压气机旋转失速声学特性及主动控制策略探讨

通过对轴流压气机旋转失速的声学特征的描述，从非定常角度出发对旋转失速发作的原因及其声学特性进行了分析。同时，对轴流压气机非定常现象具有的时间尺度进行了对比研究。建立了考虑旋转失速声学特性的开环系统控制的物理模型，对于揭示轴流压气机旋转失速机理以及进一步对旋转失速进行主动控制提供了理论基础。     

对旋风机对旋叶轮级间流场的实验研究

采用实验方法对对旋风机对旋叶轮级间流场进行了研究。在改变级间间隙和前后级转速的情况下,采用五孔探针对级间压力场和速度场进行了了测量,并对结果进行了分析。研究表明:前后级动叶加功量的分配在对旋风机的气动设计中占有很重要的地位,这种分配可以通过转速的匹配来实现;在气动设计中,应增加对旋叶轮级间间隙的控制设计。      

流量变化对中心进气旋转盘平均换热的影响

实际中心进气的气冷涡轮盘被简化成中心进气外缘加热的旋转盘模型, 以实验的方法研究了涡轮旋转盘附近冷气在非定常情况下的流动与换热特性, 主要是冷气量对盘面温度和盘面的平均努赛尔特数的影响。转盘的有效半径为 400mm,最大转速为 3000r/ min,加热功率为1000W。实验结果表明: 盘缘区域温度随时间的变化率大于中心区域温度随时间的变化率; 流量的改变, 盘面平均努赛尔特数亦随之发生较快的改变; 某一工况下对转盘进行加热, 稳定后, 停止加热, 盘面平均努赛尔特数从一个很大的数值逐渐减小, 然后再逐渐增大。      

正交旋转径向出流带扰流柱的矩形通道出口节流及安装角对传热的影响

本文用实验的方法模拟研究了涡轮叶片内部径向出流的矩形冷却通道出口节流及安装角对通道换热特性的影响。实验模型为带叉排扰流柱阵列的矩形直通道。为了研究通道出口节流面积比的影响, 共采用了3个模型, 其通道出口面积 A0 与通道本身的横截面面积 A之比分别为 0.067,0.38和 1.0。为了研究矩形通道的安装角 α对旋转通道的传热影响, 采用了 α分别为0和 20度的两个模型。实验考察了雷诺数 Re和转动数 Ro等参数对传热特性的影响。      

均匀来流中旋转振荡圆柱绕流的数值研究

通过求解二维非定常不可压缩 Ｎ-Ｓ方程,研究了均匀来流中旋转振荡圆柱的流动特性,系统地改变流动的振荡频率、振幅,分析了圆柱的受力特性及尾迹结构,发现了与横向、流向振荡的圆柱相似,旋转振荡也是流动控制的一个有效方法,有其自身的流动规律及特点。     

航空燃气涡轮发动机销接转子叶片的减振效果分析

本文介绍关于两种转子叶片振动特性的比较研究。这两种叶片分别是用销钉和纵树形或燕尾形榫头联接到旋转转盘上的，分别用一端铰接一端自由和一端固接一端自由这两种简化的叶片模型来计算两种叶片的振动。首先推导出适用于旋转离心力场中叶片与旋转平面成任意角度振动的传递矩阵，再用推导出的传递矩阵法计算叶片的固有频率和振型。然后根据模态参数计算叶片对气动激励的位移响应，并通过对位移响应的有限差分计算应力响应。两种模型的响应比较表明；销接叶片的最大位移响应要比榫接的稍微大些，但前者的最大应力响应则比后者的小得多。     

非正交曲线坐标湍流族流的数值模拟

对锥形燃烧室的冷态流场进行了数值模拟，采用Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ的非正交贴你坐标系统，用坐标变换的方法处理锥形燃烧室曲线壁面边界，用ＳＩＭＰＬＥ算法求解连续方程和Ｎ－Ｓ方程。亲流模型采用工程上常用的ｋ－ε模型。还运用贴体坐标系统数值研究了不同旋流数和不同进口紊流动能对湍流旋流流动的影响，并与实验结果相比较获得较满意的结果，对新型燃烧室的设计提供了理论依据。     

A Model to Predict Stall Inception of Transonic Axial Flow Fan/Compressors

A stall inception model for transonic fan/compressors is presented in this paper. It can be shown that under some assumptions the solution of unsteady flow field consists of pressure wave which propagates upstream or downstream, vortex wave and entropy wave convected with the mean flow speed. By further using the mode-matching technique and applying the conservation law and conditions reflecting the loss characteristics of a compressor in the inlet and outlet of the rotor or stator blade rows, a group of homogeneous equations can be obtained from which the stability equation can be derived. Based on the analysis of the unsteady phenomenon caused by casing treatments, the function of casing treatments has been modeled by a wall impedance condition which has been included in the stability model through the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the system. Besides, the effect of shock waves in cascade channel on the stability prediction is also considered in the stall inception model. Finally, some numerical analysis and experimental investigation are also conducted with emphasis on the mutual comparison.     

Effects of temperature distribution and level on heat transfer on a rotating free disk

In gas turbine engines, with the existence of the intense forced convection and significant buoyancy effects, temperature distribution and level on turbine or compressor disks affect the heat transfer characteristics strongly. In this paper, numerical simulations were performed to analyze these influences for a free disk, with the laminar and turbulent flow respectively. The influences of temperature distribution on the heat transfer were observed by using incompressible cooling air, and temperature profiles of nth order monomial and polynomial were assumed on the disk. The analysis revealed that the heat transfer for two flow states on the free disk is determined by the exponent n of the monomial profile when specifying the rotating Reynolds number; for an arbitrary polynomial profile, the local Nusselt number can be deduced from results of monomial profiles. To study the effects of temperature level on heat transfer singly, monomial profiles were used and the local Nusselt number of compressible and incompressible cooling air were compared.And both for two flow states, the following conclusions could be drawn: the relative difference of local Nusselt number is mainly controlled by nondimensional local temperature difference, and almost independent of the monomial's coefficient C, exponent n and the rotating Reynolds number. Subsequently, a correction method for heat transfer of the free disk is presented and verified computationally, with which the local Nusselt number, obtained with a uniform and low temperature profile, can be revised by arbitrary distribution and high temperature magnitude.      

一种基于执行坐标系的导弹运动建模方法

为解决导弹制导控制系统建模中弹体模型与系统的匹配问题,提出了一种在弹体执行坐标系上构建导弹六自由度运动模型的方法。首先在弹体执行坐标系对导弹进行受力分析,建立导弹动力学方程组,然后利用弹体执行坐标系与弹体坐标系的关系,直接列写运动学方程组。该方法简化了弹体建模过程中气动数据的处理,统一了动力学和运动学方程组以及制导控制方程组的参考坐标系,从而使制导控制系统建模过程更为简单,同时有效提高了仿真效率。最后,通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性。