视辐射计用于监测漫反射板在轨性能衰减，监测精度15%。在轨定标精度分析为476%，满足指标要求。     

应用于MEMS_SINS/GPS组合导航系统的H_∞容错滤波算法

针对基于微机电系统(MEMS,micro electro mechanical system)的捷联惯性导航系统(SINS,strapdown inertial navigation system)与全球定位系统(GPS,global positioning system)组成的组合导航系统中存在不确定干扰并且GPS量测输出中经常含有故障信号的情况,提出一种H∞容错滤波算法,能够对不确定噪声干扰具有鲁棒性,并且能够在检测到故障信号后进行容错计算,使滤波精度始终保持在要求的范围内.基于H∞滤波器,在状态估计方程中加入加权因子,使滤波器具有容错的功能,并且适用于组合导航中量测分量的数量级相差很大的情况.仿真试验结果表明,该算法能有效降低GPS中故障信号的不利影响,使系统在故障存在期间仍能正常工作.     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.     

集中监控系统在遥测传输卫星地面站中的应用

针对遥测传输卫星地面站中所使用的集中监控系统进行阐述,利用工业控制计算机为核心的集中监控技术,对遥测传输卫星地面站设备的运行情况进行远端集中控制与管理,提高管理与控制自动化程度。     

UMR: A utility-maximizing routing algorithm for delay-sensitive service in LEO satellite networks

This paper develops a routing algorithm for delay-sensitive packet transmission in a low earth orbit multi-hop satellite network consists of micro-satellites. The micro-satellite low earth orbit(MS-LEO) network endures unstable link connection and frequent link congestion due to the uneven user distribution and the link capacity variations. The proposed routing algorithm,referred to as the utility maximizing routing(UMR) algorithm, improve the network utility of the MS-LEO network for carrying flows with strict end-to-end delay bound requirement. In UMR, first, a link state parameter is defined to capture the link reliability on continuing to keep the end-to-end delay into constraint; then, on the basis of this parameter, a routing metric is formulated and a routing scheme is designed for balancing the reliability in delay bound guarantee among paths and building a path maximizing the network utility expectation. While the UMR algorithm has many advantages, it may result in a higher blocking rate of new calls. This phenomenon is discussed and a weight factor is introduced into UMR to provide a flexible performance option for network operator. A set of simulations are conducted to verify the good performance of UMR, in terms of balancing the traffic distribution on inter-satellite links, reducing the flow interruption rate,and improving the network utility.     

深空探测器自主技术发展现状与趋势简

 深空探测器距离地球远、所处环境复杂、苛刻,利用地面测控站进行深空探测器的遥测和遥控已经很难满足探测器控制的实时性和安全性要求。深空探测器自主技术即通过在探测器上构建一个智能自主管理软件系统,自主地进行工程任务与科学任务的规划调度、命令执行、星上状态的监测与故障时的系统重构,完成无人参与情况下的探测器长时间自主安全运行,自主技术已经逐渐成为深空探测领域未来发展的一项关键技术。本文首先分析了传统测控模式对深空探测的约束,回顾了深空探测器自主技术发展的现状,分析了实现深空探测器自主运行的关键技术,包括在轨自主管理系统设计技术、自主任务规划技术、自主导航与控制技术、自主故障处理技术和自主科学任务操作技术。然后结合深空探测工程实施和技术发展需求,提出未来深空探测器自主技术发展的趋势和重点。     

卫星解体碎片生成数值模拟

提出卫星解体碎片生成的数值模拟方法,对卫星模型解体实验问题进行了数值模拟研究。有限元重构方法是一种有限元与 SPH 方法的结合,能够模拟获得孤立碎片的特性数据。通过在 SPH 模拟结果中重构有限元单元,能够有效区分碎片云中的置信孤立碎片和非置信孤立碎片,结合图论方法能够获得每个孤立碎片的单元构成及其尺寸、速度矢量和质量等信息。进而通过数据统计能够获得碎片分布信息。解体碎片数值模拟数据与实验数据具有较好的一致性,表明了该方法的有效性。     

Survey of orbital dynamics and control of space rendezvous

Rendezvous orbital dynamics and control （RODC） is a key technology for operating space rendezvous and docking missions. This paper surveys the studies on RODC. Firstly, the basic relative dynamics equation set is introduced and its improved versions are evaluated. Secondly, studies on rendezvous trajectory optimization are commented from three aspects： the linear rendez- vous, the nonlinear two-body rendezvous, and the perturbed and constrained rendezvous. Thirdly, studies on relative navigation are briefly reviewed, and then close-range control methods including automated control, manual control, and telecontrol are analyzed. Fourthly, advances in rendezvous trajectory safety and robust analysis are surveyed, and their applications in trajectory optimization are discussed. Finally, conclusions are drawn and prospects of studies on RODC are presented.     

偏振光导航

本文简单的介绍了偏振光导航的发展背景、偏振光导航的基本原理以及偏振光导航的发展历程,同时提出了偏振光导航需要解决的问题。     

基于双通道的光纤陀螺捷联罗经系统软件设计

基于双通道（罗经通道和惯导通道）的光纤陀螺捷联罗经系统软件设计,罗经通道通过在水平回路及罗经回路中加阻尼控制环节校正姿态角,当载体进行复杂机动航行时,系统自动切换到无阻尼惯导通道,以有效减小机动误差,并通过等效分析法确定加速度阈值实现两通道的自动切换。两种工作通道的仿真结果表明罗经通道与惯导通道相比,可以更好地抑制系统的舒勒周期振荡和地球周期振荡,对惯性器件的随机噪声产生的误差积累也有较好的抑制作用。通过系统工程样机在三轴转台环境下的测试,基本验证了双通道软件的正确性和系统样机硬件的可靠性,测试结果表明该罗经系统具有较高的姿态精度。