考虑时变环境的基于设备退化的剩余寿命估计

进行剩余寿命估计时,需要考虑设备运行环境的作用。退化率模型是刻画外部环境对设备退化影响的一种重要模型,退化率模型分为两种:第一种是设备退化率只由外部环境状态决定,第二种是设备退化率是运行时间和外部环境的函数。本文总结了基于退化率模型的剩余寿命估计方法;指出了当外部环境用马尔科夫跳变过程描述时,利用第一种退化率模型进行剩余寿命估计中存在的问题,并举例说明;最后给出了用蒙特卡洛仿真计算基于第二种退化率模型的剩余寿命估计的方法,结果合理。     

多重应力下滚动轴承剩余寿命预测

为了实现多重应力下滚动轴承的剩余寿命预测,有效利用不用应力下的退化数据,提出了一种基于加速模型和贝叶斯（Bayesian）理论的滚动轴承剩余寿命预测方法。通过拟合优度检验和威布尔（Weibull）概率图检验法对滚动轴承试验中的数据进行有效性分析。利用switching Kalman filters(SKF)判断滚动轴承各时刻的退化状态。当滚动轴承进入加速退化时,用指数模型拟合轴承退化过程,利用广义线性对数模型表示退化模型参数与应力的关系,根据修正后的轴承实时退化数据利用贝叶斯算法更新模型参数,得到滚动轴承剩余寿命的概率密度函数,从而实现滚动轴承剩余寿命预测。采用XJTU-SY轴承数据集进行验证,预测结果的均方根误差在20 min以内,证明该方法能够有效预测滚动轴承的剩余寿命。     

一类隔离驱动电路的“剩余驱动”问题

讨论直流变换器中将脉宽调制器（PWM）输出与受控MOS管栅极连接的一类开关驱动电路.专注于分析它在PWM电路关闭后对栅极产生的驱动信号,被命名为＂剩余驱动＂.描述这类剩余驱动的电气特性,说明它对变换器造成的危险,提出改进这类驱动电路以消除这些危险的4种方法.     

Analysis of crack opening stresses for center- and edge-crack tension specimens

Accurate determination of crack opening stress is of central importance to fatigue crack growth analysis and life prediction based on the crack-closure model. This paper studies the crack opening behavior for center- and edge-crack tension specimens. It is found that the crack opening stress is affected by the crack tip element. By taking the crack tip element into account, a modified crack opening stress equation is given for the center-crack tension specimen. Crack surface displace- ment equations for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under remote uniform tension and partially distributed pressure are derived by using the weight function method. Based on these displacements, a crack opening stress equation for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under uniform tension has been developed. The study shows that the crack opening stress is geometry-dependent, and the weight function method provides an effective and reliable tool to deal with such geometry depen- dence.     

非连续增强金属基复合材料的热残余应力

详细地论述了非连续增强金属基复合材料热残余应力的产生、松弛机理以及热残余应力对材料组织和性能的影响，并预测了今后的发展方向。指出增强体与基体的线膨胀系数之差、界面结合和温度变化是产生热残余应力的必要条件，非连续增强金属基复合材料的热残余应力的松弛将使得金属基复合材料基体内的位错密度增加，热残余应力使复合材料的拉伸强度降低。     

含裂纹金属薄板的断裂韧度与剩余强度研究

为了探究影响含裂纹铝合金薄板材料断裂韧度、剩余强度的几何因素以及韧性材料的断裂机理,对典型航空铝合金2524-T3薄板,采用不同宽度、不同初始裂纹长度的中心裂纹板试样进行试验,测定材料的K-R阻力曲线,确定平面应力断裂韧度Kc和表观断裂韧度Kapp.试验结果表明:对于薄板结构,K-R阻力曲线与板宽相关;试件宽度、初始裂纹长度对断裂韧度和表观断裂韧度的确定都有影响,且板宽度的影响较大.基于上述结论,推荐两种可同时反映韧性材料断裂中的净截面屈服效应和韧性撕裂过程的剩余强度预测方法.     

Energy principle and material removal sequence optimization method in machining of aircraft monolithic parts

In the machining process of aircraft monolithic parts, the initial residual stress redistribution and structural stiffness evolution often lead to unexpected distortions. On the other hand,the stress redistribution and stiffness reduction during the machining process depend on the material removal sequence. The essence of the stress redistribution is releasing the initial elastic strain energy. In the present study, the influence of the material removal sequence on the energy release is studied....     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

TB6钛合金激光喷丸与机械喷丸残余应力场有限元模拟

利用有限元软件建立了TB6钛合金激光喷丸以及机械喷丸的三维数值分析模型,研究了不同工艺参数对残余应力场的影响;对比了两种喷丸工艺所形成的应力波和各自的衰减规律;研究了两种喷丸工艺的复合强化工艺对残余应力场的影响。结果表明:激光喷丸形成的平面波造成较深的应力影响层,深度可达1.5mm;机械喷丸形成的球面波产生较大的残余应力,最大残余压应力可以达到屈服强度的1.1倍。塑性应变越大残余应力越大,塑性应变层与残余应力影响层深度相近;在两者复合强化工艺中,残余应力影响层深度与激光喷丸的相近,最大残余压应力可达屈服强度的1.2倍。     

大型齿圈加工变形与防治措施的研究

在生产中大直径薄壁结构齿圈加工变形是经常遇到的问题。本文以某产品齿圈制齿后出现严重锥度变形问题为例，分析引起变形的原因，通过反复实验，找到了避免变形的有效措施。