钢筋砼条基及独立柱基有效高度的实用计算公式

为了便于广大工程实践人员对基础有效高度的确定，根据规范GB50010－2002及GB50007－2002推导求解出基础有效高度的实用计算公式及计算表格。     

Ⅰ型极值分布的环境因子

本文通过对Ⅰ型极值分布的理论分析和环境因子的二因子法，分别得到了Ⅰ型极大值分布和Ⅰ型极小值分布的环境因子，它们与正态分布的环境因子^[1]具有相同的形式，对Ⅰ型极值分布的环境因子进行了点估计，提出了用环境因子进行数据转换和综合的步骤。     

人工释能法求解线性代数方程组

本文建立求解线性代数方程组的人工释能法迭代格式,并给出该迭代格式收敛的充分必要条件和最佳释能时机,同时给出实现人工释能法的数值计算方法及其数值稳定性条件。     

Study of GNSS-measured ionospheric total electron content variations generated by powerful HF-heating

The purpose of this work is to report the experimental evidences for the influence of perturbations in the electron density in the dayside mid-latitude ionosphere, that are caused by high-frequency heating of the F2 layer, on the GNSS signals. The experiments were carried out at the Sura heater (Radio Physical Research Institute, N. Novgorod). During the sessions of ionospheric heating with different time modulations of the radiated power the rays linking the navigational satellites with the ground receiver intersected the heated region. Variations in the total electron content (TEC) were studied; these variations are proportional to the reduced phases of navigational signals. It is shown that with the square-wave modulation of the radiated power (with periods of 1, 6, 10 and 15 min), perturbations with periods of the main modulation of heating and its harmonics appear in the spectrum of TEC variations. Examples are presented of identification of the heating-induced variations in TEC, including determination of the amplitudes and time characteristics of these variations.     

Exploration and implementation of commonality valuation method in commercial aircraft family design

Commercial aircraft family design can reduce development costs, shorten development cycles, and expand the market coverage of aircraft. Commercial aircraft family development has become one of the most important features of modern aircraft design. This paper explores the effects of commonality on different aircraft models in a commercial aircraft family. The existing product commonality indexes are summarized and their limitations in the application to aircraft design are discussed. Then a new component commonality index is proposed based on the component decomposition structure. A model for calculating the aircraft program value is established,which considers development costs, manufacturing costs, sale price, operation costs and residual costs. The effects of aircraft commonality on time and economic costs of both development and manufacturing, and on sale price, are analyzed and quantified. The commonality evaluation strategy is obtained, which features comprehensive consideration of the aircraft program value and time costs. The break-even analysis of aircraft is proceeded on the basis of costs and price data. By using a real option method, the strategy considers the uncertainty of the aircraft program and the flexibility of the manufacturer. This strategy proves to be rational and applicable to aircraft design based on the calculation of three examples and the analysis of parameter sensitivity.     

浅议信息时代高校校报的发展

在以网络为代表的新媒体无孔不入的今天,传统的报纸面临着巨大的压力,同样新媒体对高校校报的冲击无疑也是巨大的。如何在竞争激烈的新媒体时代继续引领校园舆论,是所有高校校报人所引以深思的问题。列举了信息时代以网络为核心的新媒体对高校校报的冲击,特别是在读者获取信息的方式、读者阅读兴趣、读者阅读习惯等方面的巨大影响;分析了高校校报和网络媒体在内容、形式等方面各自的长处和特点,并初步提出了高校校报机构调整和加深内涵建设等应对措施。     

气动钣金快速成形机的研制

针对电动钣金成形机制造成本高、效率低、易产生死点的问题,提出一种采用气液增力装置代替液压传动系统的气动钣金成形机设计方案。气液增力装置采用精密气压转换阀控制,实现行程平稳控制和加工成形过程平稳加载,显著提高了生产效率;配套研制的多种无齿收缩成形模具,可加工不同形状钣金件并获得更好的表面质量。该技术在钣金快速成形方面的研究处于国内领先水平,已获得3项国家专利。     

Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

李清照《醉花阴》赏析

李清照是北宋婉约派词人的代表作家,她的词刻画细腻,微妙的心理活动,表达丰富多样的感情体验,塑造鲜明、生动的艺术形象。《醉花阴》通过白日独坐,对花浅酌的场景,人花比瘦,刻画词人思念之情。     

汉乐府《陌上桑》罗敷形象再解读

《陌上桑》是一篇被世人广为传诵的汉乐府佳作,作品塑造一个鲜活的充满生命活力的女子形象———罗敷,她美丽、健康、自信、阳光、勇敢、自尊,一改传统诗文中女性的哀怨、病弱、卑怯、凄苦之态,成为文学史中一个光彩照人的独特形象,具有特殊的意义。