滚动轴承摩擦力矩的乏信息模糊预报

滚动轴承摩擦力矩的波动具有不确定性,属于概率分布与趋势规律都未知的乏信息系统.这阻碍了对轴承摩擦力矩的小样本分析与总体把握.为此,以模糊集合理论为基础,从小样本入手,建立了航天轴承摩擦力矩参数的经验概率密度函数及其模糊预报模型,并对摩擦力矩的均值上界和最大值上界进行预报.对HKTA和HKTB两种轴承摩擦力矩参数的试验研究表明,在99%～100%置信水平下,预报结果与试验结果之间的误差很小,最大绝对误差仅为0.081 1个设定单位,最大相对误差仅为10.165%,可以满足航天工程的要求.      

基于弹流润滑理论的深沟球轴承动态虚拟仿真

润滑油膜对轴承的胶合、擦伤和接触疲劳有重要影响.而以往对轴承的仿真均忽略了润滑油膜的存在,误差较大.首先在刚性套圈假设的前提下,基于Hertz接触理论,运用拟动力学法建立球轴承在径向、轴向载荷作用下的力学模型,以Newton-Raphson法为主要计算工具对模型进行求解,获得轴承在联合载荷作用下的接触载荷和变形,并求取了各个滚珠与内、外圈之间的接触刚度.基于弹性流体动力润滑(EHL)理论考虑润滑油膜对轴承动态特性的影响,求取滚动轴承油膜刚度.提出等效综合刚度的概念并求其值,在此基础上运用ADAMS软件对轴承进行准确的动力学仿真.      

基于遗传算法优化的人工神经网络下高速滚动轴承的疲劳可靠性

考虑到高速滚动轴承中热弹流润滑效应的影响,提出一种人工智能方法进行航空轴承疲劳可靠性分析。通过带交叉项的二次多项式近似拟合温度场效应,并将热应力映射到滚动轴承赫兹接触区内,完成热弹流润滑效应下航空轴承接触应力分析模型的建立,同时考虑热弹流润滑效应、材料属性以及疲劳强度修正系数的随机性,运用人工神经网络法完成热弹流润滑效应下航空滚动轴承疲劳可靠性分析。采用遗传算法完成最小可靠性指标寻优和惩罚函数最佳设计点。基于改进的一次二阶矩法完成可靠性灵敏度分析。数值算例表明,所建立的可靠性分析模型能正确反映热弹流润滑效应对航空轴承接触疲劳的影响。与传统的Monte Carlo法相比,两种计算结果的失效概率之差为2.0×10-4,相对误差为23.8%,而所提方法耗时只有蒙特卡洛方法的0.15%,具有良好的全局搜索能力和高效的计算性能。      

基于自适应分段混合系统的轴承故障诊断

针对强噪声背景下轴承早期故障的诊断问题,提出一种基于自适应分段混合随机共振（adaptive piecewise hybrid stochastic resonance,APHSR）系统的检测方法。采用经验模态分解法（EMD）进行信号预处理,分别采用能量密度法和相关系数法去除高、低频噪声,自动筛选最优固有模态函数,经尺度变换后输入分段混合随机共振系统模型,提取故障信号。工程实验显示:经过APHSR系统,轴承故障特征频率的频谱幅值、频谱幅值与周围最大噪声之差和最大信噪比（SNR）均高于经验模态分解和经典随机共振方法,其中齿轮箱故障轴承信噪比分别提高了9.579 dB和7.473 dB,转子故障轴承信噪比分别提升了8.597 dB和5.695 dB,对凯斯西储大学故障轴承数据处理后的信噪比分别提升了3.369 dB和17.043 dB。数据表明APHSR方法具有高效性,提高了轴承故障信号诊断能力。      

气浮轴承在航天器质量特性综合测试设备中的应用

文章首先介绍了气浮轴承在航天器质量特性综合测试设备中的应用情况及测量原理,之后对一种球面气浮轴承进行了计算流体动力学（CFD）软件仿真计算,得出了承载力与不同参数的关系及提高承载力的方法;最后总结了航天器质量特性综合测试设备发展趋势。     

滚压强化表面状态特征的疲劳演化及抗疲劳机制研究进展

作为机械表面强化技术之一,滚压强化工艺能够有效提高材料的疲劳性能、耐磨损性能、耐腐蚀性能以及损伤容限性能,现已被应用于航空发动机叶片等的表面改性处理。首先,对滚压强化的基本原理及优点进行了介绍。其次,鉴于表面状态特征演化对疲劳性能的重要影响及越来越多的学者对此问题的重视与研究,分别综述了滚压强化工艺的表面状态特征（残余应力、显微硬度和微观组织）的疲劳演化、抗疲劳机制以及疲劳寿命预测方面的研究进展。然后,并与其他工艺的研究进展进行横向对比分析,总结了滚压强化工艺当前研究存在的不足。最后,对滚压强化工艺今后的研究内容与发展方向进行了展望。     

Nonlinear vibration response characteristics of a dual-rotor-bearing system with squeeze film damper

Rolling bearing and Squeeze Film Damper (SFD) are used in rotor support structures, and most researches on the nonlinear rotor-bearing system are focused on the simple rotor-bearing systems. This work emphasizes the comparative analysis of the influence of SFD on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the dual-rotor system supported by rolling bearings. Firstly, a reduced dynamic model is established by combining the Finite Element (FE) method and the free-interface method of component mode synthesis. The proposed model is verified by comparing the natural characteristics obtained from an FE model with those from the experiment. Then, the steady-state vibration responses of the system with or without SFD are solved by the numerical integration method. The influences of the ball bearing clearance, unbalance, centralizing spring stiffness and oil film clearance of SFD on the nonlinear steady-state vibration responses of the dual-rotor system are analyzed. Results show that SFD can effectively suppress the amplitude jump of the dual rotor system sustaining two rotors unbalance excitations. As the ball bearing clearance or unbalance increases, the amplitude jump phenomenon becomes more obvious, the resonance hysteresis phenomenon strengthens or weakens, the resonant peaks shift to the left or the right, respectively. SFD with unreasonable parameters will aggravate the system vibration, the smaller the oil film clearance, the better the damping performance of the SFD, the larger the centralizing spring stiffness is, the larger resonance amplitudes are.     

一种全复合材料卫星天线承力筒的研制

针对卫星天线承力筒轻质、高轴向模量、低轴向热膨胀的需求,文章开展了承力筒总体成型方案设计、材料基础热力学性能测试及产品试制等工作,并通过了实验考核。结果表明:对于材料的热力学性能,按经纬向比例1︰2编织的M40J炭布层压板在常温下纬向拉伸模量为118GPa,纬向拉伸强度为771MPa;在(?190~150)℃范围内,纬向热膨胀系数为(0.3~1.4)×10?6℃?1,经向热膨胀系数为(0.3~5.3)×10?6℃?1。该复合材料承力筒比铝质承力筒质量减少40%以上。复合材料承力筒经过(?170~120)℃/24h、6.5个循环的高低温循环实验考核,产品无残余变形,内部未出现开裂、分层等现象。     

Nonlinear resonance characteristics of a dual-rotor system with a local defect on the inner ring of the inter-shaft bearing

In this paper, the nonlinear resonance characteristics of a dual-rotor system are investigated with the consideration of a local defect on the inter-shaft bearing of the system. A simplified model of the dual-rotor system is proposed by considering that there is a local defect on the inner ring of inter-shaft bearing. The local defect is modelled as an inverted isosceles trapezoidal groove, which can make great influence on the inter-shaft bearing force due to the change of radial clearance of the inter-shaft bearing. The motion equations of the dual-rotor system are formulated by using the Lagrange equation. The Runge-Kutta method is employed to solve the motion equation. The amplitude-frequency response curve of the dual-rotor system is obtained, the abnormal resonance characteristics are analyzed. In addition, the influence of defect parameters, rotors and support parameters and inter-shaft bearing parameters on the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the system are discussed. The results show that there are two main resonance peaks and four abnormal resonance peaks on the amplitude-frequency response curve of the dual-rotor with a local defect on the inner ring of the inter-shaft bearing. Through analyzing the vibration response of the abnormal resonance peaks, it is found that the first two abnormal resonances are caused by the combined resonance, which are related to the inner ring fault and the rotational speed of high or low pressure rotors, and the last two resonances are caused by the induced resonance of the inner ring fault. At the same time, when the parameters of defect, rotors and support and inter-shaft bearing change, the resonance of the system also shows the corresponding change law.     

某磁悬浮飞轮控制模型及其转子质心轴向偏移仿真分析

基于某磁悬浮飞轮转子动力学模型,根据现代控制理论构建了该飞轮系统的状态控制模型。由极点配置法设计了全状态反馈控制器,用Matlab/Simulink软件仿真分析了转子系统质心的轴向偏移对控制器设计和整个系统性能的影响。结果表明:设计的飞轮转子系统满足要求。分析对磁悬浮飞轮系统的优化设计有一定的参考意义。